Если у вас возникли сложности с курсовой, контрольной, дипломной, рефератом, отчетом по практике, научно-исследовательской и любой другой работой - мы готовы помочь.
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Контрольная работа № 1.
Направление 031600 «Реклама связи с общественностью»
Направление 030300 «Психология»
Направление 034700 «Документоведение и архивоведение»
Направление 100700 «Торговое дело»
I курс
I семестр
1. Выполнение контрольной работы № 1 и №2
2. Защита вышеупомянутой контрольной работы.
3. Выполнение грамматических заданий из учебников А.С. Восковская, Т.А. Карпова, Английский язык для ВУЗов, изд. второе, дополненное и переработанное, Ростов – на - Дону, «Феникс» 2007 г.-349 с. или Андрианова Л.И., Курс английского языка для вечерних и заочных вузов: Учеб. пособие / Л.И. Андрианова. – 5-е изд. перераб. и доп. – М.: Высш. шк., 2002. – 463с.
Контрольное задание предлагается в четырех вариантах. Номер варианта выбирается следующим образом. Если последняя цифра номера зачетной книжки студента 1, 2 или 3 — вариант I; 4, 5 или 6 — вариант II; 7 или 8 — вариант III; 9 или 0 — вариант IV.
Контрольная работа должна быть выполнена в отдельной тетради. На обложке тетради необходимо указать: факультет, курс, номер группы, фамилию, имя и отчество, дату, номер контрольного задания и вариант.
Первую страницу необходимо оставить чистой для замечаний и рецензии преподавателя.
Все предлагаемые к выполнению задания (включая текст на английском языке) переписываются на левой стороне разворота тетради, а выполняются на правой.
Контрольная работа должна быть написана четким подчерком, для замечаний преподавателя следует оставить поля.
Контрольная работа, выполненная не полностью или не отвечающая вышеприведенным требованиям, не проверяется и не засчитывается.
Проверенная контрольная работа должна быть переработана студентом (та часть ее, где содержатся ошибки и неточности перевода) в соответствии с замечаниями и методическими указаниями преподавателя. В той же тетради следует выполнить «Работу над ошибками», представив ее на защите контрольной работы.
Грамматические темы.
Местоимения (личные, притяжательные, объектные)
Глагол to be, to have
Указательные местоимения
Множественное число существительных
Притяжательный падеж существительных
Оборот there is/there are
Предлоги направления и места
Прилагательные, степени сравнения прилагательных
Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты
Вариант 1
1. Прочитайте текст и письменно ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. Charles Dickens was born in 1812 in Portsmouth, where his father was the oldest of a large family, eight in all. He got his education at a small day-school and from his mother, who was a well-educated woman. In 1821 the Dickens family moved to London. Mr. Dickens was heavily in debt. The few possessions that they had were sold one by one, and fi nally Mr. Dickens was taken to prison for debt. Later Mrs. Dickens and the younger children went to the prison, to join their father. Charles got a job at a blacking factory in the East End of London. He was lonely and hungry and hated the coarse, rough boys with whom he had to work.
2. Soon his fortunes took a turn for the better. He was able to enter a lawyer's office. He learned shorthand and was able to do some reporting in the House of Commons for newspapers. In 1834 he was taken on the staff of a newspaper, The Morning Chronicle. In 1836 "Pickwick Papers" came into being. At one stride Dickens became the most popular living novelist and held this position until his death. The rest can be told in a few words. He poured out novel after novel - "Oliver Twist", "Nickolas Nickleby", "The Old Curiosity Shop", "David Copperfield", and «A Tale of Two Cities". At the same time he was editing newspapers and magazines, giving readings from his books to huge crowds of people and writing constantly. It was the excitement of these readings and the strain of his continual work that brought about his sudden death in 1870. He was bur ied in Westminster Abbey.
3. There is no other novelist in England who had such a hold on all classes of people. Charles Dickens's books are read by all - by learned and simple, by rich and poor people alike. He was the writer who loved his fellow-men. His kindly, humorous, understanding eye looked with tolerance on good and bad alike. His characters are more real to us than the characters of any other novelist, English or foreign.
2. Переведите в письменной форме абзацы 2, 3.
3. Напишите предложения в вопросительной, а затем в отрицательной форме и переведите их на русский язык:
1. Mary and Ann are friends.
2. There are some English books on my desk.
3. They have got a nice house in the country.
4. There was a chair near the table.
5. Jane is my uncle’s wife.
1. That pen … black. 2. … this book good? 3. There … three cups on the table. 4. There … a desk, a sofa, a wardrobe and two armchairs in my room. 5. We usually … got much work to do. 6. Jane … got a lot of children.
1. Please, take that thick book … the table, Kate. 2. Fred is … home now. 3. Open your book … page 20, please. 4. Tom is … the blackboard. 5. Please, don`t go … there. 6. Whose exercise- books are … the table? 7. Please, go … the desk, Nick, and sit …. 8. Where is Jack? – He is over there. He`s looking … the statue. 9. Mary, write the new words … the blackboard, please. 10. The chairs are … the table.
1. Your room is (cold) than mine. 2. Their flat is (expensive) than ours. 3. His article is (good) in our class. 4. English grammar is (easy) than Russian grammar. 5. Peter is (tall) boy in our class. 6. Which of you is (short)? 7. Are the streets in Moscow (clean) now than they were a few years ago?
7. Заполните пропуски в предложениях, используя модальные глаголы can, must, may, should, have to и их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Nina is ill. She … stay in bed. 2. Drivers … stop when they see the red light. 3. Betty asked: “… I open the window?” 4. Mary is free tonight. She … go to the disco. 5. You … read the text again. 6. Who … translate this sentence? 7. You … go to Moscow by train or by plane. 8. Don’t wait for him. He … be late. 9. My mother is out. I … to stay at home with my little brother.
Вариант 2
Прочитайте текст и ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. What is Shakespeare famous for?
2. What is Shakespeare’s major achievement as a poet?
3. How can you define a sonnet?
4. What themes do Shakespeare’s sonnets deal with?
1. William Shakespeare is the greatest of all playwrights and poets in the world. Not much is known of his life. He was probably the son of a busi nessman and was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. He at tended the local grammar school and got a classical education. In 1582 he married Anne Hathaway and had three children. Little is known of his life before 1592, when he appeared as a playwright in London. Soon he be came an actor playing supporting roles like the ghost in "Hamlet". In 1599 Shakespeare became a part owner of the Globe Theatre in London.
2. Shakespeare's work as a playwright is subdivided into three periods. Written in the first period, Shakespeare's plays are mostly historic plays like "Henry VI", and comedies with strong elements of farce ("The Com edy of Errors"). His masterpiece of this period is "Romeo and Juliet".
3. In the second period Shakespeare wrote a number of comedies where he moved away from farce towards romance ("As You Like It"). In the third period, after 1600, his major tragedies - "Hamlet", "Othello" appeared. They presented a clear opposition of order to chaos, good to evil.
4. Shakespeare was a great poet. His major achievement as a poet is his sonnets, first published in 1609. A sonnet is a poem consisting of 14 lines, with a moral at the end. The sonnets are addressed to some "W. H." and to the mysterious "Dark Lady of Sonnets". The sonnets deal with the great themes of love, friend ship, death, change and immortality. Shakespeare's sonnets are excellent. They are full of harmony and music; they praise love, friendship and beauty, though there is no sentimentality in them.
5. Shakespeare's poetry is at the summit of human achievements. Many centuries have passed since his death in 1616, but Shakespeare is still con sidered to be the greatest of all playwrights and poets.
2. Переведите в письменной форме абзацы 1, 4, 5.
3. Напишите предложения в вопросительной, а затем в отрицательной форме и переведите их на русский язык:
1. Ben and John are the best students in our class.
2. This magazine is very interesting.
3. He has got a very expensive car.
4. There were two beds in my room.
5. This is my brother’s flat.
1. The door … our room is white. 2. Peter is sitting … the window. 3. Let`s go … the disco. 4. May I come …? 4. The blackboard is … the wall … our classroom. 5. They are looking … him. 6. Give me a piece … chalk, please. 7. Don`t go … there. 8. He usually goes … home after his classes. 9. She comes … home always in time. 10. Could you tell me how to get … the Trafalgar Square?
1. Is Moscow (large) than London or (small)? 2. My friend is (old) than me. 3. Which is the (short) month of the year? 4. This work is (important) than that work. 5. My suitcase is (heavy) than yours. 6. This is a lovely dress, but it’s (expensive) than that one. 7. It’s (bad) day of my life.
7. . Заполните пропуски в предложениях, используя модальные глаголы can, must, may, should, have to и их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Betty asked her father: “… I go to the concert tonight?” 2. Alec is a good student. He … speak English well. 3. There is no ink in my pen. … I write with a pencil. 4. You … do what your doctor says. 5. She … study much if she wants to pass her English exam well. 6. He … to stay at home because his mother is ill. 7. “… I come in?” 8. You … read the article. It’s very interesting. 9. “… I take your book”. “No, you … not. I need it.” 10. I don’t remember this book. I … to reread it.
Вариант 3
Прочитайте текст и ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. What is Ray Bradbury famous for?
2. What literary genre do Ray Bradbury’s works belong to?
3. How can science fiction be defined?
4. What are the major themes of Ray Bradbury’s writing?
1. Ray Douglas Bradbury, a prominent American science fiction writer, was born in Illinois in 1920, but mostly lived in Los Angeles, California. There he graduated from a high school, where he put out a school magazine entitled "Future Fantasies". His first story was published in 1941. Since then he had got a lot of national awards. Among his works we find "Dark Carnival" (1947), "The Martian Chroni cles" (1950), "Fahrenheit 451°" (1953) and a lot of others. Most of his publications are volumes of collected short stories.
2. Bradbury's works belong to science fiction that is fiction in which scientific discoveries and developments form an element of the plot or the background. Besides, very often works of science fiction are based on future possibilities. In science fiction the impossible is presented as pos sible. A science fiction writer may carry his characters, and consequently the reader, into a remote future and prehistoric past or to unknown worlds.
3. The beginning of science fiction is associated with the names of Joules Verne in France, Herbert Wells in Britain, Edgar Рое in the United States. The first decades were marked by the increase of science fiction produc tion. Gradually it formed a branch of fiction of its own. Its final estab lishment as a literary genre was completed in the middle of the 20th cen tury after the World War II, thanks to scientific discoveries of the time.
4. Themes of Ray Bradbury's writing are extremely various, they com prise earthly affairs and space traveling. His literary credo is "to make the commonplace miraculous, to make the miraculous commonplace", for "there is a bit of the known in the unknown". This approach enables Ray Bradbury to remain a realistic writer, no matter how fantastic the plots or backgrounds of his stories may be. He is not so much interested in tech nology and scientific developments as in man's psychology. His dreams of the future are actually warnings; his books are noted for their psycho logical approach to his characters.
2. Переведите в письменной форме абзацы 2, 4.
3. Напишите предложения в вопросительной, а затем в отрицательной форме и переведите их на русский язык:
1. He is our cousin.
2. There are some flowers on the window.
3. My sister has got two children.
4. There were rugs on the floor.
5. Her son’s name is Tom.
1. This boy … my brother. 2. … this their office? 3. There … a lot of toys under the table. 4. There … two chairs and a table in his study. 5. When do you usually … dinner. 6. She … a lot of work to do last week.
1. How did you get … there? 2. Don’t go … that room, please. 3. Go … the blackboard, please. 4. When does your son come … home? 5. He is going … write … me … a week. 6. When do you usually get … the office? 7. They often give … me books to read. 8. Mary, give these books … Jack, please. 9. They returned … home in the evening. 10. I lived near my office last year. I always walked … there.
1. Is it (dark) in our room than in theirs? 2. February is (short) month of the year. 3. That book is difficult for you. Take this one. It’s (easy). 4. Are you (young) than your sister? 5. This is (interesting) film I have ever seen. 6. It was (good) day of my life. 7. What is (short) way to Westminster Abbey?
7. . Заполните пропуски в предложениях, используя модальные глаголы can, must, may, should, have to и их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. You … not smoke in the dining- room. 2. Little children … go to bed early. 3. Mary … to make a very important decision. 4. … you come to my place tomorrow. 5. If you are ill, you … consult a doctor. 6. They … learn the new words regularly. 7. I don’t know exactly if we … come at 6 o’clock.
8. Children … to play in the garden tomorrow. 9. You … open the window, it’s hot here. 10. … you speak English five years ago?
Вариант 4
Прочитайте текст и ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. What were Whitman’s occupations early in his life?
3. Why was his book criticized?
1. Walt Whitman is considered to be the one of the greatest Ameri can poets. He was born in 1819. Early in his life he worked as a printer, a teacher, a newspaper editor and a carpenter. By 1814 he had become a full-time journalist, editing successfully several papers and writing prose and verse for various journals.
2. In 1855 he published a volume of 12 poems called "Leaves of Grass". The poet continued to enlarge and revise his book through a number of editions until his death. His poems "Leaves of Grass" were unconventional in both content and technique. His book was innovative in its use of rhythmical free verse. The book was criticized because of Whitman's exaltation of the body and sexual love, and also because of the unusual verse form. The volume was prefaced by a statement of his theories of poetry. It included the poem later known as "Song of Myself.” In this poem the author proclaimed himself as a symbolic repre sentative of common people.
3. Although the book was a commercial failure, critics recognized a bold new voice in poetry. Emerson was one of the few intellectuals to praise Whitman's work, writing him a famous congratulating letter. In time the book proved to be the most influential volume of poems in American literary history.
4. During the Civil War Whitman worked as a nurse. He also published war poetry in "Drum-Taps" and other collections of poems. In 1873 he had a stroke and lived in a semi-invalid state.
5. In his works Walt Whitman celebrated the freedom of the man. He praised democracy and brotherhood of men. Walt Whitman inspired later poets to the experimentation in verse.
2. Переведите в письменной форме абзацы 2, 3.
3. Напишите предложения в вопросительной, а затем в отрицательной форме и переведите их на русский язык:
1. They were famous singers before.
2. There is a good article in this newspaper.
3. He has got a large family.
4. There were eight books on the shelves.
5. This is their parents` flat.
4. Заполните пропуски соответствующей формой глагола to be, to have.
1. Those doors … black. 2. … these their children? 3. There … a mistake in my test. 4. There … three pens, two pencils and a book on her desk. 5. I … free time today. Let’s go to the park. 6. They … a dictation yesterday.
1. Where are you going …? 2. Please, come …. 3. Who do you usually go … home …? 4. A lot … students go … college every year. 5. Peter is going … hospital … two days. 6. My friend wrote … me very often last year. 7. The students usually go … home … classes. 8. How often do you go … the theatre? 9. The Browns often go … the country … the week- end. 10. I prefer to live … the country in summer.
1. Which of you is (good) at playing chess? 2. His English is (bad) than mine. 3. She is (clever) girl in our class. 4. Which month(s) are (long) than April? 5. It was (difficult) work I have ever done. 6. Her house is (old) than ours. 7. Tell me (funny) story you know.
7. . Заполните пропуски в предложениях, используя модальные глаголы can, must, may, should, have to и их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The girl … read now, but she … not write. 2. … you help me, please. 3. … you … to walk 50 kilometres a day? 4. Have you finished the work yet? … I have a look at it? 5. I … not go to the theatre with them last night, I … to revise grammar rules and the words for the test. 6. All of us … be in time for classes. 7. I’m glad you … come. 8. … he … to read this book by Monday. 9. … I take your pen for a minute? 10. I think you … go out for a walk every evening.
Контрольная работа №2
I курс
1 семестр
Вариант 1
1. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на следующие вопросы:
Every morning, billionaire Milton Petrie walked from his New York apartment and bought a newspaper from the ragged old man on the street corner. One morning the man wasn’t there. Petrie learned that he was very ill in the city hospital. Immediately he paid his hospital bill and later, when the man died, paid for his funeral.
The old man was just one of many people that Milton Petrie helped with his money. Whenever he read about personal disasters in his newspaper Petrie sent generous cheques, especially to the families of policemen or fireman injured at work. He also sent cheques to a mother who lost five children in the fire, and a beautiful model, whose face was cut in a knife attack. It cost him millions of dollars, but he still had millions left. He said that he was lucky in business and he wanted to help those less fortunate than himself. “The nice thing is, the harder I work, the more money I make, and the more people I can help.”
Milton Petrie died in 1994, when he was 92. His will was 120 pages long because he left $ 150 million to 383 people. His widow, Carroll, his fourth and last wife, said his generosity was a result of poverty of his early years. His family were poor but kindhearted. His father was a Russian immigrant who became a policeman, but he never arrested anyone, he was too kind. He couldn’t ever give a parking ticket.
Henrietta (Hetty) Green was a very spoilt, only child. She was born in Massachusetts, USA, in 1835. Her father was a millionaire businessman. Her mother was often ill, and so from the age of two her father took her with him to work and taught her about stocks and shares. At the age of six she started reading the daily financial newspaper and she opened her own bank account.
Her father died when she was 21 and inherited $7.5 million. She went to New York and invested on Wall Street. Hetty saved every penny, eating in the cheapest restaurants for 15 cents. She became one of the richest and most hated women in the world. She was called “The Witch of Wall Street”. At 33 she married Edward Green, a multimillionaire, and had two children, Ned and Sylvia.
Hetty’s meanness was legendary. She always argued about prices in shops. She walked to the local grocery store to buy broken cookies (biscuits), which were much cheaper, and to get a free bone for her much-loved dog, Dewey. Once she lost a two-cent stamp and spent the night looking for it . She never bought clothes and always wore the same long, ragged black skirt. Worst of all, when her son Ned fell and injured his knee, she refused to pay for a doctor and spent hours looking for free medical help. In the end Ned’s leg was amputated.
When she died in 1916 she left her children $ 100 million (worth $ 9.3 billion today). Her daughter built a hospital with her money.
2. Переведите в письменной форме абзацы 2, 3, 6.
3. Напишите предложения в вопросительной, а затем в отрицательной форме и переведите их на русский язык:
1. When morning came, the storm already ( to stop), but the snow still ( to fall). 2. Yesterday by eight o’clock he ( to finish ) all his homework. 3. When I ( to come ) to his place at nine, he ( to read) . 4. I ( to wait ) for permission to go abroad for already three weeks, but I ( not to receive ) the visa yet. 5. Everybody ( to be ) at the door of the museum, but my friend ( not yet to come).
1. I get up … seven o’clock or … a quarter past seven. 2. … Sunday I usually get up … nine o’clock or half past nine. 3. But last Sunday I slept very long and got up only … noon. 4. He was an excellent pupil, and the teacher never complained … him. 5. The school year begins … the first of September. 6. I like to go to the park … autumn.
7. Переведите предложения на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в нужном времени.
1. Я сижу в парке на скамейке и кормлю птиц. 2. Если её не будет завтра дома, оставьте ей записку. 3. Я уже сделал свои уроки. 4. Они играют в волейбол с трёх часов. 5. Мы знаем друг друга уже четыре года. 6. Мы очень рады вас видеть. Мы вас ждали целый месяц.
Вариант 2
Прочитайте текст и ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. Why don’t many foreign people go to Nowy Swiat?
2. Why are the things produced by Polish manufacturers so good?
3. What can you buy here? What can’t you buy?
4. What is expensive? What isn’t expensive?
A recent survey has shown that the busiest shopping street in the world is not in London, New York, or Paris, but in Warsaw. It’s called Nowy Swiat (pronounced /novi sviet/), which means New World. An incredible 14,000 Poles walk down this main street every hour.
It is a lovely place to shop. The pavements are very wide. There are statues, palaces, attractive town houses, exclusive cafes, and high-class restaurants. The buildings aren’t too tall. They look old, but in fact the whole city was rebuilt after World War II.
There aren’t any billboards or neon lights. There isn’t any loud music, and there aren’t many tourists. People think that polish shops have nothing to sell, so nobody comes shopping here. The world doesn’t know about this paradise for shoppers – yet.
It is now possible to buy almost everything in Warsaw. There are a lot of shops from the West, but the interesting thing is that Polish manufacturers are now producing high quality goods. They are good because they are not mass produced for world consumption.
Nowy Swiat has a lot of small shops, specialist shops, and chic shops. It hasn’t got the huge department stores that sell the same things everywhere.
If you want an exquisite handmade suit, Nowy Swiat is the place to go. It isn’t cheap. You will pay up to 1,000 pounds. For beautiful French baby clothes, go to Petit Bateau. You will pay 50 pounds for a pair of blue jeans for a baby. A dress for a baby girl is about 90 pounds. At Desa, a famous antique shop, a desk costs 5,000, and a 19th century Russian icon is 200 pounds.
Not everything is expensive. At the shop Pantera you can buy leather goods – handbags, purses, coats, and belts. Cepelia specializes in folk art. There are also book shops and record shops. And there are a lot of small boutiques that sell men’s and women’s clothes that aren’t too expensive.
If you are tired, stop at Café Blikle. This is a fashionable place to meet. You’ll find a lively atmosphere, and a lot of well-known Poles. The frozen yoghurt and ice-creams are excellent, and its famous doughnuts are delicious.
It is possible to travel the world and find the same things for sale in every country. But Warsaw is different because its shops are unique – and they’re in Nowy Swiat.
2. Переведите в письменной форме абзацы 1, 4, 7.
3. Напишите предложения в вопросительной, а затем в отрицательной форме и переведите их на русский язык:
4. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.
1. … Wednesday I usually have a lot of homework. 2. Lev Tolstoy liked to get up … sunrise. 3. Our lessons are usually over … twenty minutes to two. 4. They returned from the wood … sunset. 5. I began writing my composition … seven o’clock and finished only … midnight. 6. The young scientist was trying to prove … the professor the necessity … the experiment.
7. Переведите предложения на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в нужном времени.
1. Мама сидит на диване в гостиной и смотрит телевизор. 2. Если он не пойдёт в библиотеку, он будет дома. 3. Мы ещё не позавтракали. 4. Моя сестра спит с пяти часов. 5. Я всегда хотел изучать английский язык. 6. Моя сестра пьёт кофе с молоком, а я всегда предпочитал чёрный кофе.
Вариант 3
Прочитайте текст и ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. Which plant was known as white gold? Why?
2. Which plant has caused the death of many people?
3. Which of the three plants has most changed history? Why?
4. Which plant has done the greatest good? Which has done the greatest harm?
Tobacco.
For thousands of years tobacco was used by the American Indians with no ill-effect. In the 16th century it was brought to Europe. This early tobacco was mixed with soil and rather dirty. It was chewed or smoked in pipes only by men – women thought it smelly and disgusting/
It was first grown commercially in America in the 17th century on slave plantations. In the 18th century new technology refined tobacco and the first cigarettes were produced. By the 1880s huge factories were producing cigarettes which were clean and easy to smoke. Chain-smoking and inhaling became possible and by the middle of the 20th century tobacco addicts, both men and women, were dying of lung cancer in great numbers.
Nowadays cigarette smoking is banned in many places, especially in the USA. But until 1820 tobacco was America’s main export, and still today their tobacco industry makes over 4.2 billion a year.
Sugar.
Sugar cane was grown in India thousands of years ago. In Roman times it was known in Europe as a great luxury, and it was rare and expensive for many centuries after that. In 1493 Columbus took a sugar plant with him to the West Indies, where it grew so well that huge plantations were started by Europeans and worked on by slaves. The slaves were shipped across the Atlantic from Africa, packed sometimes one on top of the other in chains, on a journey that took six weeks. Many died. The empty ships then carried the sugar back to Europe. So much money was made that sugar was known as “white gold”.
Sugar is use to sweeten food and make sweets and chocolate. It is addictive but unnecessary. By the 16th century the English were the greatest sugar-eaters in history. Elizabeth I lost all her teeth because she ate so much of it.
Cotton.
Cotton has been grown for over five thousand years in places as far apart as Mexico, China, Egypt, and India. It was first planted in America in 1607. Before 1800 cotton was a great luxury, more expensive than silk, because so many workers were needed to pick it. However, a huge increase in the number of slaves in the American South resulted in much greater cotton production and a fall in the price. This, and the new technology of the industrial revolution, made cotton the cheapest fabric in history. By 1820 cotton was making more money for the USA than tobacco, and more money worldwide than sugar.
The American Civil War of 1861- 1665 was fought because the Southern States wanted to form a separate country, so that they could continue to keep slaves on their cotton plantations. Slavery was banned in the Northern States in 1808. 500,000 soldiers were killed in the war.
2. Переведите в письменной форме абзацы 2, 4, 6.
3. Напишите предложения в вопросительной, а затем в отрицательной форме и переведите их на русский язык:
1. We already ( to cover ) about ten miles when Peter suddenly exclaimed: “Here is the station!” 2. He ( to be ) here five minutes ago, but you ( to be ) out. 3. We could not go out because it ( to rain ) hard since early morning. 4. She ( to teach ) at our school for twenty years now. 5. Ring me up as soon as ( to come ) home.
1. London is the capital … Great Britain. 2. The embankments … the Neva are faced with granite. 3. It is clear … me that you don’t know your lesson. 4. My birthday is … the ninth of July. 5. He was devoted … his friend. 6. I explained … the teacher that by the end … the lesson I had not finished the translation … the text and that’s why I had not handed it … him.
7. Переведите предложения на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в нужном времени.
1. Рабочий день моего дяди начинается рано утром. 2. Если я не помогу ему, он не напишет контрольную работу завтра. 3. Я только что была у зубного врача и чувствую себя намного лучше. 4. Моя бабушка готовит обед с двух часов. 5. Где Нина? – Она уже два часа дома. 6. Они уже десять лет живут в Нью-Йорке.
Вариант 4
Прочитайте текст и ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. Who earns the most?
3. How long has Cathy been flying balloons?
Tom Hopperton is one of 1,200 over-65s working for the supermarket, Tesco. He’s been working there for fifteen months. Before that he was a plumber for thirty years.
Tom skates about five miles a day around the store fetching things for customers who realize that they’ve forgotten something only when they’ve reached the checkout till. He earns 4.50 pounds an hour.
“ I just love the job. I help the customers, so they’re usually very nice to me. I’ve always liked meeting people. And it keeps me fit. I can’t sit at home doing nothing. I’d just die. I have to keep busy. Time goes really quickly. Every day is different. “
Tesco’s made the decision to employ people of all ages. It sees the advantages of older workers who are more calm authoritative when they are dealing with customers.
“ When I saw this job advertised, I didn’t believe they’d give it to me, “ says Tom. “ I went in to see them because I thought they would be put off by my age if I just phoned. I wanted them to see that I am very lively for my age.”
For 25 years Terry Cemm was a policeman, but for the last seventeen years he has been walking up and down five miles of beach every day, looking for things that might be useful to someone. Terry’s a beachcomber.
Nearly everything in his cottage has come from the sea – chairs, tables, even tins of food. What’s the most unusual thing he has ever found? “ A barrel of beer just before Christmas. That was nice, “ he remembers. He finds lots of bottles with messages in them, mainly from children. They all get a reply if there is an address in the bottle. Shoes? “ If you find one, you’ll find the other the next week,” he says.
But does he really make a living? “Half a living,” he replies. I barter with a lot of things I find, and I have my police pension. But I don’t actually need money. My life is rich in variety.”
Terry seems to be a very happy man. “You have to find a way to live a simple, honest life. People spend all their lives chasing things they don’t really need. There’s so much waste.”
“Some people say I’m mad,” says Terry. “But there are a lot more who’d like to do what I do.” Look at me. I’ve got everything that I could possibly want.”
Cathy Moorhead has only ever had one job. She has never wanted to do anything but be in a hot air balloon, going where the wind takes her, listening to the birds, and watching deer and small animals below her.
And she gets paid for it, about 25,000 pounds a year. “I’ve been flying balloons since I was 10, and I have done it professionally for twelve years. I fly between 10 and 20 passengers in different balloons.” The flights usually last an hour, and they go early in the morning or just before sunset. “The trips are always mystery tours,” she says. “I never know where we’re going to land.”
She starts work about 6 a.m., and works anything from 15 hours a day to nothing, if the weather is bad. “We can’t fly if it’s too windy, if visibility is poor, or if it’s raining. The balloon gets too heavy and the passengers get wet.” What’s the best thing about the job? “The job itself. I love being out in the countryside and I hate routines. So this is heaven for me.”
2. Переведите в письменной форме абзацы 2, 7, 12 .
3. Напишите предложения в вопросительной, а затем в отрицательной форме и переведите их на русский язык:
4. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.
1. Не ( to begin ) to write his composition at three o’clock. 2. It’s already eleven, and he still ( to write ) the letter. 3. We ( to help ) our librarian to put the books in the right order for already three days, but we ( to arrange ) only half the books. 4. What you ( to do ) when I came in? 5. When I ( to leave ) home, the snow already ( to stop ).
1. He bought a book … English poems and gave it … his sister. 2. I wrote … him asking to send me a box … chocolates. 3. The roof … the house is very old. 4. There is a monument … Pushkin in the Square … Arts. 5. We tried to speak … him, but he didn’t want to listen … us. 6. … the twenty – fifth of December people celebrate Christmas.
7. Переведите предложения на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в нужном времени.
1. После завтрака он обычно идёт на работу. 2. Он сделает упражнения по английскому языку, если у него не будет других дел. 3. Концерт ещё не начался, и мы сидим в зале и обсуждаем свои проблемы. 4. Мой папа работает в институте с 1995 года. 5. Где дети? – Они всё ещё играют во дворе. 6. Ваш папа уже вернулся с севера? – Да, он уже две недели дома.