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Lesson 82. The aim of the lesson is to teach you to speak about the events that took place some time ago. To do this you will certainly need the Past Indefinite Tense Form.
In English we use the Past Indefinite Tense Form for meanings “a”, “b”, “c”, and the Present Perfect Tense Form for meanings “d” and “e”.
Listen to the sentences given in Russian and show your red card for the Past Indefinite and the blue card for the Present Perfect.
а) Не могу найти его письмо. Наверное, потерял. б) Нет у меня этой книги - наверное, отдал кому-то. в) Он вчера вернулся в десять. г) А мы с вами встречались: я вас помню. д) В воскресенье я весь день читал. е) Эту газету я читал, дай мне другую. ж) Выключи телевизор: этот фильм мы уже видели. з) В последний раз я видел его на собрании. и) Он увидел меня и перешел на другую сторону улицы. Я сделал вид, что не заметил его.
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Past, last Before ago |
last month three months ago |
I never think of the past. They were happy for many years. When did you see her last? He was absent for months. |
Use the right form:
I ….. in Moscow last week. He ….. absent last time. They …….not at home two hours ago. We …. In France ….five years ago. During his school days, he …often late for classes. All his teachers ….angry with him. Last night we….at the theatre.
[d] (after vowels and voiced consonants): plan - planned, try - tried
[t] (after voiceless consonants) like - liked
[id] – (after [t] and [d] want - wanted, need - needed
Read these verbs in the past: Learned, studied, listened, translated, phoned, helped, ordered, used, loved, married, rested, relaxed, skated, played, smoked, danced.
Give the English for: "отдохнул, помог, научился, позвонил, изучил, использовал, танцевал, курил, катался на коньках, пытался, планировал, заказал, перевел, женился, любил.
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I usually (work) eight hours a day, but |
Last summer we (stay) in a hotel. |
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Ann usually (drive) to work, but |
Last weekend they (play) tennis. |
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Max usually (watch) TV in the evenings, but |
Yesterday I (start) at 9 a.m. and (finish) at 9 p.m. |
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Ann and Max usually (go) swimming at weekends, but |
Last year it (snow) for three months. |
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It usually ( rain) a lot in winter, but |
But the day before yesterday she (walk) there. |
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Max and I usually (visit) our friends in summer, but |
Yesterday evening he (listen) to music. |
go - went give - gave do - did come - came read - read [red]
take - took get - got have - had write - wrote make – made
wear – wore see – saw bring - brought teach – taught buy – bought
Say it in English: получил, пошёл, пришёл, взял, дал, написал, прочитал, изготовил, выполнил, имел (у него было), принёс, научил (преподавал), увидел, носил (одежду), купил.
Она (вещь) ему понравилась, и он её купил.
Я нуждался в этом, и достал эту вещь.
Он увидел эту вещь и взял ее.
Она взяла её (книгу) и прочитала.
Я купила ее и принесла.
Она сшила его (платье) и носила.
Он пошел туда и сделал (выполнил) это.
Я увидел их, и они мне понравились.
Я помогал ему и обучал его.
Он любил её и женился на ней.
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Where did you go? |
I went to the post-office. |
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What did you get? |
I got a letter from my brother. |
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What did he write? |
He wrote about his studies at the university. |
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When did you read it? |
I read it at lunch. |
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Where did you have lunch? |
I had it at the lunch-bar. |
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How long did it take you? |
It took me a quarter of an hour. |
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When did you come home? |
I came home at eight. |
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Whom did you give the letter? |
I gave it to my mother. |
I didn’t go to the lunch bar, but I _______ to the coffee bar.
I didn’t have much money, but I ________ a few dollars.
I didn’t read a book yesterday, but I _________ the evening paper.
I didn’t write to my friends, but I __________ to my mother.
I didn’t make a cake for the party, but I _______ some biscuits.
They didn’t come to the university yesterday, but they _______ to the party in the evening!
I didn’t give him money, but I _________ some food.
He didn’t take the apples, but he _______ the meat and the cheese.
I got up at seven. I got up at seven and had breakfast. I got up at seven, had breakfast and did some housework. I got up at seven, had breakfast, did some housework and then (= затем) wrote some letters. I got up at seven, had breakfast, did some housework, wrote some letters and then went shopping.
When did you get up? Did you have time for breakfast? What did you have for breakfast? Where did you go after that? Did you work (study) in the morning? What did you do at the university? Did you listen to lectures, did you discuss important problems? Did you work hard? When did you have lunch? Were you hungry? Did you have a good lunch? When did you come home? Were you happy to come back home? Did you relax in the evening? Did you read a good book? Was it a good day? Was it a hard or easy day for you?
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My aunt Nancy was born in England, but now she (lives) in Perth, Australia. She (went) to Australia in 1985 when her husband, my uncle Jack, _____. She is eighty now, but she still ________. She is an artist. She ____ pictures of cats for birthday cards. She ____cats, and she _____ twenty-five! She ______ painting in 1986. At first she _____ just (=просто) for a hobby, but then in 1989 she started making and selling birthday cards. A lot of people ______them and bought them. She usually _____ work at 7:30 in the morning and ____ at five in the evening. Then she _______ swimming. Last year I _______ Australia, and I ________ with her for two weeks. I ______ a very good holiday. |
Go, die, live |
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Love, work, have, paint |
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Paint, start, love, buy |
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Finish, go, start |
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Have, visit, stay |
Is Aunt Nancy a happy woman? Explain why. Give facts from the text.
When and where were you born? When did you go to school? (when I was … = at the age of …). When did you finish school? Did you do well at school? Did your family live in Ryazan at this time? If not, where did you live and when did you come to Ryazan? Did you have many friends at school or did you like to be alone? Did you want to be a student of English when you were at school? Did you have many or few English Did your parents make you do it or was it your decision? Are you glad you are a student of this university? Are you pleased with your life-style or would you rather change it?
а) когда совершилось действие: "Я отослал телеграмму час назад". "Он уехал позавчера."
б) как, где, при каких обстоятельствах это произошло: "Мы встретились в Москве на научной конференции".
в) повествование, цепочку событий в прошлом: "Он проснулся, позавтракал и отправился на работу".
г) имеющийся в данный момент результат, не зависящий от времени совершения действия: "Он уехал, не жди его." "Мне нечем писать: я потерял ручку." "Я написал план: вот он."
д) опыт, накапливающийся в течение жизни: "Я бывал в Америке (= Она мне знакома)." "Я встречал людей подобного рода (= Я знаю, что они собой представляют).
Значение "а,б,в" передаются простым прошедшим временем (Past Simple), а значение "г,д" - т.н. "преднастоящим" временем, или "настоящим совершённым" (= Present Perfect), где время события не имеет значения и не зафиксировано в определенном моменте в прошлом. Ср.: "Я звонил тебе каждый день на прошлой неделе. - А я был в Англии." (прошедшее время). "В Англии я был. Чудесная страна!" (преднастоящее)
Lesson 83 The lesson will focus on teaching you to compare past and present events.
1. Listen to the sentences given in Russian and show your red card for the Past Indefinite and the blue card for the Present Perfect.
а) Я встречался с ним и знаю, что он за человек. б) В последний раз мы виделись, когда я был там в командировке. в) Он резко хлопнул дверью и ушёл, не попрощавшись. г) Он ушёл в кино: позвоните через два часа. д) Я сделал уроки. Можно пойти погулять? е) Я подготовилась к уроку, поужинала и только включила телевизор, как в дверь позвонили. ж) Комнату я прибрала, пыль вытерла, цветы полила. Тебе осталось только вынести мусор. з) Нет, ты уж поговори с ним сама. Я не могу: мы поссорились. и) Эту книгу я читала. Дайте мне, пожалуйста, какую-нибудь другую. к) Он написал свой первый роман ещё в ранней юности. л) Мы переехали в этот район три года назад.
2. Pronunciation: reproduce the words and phrases:
3. Rhythm + logic. Lapidus, p.166, ex.II. Give 2-3 short utterances using each model:
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- He took me out to a dance yesterday. - Again? He often takes you out to a dance. Isn’t it nice of him! (Isn’t it bad of him!). |
take one’s umbrella, dictionary; bring smb. a cake, sweets; write smb. a letter, send smb. flowers, see smb. home, teach smb. to drive, buy smb. a present, shout at smb., drive smb. to the station, give smb. some money, leave dirty dishes, come home late, lose the key, get angry with smb. |
4. Practice the dialogue in pairs, with all the substitutions. Mind your quick reaction!
5. Translate and add a sentence or two.
a) Вчера ты мне не позвонила. Вот почему звоню тебе я. На прошлой неделе ты взяла мой словарь. Ты часто берешь мои вещи.. …..
b) Как, ты всё еще спишь? Ты всегда спишь до девяти? Когда ты встаешь? Когда ты вчера легла? Почему ты заснула так поздно? …….
6. A short monologue: complain of somebody’s behaviour. (“You know what parents/girls/boys are!) Say that he or she didn’t do something that you expected him/her to do or, on the contrary, did something bad. Say that you are sick and tired of his/her doing such things.
E.g.: “It’s impossible! My daughter drives me mad! She left dirty dishes again yesterday! She never washes up! And then, I always tell her to go to bed in time, but she sat at her desk till one last night. And this morning she got up very late and missed her classes. I am tired of speaking to her about it. it’s useless. She only gets angry with me. I don’t know what to do.” (You may play the role of a man whose wife spends too much money on new clothes, of a woman whose husband spends time fishing or hunting and never takes her out to a dance or to the theatre; the role of a girl who is angry with her boyfriend for breaking a promise to do something, etc.)