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What is it Like for Chechens and Dagestanis to live in Moscow?
What solutions can be found to deal with the breakaway republic?
Why do the Russians and the Chechens think mutually negative about
each other?
What has been the social structure of the Chechen society so far?
What was Stalin's policy toward the Chechens?
What made Russia interfere into independent Chechnya in 1994?
What did Asian Maskhadov do in attempt to rebuild the shattered
republic?
What does Charles Blandy of the Conflict Studies Research Centre
suggest as to why Moscow repeatedly called off peace talks?
10. What events gave the support for Russia's second invasion of
Chechnya? Who mastermined the campaign?
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THE WAGES OF THE WAR
7'//i? Economist, November 2, 2002
Since the hostage affair, Mr Putin has vowed to strike against terrorists "no matter where they are" and hints at expanding the army's powers. But it is unclear what he will do about Chechnya itself.
Many observers think that he will favour some sort of renewed military
5 campaign. But it is hard to see what else the Russian army could do, since after three years and with 80,000 troops it has still not brought Chechnya under its thumb. More likely, perhaps, is a renewed effort to track down warlords like Mr Basacv; but the internal security service, the FSB, has been hunting him for years without success. And the Moscow attack showed that
10 [here are always more militants in waiting: Movsar Baraev, the 25-year-oid chief hostage-taker, was the nephew of a notorious Chechen warlord reportedly killed by the Russians last year.
Moreover, though support fora military campaign has jumped since the hostage-taking, that may not last. Until then it had been falling steadily,
15 from about two-thirds of Russians when the war started to one-third [his summer. Desertions and draft-dodging arc already chronic problems for the Russian army, and a new war would make them worse.
Its consequences for Chechnya would be more severe still. Besides the thousands of deaths, 300,000-400,000 people have fled their homes since
2() the wars began, out of a population of a little over a million. Rebel forces kill and torture both Russian officials and Chechens suspected of collaborating with them. As for the Russian troops, according to a recent report by Amnesty International, their treatment of prisoners includes rape of men, women and children, electric shocks and cutting off ears and fingers. And
2s since the end of large-scale military manoeuvres the Russian campaign has turned into a series of so-called zachistki or "clean-ups" - searches for rebel troops that turn into orgies of murder and looting.
Which is why a second option — Russia's total withdrawal from Chechnya, as the hostage-takers in Moscow demanded - is equally
•^ implausible. Russian troops make a good deal of money out of the war, and not just by stealing. There is a steady trickle of press reports about soldiers caught selling weapons to the rebels. The trade is impossible to quantify, but Mr Basaev, now the most powerful Chechen warlord, once boasted that he sot 90% of his arms from Russian troops. Two years ago a Moscow daily
35 quoted an FSB general as saying that most of the Chechens' weapons were
64
5—J
M.Myxopmoti. Mnkingthe Point