brief news items nd communiqu~s; 2.html
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The Newspaper style: language of brief news items
English newspaper style may be defined as a system of interrelated lexical, phraseological and grammatical means which is perceived by the community speaking the language as a separate unity that basically serves the purpose of informing and instructing the reader.
Since the primary function of newspaper style is to impart information, only printed matter serving this purpose comes under newspaper style proper.
Such matter can be classed as:
1. brief news items and communiqués;
2. press reports (parliamentary, of court proceedings, etc.);
3. articles purely informational in character;
4. advertisements and announcements.
The function of a brief news item is to inform the reader. It states only facts without giving comments. Newspaper style has its specific vocabulary features and is characterized by an extensive use of:
1)special political and economics terms(capitalism,constitution)
2)non-term political vocabulary(public,nation-wide,unity) hostages, kidnappers
3)newspaper clichés(vital issue, pressing problem, well-informed sources)
4)abbreviations of various kinds :names of organizations, political associations BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation),
5)NEOLOGISMS(LIKE MP3, PDA (Personal digital assistant)
The following grammatical peculiarities of brief news items are of paramount importance, and may be regarded as grammatical parameters of newspaper style:
- complex sentences with a developed system of clauses: French Prime Minister said yesterday that France was still not prepared to join in the plan since France did not want to be drawn into a confrontation with the oil producers
- verbal constructions (infinitive, participial, gerundial) andverbal-noun constructions : Since 9/11 Donald Rumsfeld has insisted on personally signing off on the harsher methods used to squeeze suspected terrorists held at the U.S. prison at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba (Newsweek, 2004).
- syntactical complexes , especially nominative with the infinitive Demands from Washington are likely to worsen Blair's relationship with serving generals. The White House wants more troops in Iraq - 2,000 is the rumoured figure - to replace the departing Spanish. If the Poles cut their forces, too, as they're hinting they may, Washington will likely urge British troops to take over command of the holy Shiite city of Najaf, home to rabble-rousing imam Moqtada ai-Sadr (
- attributive noun groups;(Profit boost plan) government anti -terror policies
- specific word order. The word order in one-sentence news paragraphs and in what are called leads (the initial sentences in longer news items) is more or less fixed. Journalistic practice has developed the “five-w-and-h-pattern rule” (who-what-why-how-where-when) and for a long time strictly adhered to it. In terms of grammar, this fixed sentence structure may be expressed in the following way: Subject - Predicate (object) - Adverbial modifier of reason (manner) - Adverbial modifier of place - Adverbial modifier of time, e.g.,