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МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
МОСКОВСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
ПИЩЕВЫХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВ
Т.Г. Мордвинцева, В.А. Стороженко
по английскому языку для обучения устной речи
студентов 1 курса всех институтов дневного отделения и ФАФО
|
Утверждено научно-методической комиссией Департамента гуманитарной подготовки 13 января 2003 года |
Москва 2003
Рецензенты:
Е.В. Лейченко, доцент кафедры «Иностранные языки» МГУПП
Т.И. Расторгуева, доцент кафедры «Иностранные языки» МГУПП
Раздел 1. “Education in Ancient World”……………………………... стр. 4 - 14
Раздел 2. “Higher Education in Russia, Great Britain, and the USA”… стр. 14 - 26
Раздел 3. “University. Students’ Life”……………………………..….. стр. 26 - 38
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ
Настоящие методические указания предназначены для обучения студентов 1 курса всех институтов устной речи на английском языке. Методические указания содержат материал, предусматривающий ведение беседы по теме «Образование», начиная от первых стадий образования до высшего образования в современном мире. Указания состоят из трех разделов: «Образование в древнем мире», «Высшее образование в нашей стране, Великобритании, США», «Университет. Жизнь студентов». Каждый из разделов характеризуется последовательностью заданий, направленных на развитие произносительных навыков, формирование лексико-грамматических навыков, развитие и реализацию умений выражения мысли по заданной теме в устной форме. Методические указания включают материал с использованием зрительной опоры и для аудирования.
Данные методические указания снабжены ключами.
EDUCATION IN ANCIENT WORLD
1. Прослушайте и повторите за диктором следующие слова, обращая внимание на чтение английских гласных.
1. mark, bad, make, fare, grammar; 2. me, went, enter, complete, term; 3. time, since, third, provide, circle; 4. diploma, memorial, hope, dog, north; 5. pupil, discuss, tutor, result, turn; 6. style, myth, dye, byword, sympathy
2. Прочтите следующие пары слов.
1. man – men, land – attend, bad – end, plan – experiment, practical – direct
2. write – written, divide – division, wide – winner, five – fifth, life – lift
3. go – got, note – not, Rome – Rom, pose – possible, hole – hot
3. Прослушайте и повторите за диктором следующие слова, обращая внимание на чтение буквы “g”.
g [ d ] – stage, Egypt, engineer, college, storage
g [ g ] – ago, degree, great, gave, gas
Note: g [ g ] – get, give, begin, girl
4. Прочтите следующие слова.
God, gyp, age, gust, knowledge, gap, page
5. Прослушайте и повторите за диктором следующие слова, обращая внимание на чтение сочетаний букв “ch”, “ture”, “tion”.
“ch” [ t∫ ] – teacher, children, which, chapter, French
[ ∫ ] – machine, chic, champagne
[ k ] – school, technology, mechanics, chemical, architect
“ture” [ t∫ ] – literature, culture, lecture, nature, picture
[ ∫ n ] – education, attention, invention, promotion, participation
“tion”
[ t∫ ( ) n ] – question, suggestion, digestion
6. Прочтите следующие слова.
bachelor, scholarship, chemistry, China, scripture, generation, nation, future
7. Прослушайте и повторите за диктором следующие слова. Обратите внимание на чтение сочетаний гласных “ea”, “ei”, “ee”, “ie”, “ai”, “ay”, “ey”.
[ i: ] – read, receive, need, field, nineteen
[ ei ] – train, stay, grey, they, paid
8. Прочитайте следующие слова.
Greek, each, say, meal, sea, main, meet, believe
9. Найдите в строке слова с указанным перед ними звуком. Прочтите их вслух.
1. [ ei ] – free, pale, take, service, late
2. [ æ ] – fat, data, early, Athens, very
3. [ i: ] – terminal, heat, three, piece, rich
4. [ i ] – Institute, team, term, dish, him
5. [ α: ] – department, tact, mark, mathematics, charge
6. [ :] – skill, were, speak, University, personal
7. [ ] – ago, laboratory, restore, got, diploma
8. [ t∫ ] – manage, speech, century, picture, language
9. [ d ] – age, huge, colleague, general, game
10. [ ∫ n ] – structure, dictation, each, vacation, optional
10. Прослушайте и повторите за диктором следующие слова и словосочетания. Постарайтесь запомнить их значения.
|
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. |
education primary education secondary education higher education to get education school primary school secondary school higher school free of charge knowledge language a foreign language the English (the German) language essential syn. important, significant ancient to invent syn. to devise invention inventor to use syn. to apply, to employ to train to attend to consist of to pay attention to smth to provide according to to generate generation state state to store = to store up to grow (grew, grown) skill skilled skilful to teach (taught, taught) to learn (learnt, learnt; learned, learned) to leave (left, left) leave |
образование начальное образование среднее образование высшее образование получить образование школа начальная школа средняя школа высшая школа, высшее учебное заведение бесплатный знания язык иностранный язык английский (немецкий) язык важный, существенный древний изобретать изобретение изобретатель использовать, применять обучать, готовить посещать состоять из обращать внимание на что-либо обеспечивать, снабжать в соответствии с порождать, производить поколение государство, штат государственный запасать расти искусство, мастерство квалифицированный искусный, умелый обучать учиться, учить что-либо, узнавать оставлять, покидать отпуск |
11. Прослушайте и повторите за диктором постепенно увеличивающиеся словосочетания. Следите за интонацией.
1. ………………… schools
………. Egyptian schools
the first Egyptian schools
2. …............................ago
…….………. years ago
five thousand years ago
3. …………………... century
…… the nineteenth century
until the nineteenth century
4. ………….….………… world
……...……… about the world
….….…..facts about the world
essential facts about the world
5. …………………. generation
……………. each generation
....……. with each generation
to grow with each generation
6. ...………………………………… states
……………………………. Greek states
……………………….. two Greek states
…………………. were two Greek states
Sparta and Athens were two Greek states
7. ….……………………... training
.………………. physical training
a programme of physical training
8. ….…………..attention
.……. special attention
to pay special attention
9. ...……………………. charge
………………. free of charge
……………. is free of charge
the education is free of charge
10. ……..……………………. languages
……… the Greek and Latin languages
to study the Greek and Latin languages
12. Воспроизведите на слух предложения, расширяя их за счет дополнительных компонентов, предлагаемых диктором.
13. Прослушайте текст и постарайтесь понять его содержание.
14. Прочтите утверждения и выберите то из них, которое соответствует содержанию текста. Воспроизведите выбранное Вами утверждение вслух.
This text is about
a) the early stages of education;
b) the development of education in Middle Ages;
c) education in modern history.
15. Запомните пословицы.
1. Live and learn. (Век живи, век учись)
2. Knowledge is power. (Знание – сила)
16. Найдите ряд существительных, которые могут следовать после данных глаголов. Прочтите составленные вами словосочетания.
|
1. to attend |
data, a programme, a word, a method, the invention (1) |
|
2. to teach |
school, a lecture, classes, a meeting, a conference (2) |
|
3. to get |
a poem, grammar, rules, languages, facts (3) |
|
4. to train |
education, knowledge, training, skills, a profession (4) |
|
5. to learn |
children, Latin, reading, writing, arithmetic (5) |
|
6. to use |
specialists, engineers, speakers, teachers, professionals (6) |
17. Прочтите следующие слова. Подберите к словам в правой колонке заголовки из левой колонки.
|
1. States |
Chinese, Egyptian, Roman, Greek, Spartan, Athenian, Briton (1) |
|
2. Peoples |
Rome, Sparta, Athens, Babylon, Bristol, Aden, Cairo (2) |
|
3. Cities |
Egypt, China, Sparta, Athens, Britain, Rome, Greece (3) |
18. Заполните пропуски в предложениях словами, предлагаемыми в скобках. Прочтите предложения вслух.
|
e.g. |
… (a) Secondary schools, b) Primary schools, c) Higher schools) train qualified specialists) Ключ: с |
1. Writing was the … (a) knowledge, b) invention, c) skill) of the Egyptians. 2. Physical training is … (a) essential, b) ancient, c) social) for the younger generation. 3. At six or seven all boys in Rome … (a) went to, b) left, c) attended) the primary school. 4. Students get … (a) education, b) invention, c) discipline) at Institutes, Academies and Universities. 5. Students … (a) begin, b) attend, c) teach) lectures at the Institute.
19. Прочтите текст.
а) Образование в древнем мире.
b) Развитие образования в различных странах мира.
c) Влияние древнегреческих ученых на образование в современном мире.
Only the sons of the nobles1 attended the first Egyptian schools. They learned reading, good behaviour and got physical education there. In ancient China education consisted of learning the scriptures2 by heart. Sparta and Athens were two Greek states. The Spartans, hard and warlike people, got military education. At the age of 7 all boys of noble families left their homes and lived in groups under very strict discipline. The Spartans learned to use weapons. The Athenians had a programme of physical training. As time went on they paid special attention to reading, writing and literature. A special teacher known as the “grammatist” taught them. Common people didn’t get education. Greek ideas of what education should include influenced European education, especially secondary and university education.
Roman schools were free of charge. These schools provided three stages of education. At 6 or 7 boys (and some girls) went to the primary schools where they learned reading, writing and arithmetic. At 12 or 13 boys of the rich families went on to the “grammar” school to study the Greek and Latin languages and literature. At 16 young nobles who wanted to go into politics went to schools of rhetoric. These schools trained public speakers. In Great Britain the first teachers were craftsmen3. They taught children to read, write, count and cook. The Monitorial system4 was the main system of teaching in Great Britain at the beginning of the 19th century. The teacher had a class of 100 pupils and senior pupils or “monitors” helped him.
1. the nobles – знать
2. scripture – священное писание
3. craftsman – ремесленник
4. Monitorial system of teaching – Ланкастерская система обучения (с использованием учащихся старших классов для преподавания в младших классах в общеобразовательной школе в целях снижения затрат на ее содержание). Была введена педагогом Джозефом Ланкастером.
20. Скажите, ответами на какие вопросы являются следующие реплики. Меняйтесь ролями.
|
e.g. Ключ: |
A. …………………………………………………….? B. Yes, the Athenians paid special attention to literature. A. Did the Athenians pay special attention to literature? B. Yes, the Athenians paid special attention to literature. |
I. A. …………………………………………………………?
B. Yes, the Spartans got military education.
A. …………………………………………………………?
B. Yes, only the nobles attended the first schools in Egypt.
A. …………………………………………………………?
B. Yes, the Romans learned Greek and Latin.
II. B. …………………………………………………………?
A. Yes, teachers used the Monitorial system of teaching in Great Britain.
B. …………………………………………………………?
A. Yes, primary schools in Rome trained children in arithmetic.
B. …………………………………………………………?
A. Yes, the Spartans lived under very strict discipline.
21. Ответьте на вопросы своего собеседника, используя слова в скобках и образец. Меняйтесь ролями.
|
e.g. Ключ: |
A. Did schools first start in China? B. …………………… (in Egypt). A. Did schools first start in China? B. No, they didn’t. Schools first started in Egypt. |
I. A. Did schools first start in Egypt a thousand years ago?
B. ……………………… (5 or 6 thousand).
A. Did fathers and mothers teach their children at schools in Egypt?
B. ……………………… (at home).
A. Did all children attend the first Egyptian schools?
B. ……………………… (only the sons of the nobles).
II. B. Did the Spartans get knowledge in literature?
A. ……………………… (military education).
B. Did the Romans study Greek and Latin at the primary school?
A. ……………………… (grammar schools).
B. Did children learn grammar in ancient China?
A. ……………………… (the scriptures).
22. Скажите, чему обучались дети в различных странах древнего мира. Используйте образцы и предлагаемые в скобках слова и словосочетания.
|
e.g. |
1) In Egypt children learned reading and good behaviour. 2) In Egypt schools trained children in reading and good behaviour. |
(arithmetic, using weapons, literature, writing, reading, the Greek language, grammar, the Latin language, cooking, counting)
23. Прочтите утверждения. Выразите свое согласие или несогласие с ними, используя следующие слова и словосочетания.
|
Agreement |
Disagreement |
|
Exactly That’s right I quite agree It’s perfectly true Certainly |
On the contrary I can’t agree I shouldn’t say so By no means I don’t think so |
1. The Spartans were peace-loving people. 2. Only the nobles attended the first Egyptian schools. 3. In Great Britain the teacher had very small classes. 4. Common people didn’t get education in ancient world. 5. The Romans didn’t pay for education. 6. “Grammatists” taught arithmetic to the Athenians.
24. Ответьте на вопросы.
1. When did you learn to read and write? 2. What words did you learn to read and write first? 3. Who taught you to read and write?
25. Прочтите шутку и ответьте на вопрос после нее.
A teacher said to a pupil: “When I was your age I could answer any question in arithmetic”. “Yes,” said the girl, “but you forget that you had a different teacher from the teacher I have”.
Question: Did the pupil like her teacher?
26. Расскажите об особенностях образования по следующему плану:
1. The first teachers.
2. The invention of writing and first schools.
3. The education in various countries of Ancient World.
4. The Monitorial System of teaching.
HIGHER EDUCATION IN RUSSIA, GREAT BRITAIN AND THE USA
1. Прослушайте и повторите за диктором слова, обращая внимание на чтение буквы “j”.
j [ d ] – January, subject, enjoy, just, joint
2. Вспомните, какая еще буква читается [ d ]. Приведите примеры.
3. Найдите в строке слова со звуком [ d ]. Прочтите их вслух.
job, big, July, German, gymnastics, leg, join, biology.
4. Прослушайте и повторите за диктором следующие слова, обращая внимание на чтение букв “c” и “x”.
|
C |
[ s ] (перед e, i, y) |
medicine, centre, discipline, city, cycle |
|
[ k ] |
doctor, academic, capital, contract, difficult |
|
|
X |
[gz] (перед ударной гласной) |
e′xample, e′xist, e′xact, e′xotic, e′xecutive |
|
[ks] |
Oxford, text, six, expect, except |
5. Прочтите следующие слова.
1. practice, democracy, criticize, civilization, cost
2. ex′clude, six′teen, e′xistence, ′oxygen, e′xamine
6. Прослушайте и повторите за диктором следующие слова. Скажите, сочетание каких букв читается [ f ].
[ f ] – physics, physical, philosophy, photo, telegraph
7. Найдите в строке слова со звуком [ f ]. Прочтите их вслух.
phase, rhythm, phenomenon, three, phonetics
8. Прослушайте и повторите за диктором следующие слова.
|
единственное число |
множественное число |
||
|
thesis basis |
[′θ i:sIs] [′beIsIs] |
theses bases |
[′θ i:si:z] [beIsi:z] |
9. Напишите следующие пары слов в транскрипции и прочтите их вслух. При необходимости воспользуйтесь словарем.
crisis – crises, synthesis – syntheses, analysis – analyses, emphasis – emphases
10. Прослушайте и повторите за диктором следующие слова и словосочетания. Постарайтесь запомнить их значения.
|
1. to enter the University (the Institute) 2. to graduate from the University (the Institute) graduate post-graduate post-graduate course to take a post-graduate course graduation paper 3. examination/exam entrance examinations to take exams to pass exams to fail in an exam 4. department full-time/day department part-time/evening department correspondence/extra-mural department 5. subject obligatory subject optional subject 6. first-year student full-time student part-time student correspondence student 7. scholarship syn. grant 8. a graduation paper (a thesis) to submit a dissertation (a thesis) 9. term 10. dormitory, hostel, hall of residence 11. enterprise 12. to take part in smth syn. to participate 13. to found syn. to establish 14. to equip equipment 15. conveniences |
поступить в университет (институт) окончить университет (институт) выпускник аспирант аспирантура учиться в аспирантуре дипломная работа экзамен вступительные экзамены сдавать экзамены сдать экзамены провалиться на экзамене отделение, кафедра дневное отделение вечернее отделение заочное отделение предмет обязательный предмет факультативный предмет студент 1 курса студент дневного отделения студент вечернего отделения студент-заочник стипендия представить дипломную работу представить диссертацию семестр студенческое общежитие предприятие принимать участие в чем-либо основывать оборудовать оборудование удобства |
11. Прослушайте и повторите за диктором постепенно увеличивающиеся словосочетания. Следите за интонацией.
1. ………………… scientist
……….. Russian scientist
the great Russian scientist
2. ……………………………. economy
..………………… national economy
..……. culture and national economy
fields of culture and national economy
3. ….…………… specialists
…….. qualified specialists
highly qualified specialists
4. …………………………………………………... humanities
…………………………….. natural sciences and humanities
………………. specialists in natural sciences and humanities
…….. qualified specialists in natural sciences and humanities
highly qualified specialists in natural sciences and humanities
5. ……………... laboratories
…... equipped laboratories
well-equipped laboratories
6. ……………………………. conveniences
…………………… modern conveniences
………………... all modern conveniences
dormitories with all modern conveniences
7. ………………………………………... departments
……………………….correspondence departments
………... part-time and correspondence departments
full-time, part-time and correspondence departments
12. Воспроизведите на слух предложения, расширяя их за счет дополнительных компонентов, предлагаемых диктором.
13. Прослушайте текст и постарайтесь понять его содержание.
14. Прочтите утверждения и выберите те из них, которые соответствуют содержанию текста. Воспроизведите выбранные Вами утверждения вслух.
1. The first Moscow University was founded in the 18th century. 2. At first there were music, law, philosophy and philology faculties at the University. 3. Besides full-time and part-time departments there is also a correspondence department at Moscow University. 4. There are 26 faculties at Moscow University. 5. Moscow University trains specialists both in natural sciences and humanities.
15. Найдите существительное, которое может следовать после каждого ряда прилагательных. Прочтите полученные словосочетания.
|
1. western, big, industrial, foreign, developed 2. specialized, physical, modern, technological, research 3. qualified, young, experienced, good, well-known 4. final, entrance, state, terminal, difficult 5. laboratory, additional, research, hard, scientific |
specialists (1) country (2) work (3) institute (4) examination (5) |
16. Прочтите следующие слова и словосочетания. Подберите к словам в правой колонке заголовки из левой колонки.
|
1. Educational establishments |
philosophy, history, the English (German) language, literature, geography (1) |
|
2. Degrees |
physics, chemistry, mathematics, strength of materials, mechanics (2) |
|
3. Natural sciences |
Institutes, Universities, Colleges, Academies, technical schools (3) |
|
4. Humanities |
Doctor, Candidate, Master, Bachelor, Academician (4) |
17. Замените пропущенное в предложении слово предлагаемым в скобках. Прочтите вслух.
|
e.g. |
The first English degree at the faculty of science is … (a) paid, b) called, c) submitted) Bachelor of Science. Ключ: b |
1. Higher school are … (a) taken, b) preferred, c) divided) into Universities, Institutes and Academies. 2. … (a)Academic, b) Research, c) Optional) subjects are taken by the students at all Universities. 3. Students take … (a) final, b) terminal, c) entrance) examinations at the end of each term. 4. Students of our higher schools receive a monthly … (a) grant, b) profession, c) tradition). 5. At the end of studies students present their … (a) graduation papers, b) entrance exams, c) monthly grants).
18. Обратите внимание на значение словосочетаний:
a number of – ряд
a great number of – большое количество
the number of – число (количество)
|
e.g. |
There is … (a) a great number of, b) the number of, c) a number of) Universities in England. Ключ: a; c |
1. … (a) The number of, b) A great number of, c) A number of) foreign students have got their education in our country. 2. … (a) A number of, b) A great number of, c) The number of) young specialists trained at our higher schools for foreign countries is over 160000. 3. A British University consists of … (a) the number of, b) a great number of, c) a number of) colleges. 4. … (a) A great number of, b) The number of, c) A number of) states in the USA is 51. 5. … (a) The number of, b) A number of, c) A great number of) our students visiting Western countries is growing.
19. Прослушайте реплику Вашего собеседника и с помощью предлагаемых в скобках словосочетаний попытайтесь получить у него информацию по интересующему Вас вопросу.
Варианты ответа: I think so; I don’t think so.
|
e.g. |
1. A. There is a number of chemical laboratories at our University. (space research laboratories) B. Is there a number of space research laboratories at your University?
2. A. There are private schools in the USA. (in our country) B. Are there private schools in our country? A. I think so. |
1. A. There is a dormitory near our University.
(a student club)
B. …………………………………………………
A. …………………………………………………
2. A. There is a Computer Centre in the new building of our University.
(printing-house)
B. …………………………………………………
A. …………………………………………………
3. A. There is a full-time post-graduate course at our University.
(extra-mural)
B. …………………………………………………
A. …………………………………………………
4. A. There are ancient Universities in Great Britain.
(modern Universities)
B. …………………………………………………
A. …………………………………………………
5. A. There are many technological Universities in Moscow.
(small towns of our country)
B. …………………………………………………
A. …………………………………………………
6. A. There is a great number of colleges in the USA.
(Great Britain)
B. …………………………………………………
A. …………………………………………………
7. A. There are 4 Institutes at the Moscow State University of Food Production.
(Moscow University)
B. …………………………………………………
A. …………………………………………………
20. Составьте фразы, пользуясь таблицей. Прочтите их вслух.
|
many Universities |
at Oxford University |
||
|
an evening department |
at our University |
||
|
various food enterprises |
among the graduates of our University (Institute) |
||
|
There |
is/are |
one foreign student |
in our country |
|
well-known scientists |
in our group |
||
|
well-equipped laboratories |
|||
|
39 colleges |
|||
|
a wonderful library |
21. Прочтите тексты 1 «А» и 1 «В» и ответьте на вопросы после них.
1 «А»
Our higher schools may be divided into Universities, specialized Institutes and Academies. There are Universities in big industrial cities. At present some major Institutes of the country have got the University status. Classical Universities train highly qualified specialists in various branches of natural sciences and humanities while specialized Institutes, Academies and Technological Universities of our country train specialists for various fields of culture or national economy. Most of them are polytechnic in nature. For example, Food Technological Universities train food technologists for various branches of the food industry as well as economists, managers, mechanical engineers and food machinery designers. At Institutes and Universities students carry on research. Now colleges, gymnasiums and lyceums are being established on the basis of higher schools all over the country. Some of them train entrants to these higher schools, others provide specialized secondary education.
1 «В»
There are Universities and a great number of colleges in Great Britain and in the USA. Most British Universities train specialists in art and science. American Universities train students mostly for business and industry. British Universities grant their own degrees. A British college is a university institution which can’t give its own degrees. London University includes 40 such colleges situated in various parts of London and it grants degrees to them. An American college is a higher school which gives degrees. While in Oxford and Cambridge there is a number of colleges with their own courses of studies where students live, have their meals and study, new British Universities consist of various faculties. Most American Universities have a central campus (Университетский городок) with a great number of various colleges on it. British and American students carry on research at the Universities.
After completing the course of study British and American students get a Bachelor’s degree which corresponds to the Diploma of Higher Education in Russia. After a year of post-graduate study and research young people may get a Master’s degree. Doctor of Philosophy is given for three or more further years of research and the submission of a thesis. It corresponds to the Russian Candidate of Science degree. The highest degree is Doctor of Science which corresponds to the Russian Doctor of Science.
Questions: 1. How are higher schools divided in Russia, Great Britain and the USA? 2. What is the difference between British and American colleges? 3. What are the main degrees at higher schools in Great Britain and the USA? 4. What is your idea of training Bachelors and Masters at your University?
22. Прочтите текст и объясните по-английски, как Вы поняли значение слова “tutor”.
The tutorial system of teaching is typical of Oxford and Cambridge, the most ancient Universities of Great Britain. Every student has a tutor who plans his work. A tutor carries on his own research and directs a group of 10-15 students. Each student is to write papers on the subject he is studying and submit them to the tutor once a week for correction and discussion. The tutor is of great help to his students. He knows all about their life inside and outside the college.
23. Прочтите текст и скажите, отличается ли система обучения в вузах нашей страны от системы обучения в Оксфордском и Кембриджском университетах.
Students of higher schools in our country have lectures and practical hours. They attend lectures on different subjects such as Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry and others and take notes. During practical hours they study the material of the lectures.
Students also make experiments and carry on research in the laboratories and workshops of their Universities. The laboratories of the Universities are equipped with up–to–date apparatuses and there is a library and reading rooms where students can borrow books and journals.
24. 1) Прочтите диалог. Подумайте и решите, кто может вести такой диалог. Представьте собеседников: А - ?, В - ?
2) Скажите по-английски, какая общая проблема беспокоит собеседников. Используйте фразы:
It seems to me that …………………………
I think that ………………………………….
I suppose that ………………………………
To my mind
(по-моему) ………………..
In my opinion
Dialogue
|
A. B. A. B. A. B. A. B. A. B. A. |
|
25. Прочтите следующие утверждения. Выразите свое согласие или несогласие с ними, используя следующие слова и словосочетания.
|
Agreement |
Disagreement |
|
Exactly That’s right I quite agree It’s perfectly true Certainly I think so |
I can’t agree On the contrary By no means I don’t think so It isn’t true That’s wrong |
1. A tutor is a sort of consultation given to British students. 2. An obligatory subject is the subject taken by the student if he is interested in it. 3. A college is the place where British students live, have their meals and study. 4. A British University is a great number of colleges and other institutions. 5. A freshman is a student who is in his first year. 6. A tutorial system is the course which trains scientists. 7. An optional subject is the subject the student is to study at the Institute. 8. A scholarship is the aid of the government to the students.
27. Прочтите цитату и выразите свое отношение к ней. Скажите по-английски, что вы знаете об авторе цитаты.
“The roots of education are bitter, but the fruit is sweet”.
(Aristotle)
28. Представьте, что сейчас состоится встреча наших студентов со студентами из Великобритании или США. Проведите беседу об образовании в Ваших странах (часть группы выступает в роли наших студентов, остальные – иностранцы). Предварительно обсудите, какие вопросы Вы хотели бы задать иностранным студентам и о чем бы хотели обязательно рассказать. В процессе обсуждения можно делать пометки.
INSTITUTE. STUDENTS’ LIFE
1. Прослушайте и повторите за диктором следующие слова, обращая внимание на ударение в них.
′final, re′sult, ′football, ma′chine, ′product, pro′ductive, cons′truction, ′faculty, ′specialist, cyber′netics, microbi′ology, ′biotech′nology.
2. Прочтите следующие слова.
′modern, ′concert, i′dea, ′programme, ′popular, de′partment, ′industry, in′dustrial, la′boratory, physi′ology.
3. Прослушайте и повторите за диктором следующие слова и словосочетания. Постарайтесь запомнить их значения.
|
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. |
institute the Institute of Food Technology and Production Management the Institute of Equipment, Automation and Information Technologies the Institute of Economics and Business Management the Institute of Management, Quality, Safety and Ecology of Food Enterprises director dean dean’s office shop tool assignment to have breakfast to have lunch to have dinner hard hard to deliver lectures to prepare for syn. to read for to deal (dealt, dealt) with to equip vacation syn. Holidays leisure construction site |
Институт Институт технологии и производ-ственного менеджмента Институт оборудования, автомати-зации и информационных техноло-гий Институт экономики и предприни-мательства Институт управления, качества, безопасности и экологии предпри-ятий продуктов питания директор декан деканат мастерская станок, инструмент задание завтракать обедать ужинать упорно твердый, тяжелый читать лекции готовиться к иметь дела, рассматривать вопрос оборудовать каникулы, отпуск досуг строительная площадка |
4. Прослушайте и повторите за диктором постепенно увеличивающиеся словосочетания. Следите за интонацией.
1. …………………………………. industry
……………………. branches of industry
……………. various branches of industry
designers for various branches of industry
2. ……………………………………………. Management
………………………………... Production Management
………………. Technology and Production Management
the Institute of Technology and Production Management
3. ……………………………………………..................... Technologies
……………………………......................... Information Technologies
………………………….. Automation and Information Technologies
....................... Equipment, Automation and Information Technologies
the Institute of Equipment, Automation and Information Technologies
4. ………………………………………… Management
………………………………. Business Management
……………... Economics and Business Management
the Institute of Economics and Business Management
5. …………………………………………………………………….. Enterprises
………………………………………………………………. Food Enterprises
………………………….. ………………… ….. Ecology of Food Enterprises
……………………………………… Safety and Ecology of Food Enterprises
…………………………….. Quality, Safety and Ecology of Food Enterprises
……….…….. Management, Quality, Safety and Ecology of Food Enterprises
the Institute of Management, Quality, Safety and Ecology of Food Enterprises
6. ………………………………………. tools
…………………….. instruments and tools
……………. modern instruments and tools
to equip with modern instruments and tools
7. ……………………….. machines
……………… kinds of machines
…………... all kinds of machines
to deal with all kinds of machines
5. Воспроизведите на слух предложения, расширяя их за счет дополнительных компонентов, предлагаемых диктором.
6. Прослушайте текст и постарайтесь понять его содержание.
7. Прочтите утверждения и выберите то из них, которое соответствует содержанию текста. Воспроизведите выбранное Вами утверждение вслух.
This text is about:
1. a first-year student of the Moscow State University of Food Production;
2. a first-year student of the Institute of Industrial Arts;
3. a graduate of the Moscow University.
8. Найдите ряд существительных, которые могут следовать после данных глаголов. Прочтите полученные словосочетания.
|
1. to study at, to work at 2. to take, to have 3. to miss, to attend 4. to equip, to head |
a lecture, a game, classes (1) the Institute, the department, the faculty, the University (2) exams, books, notes (3) a plant, a laboratory, a food enterprise (4) |
9. Прочтите следующие слова и словосочетания. Подберите к словосочетаниям в правой колонке название раздела, к которому они относятся, из левой колонки.
|
1. Studies 2. Meals 3. Leisure |
to travel over the country, to go to the cinema, to listen to the radio, to watch TV programmes, to attend college games (1) to work hard, to prepare for exams, to attend classes, to study subjects, to do the home assignment (2) to have sandwiches for breakfast, to prefer juices, to take strong tea with lemon, to drink a cup of black coffee, to like chocolate (3) |
10. Заполните пропуски в предложениях словами, предлагаемыми в скобках. Прочтите предложения вслух.
|
e.g. |
The laboratories of our Institute are …(a) equipped, b) made, c) found) with modern instruments. Ключ: a |
1. Food Universities … (a) train, b) head, c) teach) specialists for the food industry. 2. Graduates of our University work at various … (a) departments, b) construction sites, c) enterprises) of the food industry. 3. Many students from western countries spend their … (a) exams, b) studies, c) vacation) abroad. 4. Students carry on research at … (a) scientific, b) social, c) political) circles of higher schools. 5. English students are … (a) busy with, b) fond of, c) keen on) foot-ball and racing. 6. Well-known professors … (a) miss, b) attend, c) deliver) lectures at our University. 7. Students … (a) borrow, b) combine, c) carry on) books from the University library.
11. Прочтите утверждения. Кратко выразите ту же мысль относительно объектов, предлагаемых в скобках. Используйте модели.
|
I am a first-year student. (we) Я – студент первого курса. So are we. И мы тоже. |
|
I don’t like mathematics. (my brother) Я не люблю математику. Neither does my brother. Nor does my brother. И мой брат тоже. |
1. Students of our University study foreign languages. (students of other Universities). 2. Football is very popular in America. (baseball). 3. Every year in April the Departments of our University hold the Student Research Conference. (the Foreign Languages Department). 4. I don’t get to the Institute by metro. (my friend). 5. Mathematics and physics are not difficult for me. (the English language).
12. Прочтите диалог. Как вы думаете, по какой форме обучения занимаются Виктор и Борис.
|
Victor: Boris: Victor: Boris: Victor: Boris: Victor: |
Hello, Bob, old chap! Haven’t seen you for ages! Neither have I! Hello! Very glad to see you again. So am I. Tell me, old boy, what have you been doing here? When I saw you last time you looked so tired as if you were solving a serious problem. Right you are, Bob! I’m a student of Tver Polytechnical Institute. They send me a great number of written assignments and say that everything must be done in time. I am very busy, you know. So am I! The difference is that you don’t have to attend classes three times a week as I do. As for me I prefer the way of studies I have chosen. There are pros and cons (за и против) in every situation. Hope to meet you again. |
13. Прослушайте диалог. Как Вы думаете, интересные ли лекции читает профессор Браун. Подтвердите вашу точку зрения. Воспроизведите диалог в паре со своим товарищем.
14. Составьте утверждения, используя образец и таблицу.
It takes smb some time to do smth |
It |
me |
a few days |
to get to the University |
|
|
you |
15 minutes |
to read “Gone with the Wind” in English |
||
|
takes |
my friend |
much time |
||
|
took |
a good student |
little time |
to read for the exam in Strength of Materials |
|
|
will take |
my mother |
two week |
to study the intensive English course |
|
|
an hour and a half |
to cook breakfast |
|||
|
only 24 lessons |
15. Скажите, ответом на какие вопросы являются следующие реплики. Меняйтесь ролями.
I. A. How many …?
B. There are three terms in the academic year at British colleges.
A. What …?
B. They are: the autumn term – from the beginning of October to the middle of December, the spring term – from the middle of January to the end of March and the summer term – from the middle of April to the end of June or the beginning of July.
A. What terms …?
B. At our higher schools it consists of the autumn and spring terms.
II. B. What specialists …?
A. The Moscow State University of Food Production trains specialists for enterprises of food, microbiological, medical, machine-building industries, agriculture and other fields of economy.
B. Who works …?
A. Academicians, Professors, Associate Professors and Assistants do.
B. How many …?
A. There are 45 Departments at the University.
16. Ответьте на вопросы своего собеседника.
A. What Institute do you study at?
B. …………………………………………………………
A. When do you take exams?
B. …………………………………………………………
A. Does the University of Food Production train specialists for foreign countries too?
B. …………………………………………………………
A. What is the length of the course of studies at the University?
B. …………………………………………………………
A. Where do students carry on research?
B. …………………………………………………………
17. Прочтите шутку и ответьте на вопрос после нее.
At a Lecture
The Professor is delivering the final lecture of the term. He speaks a lot about the fact that every student will have to spend much time on the preparation for the examinations.
“The examination papers are now in the hands of the printer”, he says.
“Are there any questions?”
The students keep silent. Suddenly one of the students asks: “Who is the printer?”
to print – печатать
Question: Why did the student ask: “Who is the printer?”
18. Прочтите утверждения. Дополните их, используя предлагаемую модель и словосочетания в скобках.
|
to be going to do something – собираться делать что-либо |
e.g. We shall have an exam in physics in two days (to prepare for it).
We are going to prepare for it.
1. Many students of our country have been invited to the western countries (to study there). 2. The British do not like the system of higher education in their country (to reform it). 3. I have failed in Higher Mathematics (to take the exam again soon). 4. Mr. Brown is interviewing the American students (to write on American sports).
19. Прочтите диалог между студентом Сергеем и его английским другом-студентом Алланом.
|
Allan: Sergei: Allan: |
Where are you going to spend your vacation? At present I have no idea. I am going to work somewhere first and then I’ll think it over. And how do your fellow-students and you spend holidays? We have a special form which we give to the students before holiday time comes. Here it is. |
|
How are you going to spend your holiday? Location: in your country//abroad//in the mountains//by the sea//in a village/ Activities: swimming//sailing//sunbathing//sightseeing/ Place to stay: rented rooms//with friends or relations//hotel//camping/ Travel: by air//by train//by sea//by bicycle//by car/ Month: July//August/ |
When we get the results the students with common interests arrange a get-together and plan their holiday.
Sergei: That’s really a very good idea!
20. Изучите анкету и попробуйте найти себе друзей по интересам для отдыха во время каникул. Задайте своим товарищам вопросы, используя образец и материалы анкеты.
|
e.g. |
1. Are you going to spend vacation in the country? 2. Who is going to spend vacation traveling by car? |
21. Прочтите утверждения. Скажите, каким видом спорта увлекаются и занимаются студенты. Используйте модели.
|
to be fond of sports – увлекаться спортом |
|
to go in for sports – заниматься спортом |
e.g. Pavel likes swimming and skiing.
1. Pavel is fond of swimming and skiing.
2. Pavel goes in for swimming and skiing.
1. Sergei is a football and hockey-player. 2. American students prefer football and baseball. 3. Allan and John are members of an English rugby team. 4. Every year students at Oxford and Cambridge take part in boat racing. 5. Alexander takes part in body-building championships. 6. Nadya is rather good at gymnastics. 7. Bart is the record holder in boxing at the University.
22. Прочтите диалог и скажите, каким видом спорта увлекается и занимается Борис. Используйте вышеуказанные модели.
Alexei: - What kind of sports do you go in for?
Boris: - Try to guess by asking me questions.
Alexei: - All right. Please, tell me, do you need gloves?
Boris: - No, I don’t. I am not a boxer.
Alexei: - Do you go in for indoor or outdoor sports?
Boris: - Sometimes indoor and sometimes outdoor ones.
Alexei: - Do you need a ball? Are you a basket-ball player?
Boris: - No, I don’t. I am not a basket-ball player.
Alexei: - Do you need a ball and a racket?
Boris: - Yes, I do.
23. Проведите игру со своими друзьями. Попробуйте догадаться, каким видом спорта увлекается и занимается Ваш преподаватель, Ваш товарищ по группе.
24. Прочтите текст и ответьте на вопросы после него.
Sporting activities at Oxford and Cambridge are numerous. The most popular sport is rowing (гребля). Rowing a boat with eight oars (весла) or with four oars was first started in England in the 18th century. At that time the boats took part in festivals on the river Thames.
In the 19th century people started to use the boats for racing not only in London on the Thames but also in the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge. The first Boat Race between Oxford and Cambridge was held in 1829.
Nearly every year since then there has been a Boat Race between these two Universities. It is held in London on the Thames during the Easter (пасхальный) vacation at the end of March or the beginning of April.
On Boat Race Saturday the banks and bridges of the Thames are full of people. Some of them wear dark-blue ribbons (ленты) for Oxford and some wear pale-blue ones for Cambridge.
Questions:
1. When was the first Boat Race between Oxford and Cambridge held? 2. Where and when is the Boat Race between the two Universities usually held? 3. What is the Boat Race like?
25. Скажите по-английски, какие соревнования проходят в Вашем университете и есть ли среди студентов Вашего университета известные спортсмены.
26. Прослушайте текст, состоящий из двух частей. Скажите, что общего и какая разница в увлечениях и времяпровождении молодых людей разных групп.
27. Обсудите со своим товарищем, что бы Вы и он предпочли: спектакль – в театре или дома (по TV); фильм – в кинотеатре или дома (по TV, video, DVD); спортивные соревнования – дома (по TV) или на стадионе.
28. Прочтите текст. Найдите в нем ответ на вопрос: What students’ societies are there at Cambridge and which one is the most popular?
There are over a hundred societies and clubs. There are religious societies and a society for those who don’t believe, political, sporting and dramatic societies. There is even one for people with beards. Perhaps the most popular is the Debating Society at which students debate political and other questions with famous politicians and writers.
beard – борода
29. Скажите по-английски, какие клубы есть в Вашем университете и являетесь ли Вы членом какого-нибудь из них.
30. Как Вы знаете, в МГУПП ежегодно проводится «День открытых дверей». Представьте, что Вашу группу попросили выступить перед абитуриентами. Кроме того, что каждому из Вас придется дать основные сведения об университете, кто-то должен рассказать об обычном рабочем дне студента, кто-нибудь расскажет об отдыхе студентов после занятий и во время каникул и т.д.
KEYS
Раздел 1.
9. 1 – 2, 3, 5; 2 – 1, 4; 3 – 2, 3, 4; 4 – 1, 4, 5; 5 – 1, 3, 5; 6 – 2, 4, 5; 7 – 2, 4; 8 – 2, 3, 4; 9 – 1, 2, 4; 10 – 2, 4, 5
14. a; 16. 1-2; 2-5; 3-4; 4-6; 5-3, 5; 6-1; 17. 1-3; 2-1; 3-2; 18. 1-b; 2-a; 3-a, c; 4-a; 5-b.
Раздел 2.
14. – 1, 3, 5; 15. – 1-2; 2-4; 3-1; 4-5; 5-3; 16. – 1-3; 2-4; 3-2; 4-1; 17. – 1-c; 2-c; 3-b; 4-a; 5-a; 18. - 1-b, c; 2-c; 3- c; 4-b, 5-a.
Раздел 3.
7. – 2; 8. – 1-2; 2-3; 3-1; 4-4; 9. – 1-2; 2-3; 3-1; 10. – 1-a; 2- c; 3-c; 4-a; 5-b, c; 6-c; 7-a.
АУДИРОВАНИЕ
Материал для преподавателя
Раздел 1
12. Воспроизведите на слух предложения, расширяя их за счет дополнительных компонентов, предлагаемых диктором.
e.g. Speaker: Schools first started in Egypt.
Student: Schools first started in Egypt.
Speaker: 5000 year ago.
Student: Schools first started in Egypt 5000 year ago.
Speaker (ключ): Schools first started in Egypt 5000 year ago.
1. Speaker: The first teachers were mothers and fathers.
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker: in Egypt
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker (ключ): In Egypt the first teachers were mothers and fathers.
2. Speaker: A special teacher taught reading in Athens.
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker: writing and literature
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker (ключ): A special teacher taught reading, writing and literature in
Athens.
3. Speaker: In China the education was organized according to social classes.
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker: until the 19th century
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker (ключ): Until the 19th century in China the education was organized according to social classes.
4. Speaker: The ideas of Greek philosophers influenced European education.
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker: especially secondary and university education
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker (ключ): The ideas of Greek philosophers influenced European education especially secondary and university education.
13. Прослушайте текст и постарайтесь понять его содержание.
As long as we live we continue to learn. The education helps us to continue learning. We learn to read and write and we learn many of the essential facts about the world.
The first teachers were fathers and mothers, but very early in the history of man other people began to teach children. Schools first started in Egypt 5000 to 6000 years ago. The invention of writing made them necessary. Writing made it possible to store up knowledge which grew with each generation. Specially trained people began to teach writing to the children.
Раздел 2
12. Воспроизведите на слух предложения, расширяя их за счет дополнительных компонентов, предлагаемых диктором.
1. Speaker: Our higher schools train highly qualified specialists.
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker: for national economy
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker (ключ): Our higher schools train highly qualified specialists for national economy.
2. Speaker: The tuition is high at some Universities of Russia.
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker: and western countries
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker (ключ): The tuition is high at some Universities of Russia and western countries.
3. Speaker: Students can borrow books from the University library.
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker: and journals
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker (ключ): Students can borrow books and journals from the University library.
13. Прослушайте текст и постарайтесь понять его содержание.
Moscow University is one of the largest in the world. It is the scientific centre of the city. The University was founded by the great Russian scientist M. Lomonosov in 1755. At first there were only three faculties at the University-philosophy, medicine and law. There are 18 faculties there now. There are full-time, part-time and correspondence departments at the University. Moscow University trains highly qualified specialists both in natural sciences and humanities. Moscow University has research institutes, experimental stations, well-equipped laboratories, observatories, museums, a botanical garden. Students live in dormitories with all modern conveniences.
Раздел 3
5. Воспроизведите на слух предложения, расширяя их за счет дополнительных компонентов, предлагаемых диктором.
1. Speaker: I am a full-time student.
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker: of the Moscow State University of Food Production
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker (ключ): I am a full-time student of the Moscow State University of Food Production.
2. Speaker: Experienced teachers work at our University.
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker: and well-known professors
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker (ключ): Experienced teachers and well-known professors work at our University.
3. Speaker: Students work at various laboratories.
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker: equipped with modern instruments
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker (ключ): Students work at various laboratories equipped with modern instruments.
4. Speaker: Our Institute trains designers.
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker: for various branches of industry
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker (ключ): Our Institute trains designers for various branches of industry.
5. Speaker: Students carry on research.
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker: at scientific circles of the University
Student: ……………………………………………………..
Speaker (ключ): Students carry on research at scientific circles of the University.
6. Прослушайте текст и постарайтесь понять его содержание.
I am a first-year student of one of the Moscow Institutes. Our Institute trains artists and designers for various branches of industry and culture. There are four faculties at our Institute. At the Institute I study a lot of subjects such as history of arts, higher mathematics, chemistry and many others among which there is also a foreign language and physical training. After graduating from the Institute I’ll be able to work as a designer at a plant, a factory or a research Institute.
13. Прослушайте диалог. Как вы думаете, интересные ли лекции читает профессор Браун. Подтвердите вашу точку зрения. Воспроизведите диалог в паре со своим товарищем.
Tom: I like the lectures on Mathematics given by Professor Brown.
Dick: So do I.
Tom: I haven’t missed a single lecture.
Dick: Neither have I. I take notes of all his lectures. So does John. He doesn’t miss a single word.
Tom: Neither do I.
26. Прослушайте текст, состоящий из двух частей. Скажите, что общего и какая разница в увлечениях и времяпровождении молодых людей разных групп.
I. At leisure time young people go to the cinemas, theatres, concert halls and museums and clubs. Most people like to dance in discoes, some go to video-saloons. Those who are fond of sports join sport clubs such as football, volley-ball, skiing and others. Tennis is very popular now and many young people go to the tennis courts.
II. But some people prefer to stay at home. They are fond of reading and watching TV programmes. Those who like music listen to various concerts of modern and old music, new and old songs over the radio and see dances on TV. Those who are fond of sports watch football, hockey or tennis matches. Some like to watch video-films with their friends.
27. Обсудите со своим товарищем, что бы Вы и он предпочли: спектакль – в театре или дома (по TV); фильм – в кинотеатре или дома (по TV, video, DVD); спортивные соревнования – дома (по TV) или на стадионе.
Кафедра «Иностранные языки»
Мордвинцева Татьяна Георгиевна
Стороженко Валентина Анатольевна
Считка и редакция авторские