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The infinitive as the ‘head-form’ of the verb.
The Infinitive is the verbal name of the process. It is considered to be the head form of the whole paradigm of the verb. The infinitive combines verbal features with features of the noun. It has voice and aspect forms, e.g.: to write, to be writing, to have written, to be written, to have been written; it can be combined with nouns and pronouns denoting the subject or the object of the action, and with the adverbial modifiers, e.g.: for him to write a letter; to write a letter to someone; to write a letter very carefully. The non-verbal properties of the infinitive are displayed in its syntactic functions and its combinability. The infinitive performs all the functions characteristic of the noun – that of a subject, e.g.: To write a letter was the main thing he had planned for the day; of a predicative, e.g.: The main thing he had planned for the day was to write a letter; of an object, e.g.: He wanted to write a letter to her; of an attribute, e.g.: It was the main thing to do; of an adverbial modifier, e.g.: He stood on a chair in order to reach for the top shelf.
The English Infinitive exists in two presentation forms: with prepositional marker to and without it. Respectively it’s called the to-Infinitive (the Marked Infinitive) and Bare Infinitive (the Unmarked Infinitive).
Bare inf is used :
The infinitive can be used in different functions
In Modern English we distinguish the following predicative constructions with the infinitive:
1. The Objective-with-the-Infinitive Construction
2. The Subjective-with-the-Infinitive Construction
3. The For-to-Infinitive Construction
1. The Objective-with-the-Infinitive Construction is a a Complex Object. In translating the Objective-with-the-Infinitive Construction into Russian there is always used a subordinate clause.( I consider this question to be very important.I haven't heard anyone call me.)
2. complex subject. The peculiarity of this construction is that it does not serve as one part of the sentence. One of its component parts has the function of the subject, the other forms part of a compound verbal predicate. He is expected to give us an answer tomorrow.
3. The For-to-Infinitive Construction is a construction in which the Infinitive is in predicate relation to a noun or pronoun preceded by the preposition “for”.
In translating this construction into Russian a subordinate clause or an infinitive is used. He waited for her to speak.