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SUFFIXES

A suffix changes the meaning of the word it is joined to by changing its part of speech; e.g. we can add –ity to the adjective national to make the noun nationality. 

We often need to change the spelling, for example, urgent becomes urgency.

A few suffixes, particularly at the end of adjectives, have meaning; e.g. –less always indicates ‘without’: meaningless, homeless, hopelessly.

Here are the most common noun suffixes you should remember. Nouns are mostly made from verbs, adjectives or other nouns by adding a suffix.

Noun formation

Suffix

Meaning

Example

 - er, -or 

 

обозначение деятеля

worker, doctor, speaker

- ness

свойство, качество

darkness, kindness, happiness

 - ty, ity

абстрактные существительные

gravity, activity, equality

- ment

абстрактные существительные

development, treatment

-ion, -tion, -sion,-ssion

абстрактные существительные

revision, commission, revolution

-ance, -ence

абстрактные существительные (процесс, состояние, свойство)

importance, difference, ignorance, distance, silence

-ancy, -ency, -cy

абстрактные существительные (качество, состояние или условие)

expectancy, vacancy, tendency, legacy, privacy

-ery, -ary, -ry

абстрактные и собирательные существительные

machinery, soldiery, jewellery

-dom

абстрактные и собирательные существительные

kingdom, freedom, boredom, wisdom

-ure, -ture,-sure

отглагольное существительное

pressure, mixture, departure, failure

-al

отглагольное существительное

denial, refusal, proposal

-hood

абстрактные существительные

motherhood, brotherhood, childhood

-ship

абстрактные существительные (отношение к чему-либо)

friendship, relationship, fellowship

-th

1. отглагольные существительные со значением процесса, состояния

2. качества, свойства абстрактного понятия

1. death, breath

truth, length, width

-ism

абстрактные существительные

Marxism, socialism

-an, -ian

1.национальная принадлежность

2. профессия

1. Russian, American

2. electrician, technician, politician 

-ist

1.  принадлежность к

какому-либо течению;

2) профессия

moralist, terrorist, communist

artist, dentist

--ant,-ent  

обозначение деятеля

applicant, servant, accountant, assistant, student

-ful

значение объема

handful, spoonful, pocketful

-let

значение уменьшительности

booklet, leaflet

-age

акт или факт действия (от глаголов)

 breakage, leakage, marriage, usage

-ess

принадлежность к женскому роду

actress, lioness, stewardess, waitress

-ee

лицо, на которое направлено действие

payee, interviewee, employee, trainee, refugee

-ics

принадлежность к науке

physics, mechanics, mathematics

-our

состояние или деятельность

labour, behaviour

-y

абстрактные и собирательные существительные (от глаголов)

discovery, emergency, inquiry

-ique

существительные французского происхождения

technique, boutique

 

EXERCICES

  1.  Use the word in bold to form the noun which refers to the person who does that job.

  1.   A person who acts for a living is called an ____________________________.
  2.   A _______________________is someone who earns money from writing music.
  3.   She didn't become famous as a ______________until her 17th novel was published.
  4.   At the end of the interview the _______________asked if he could be shown around the company.
  5.   The waiter asked the _____________________ if she would help him deal with a difficult customer.
  6.   An _______________________is someone who will be able to go through your accounts and work out how much money you have.
  7.  Football is popular all over the world and many boys want to become ______________________.
  8.  He works 12 hours a day. He is a hard ________________________.
  9.  She used to be a good ______________________, she swam a lot when she was young.
  10.  My mother works in the library, she’s a very efficient _____________________ .
  11.  Politics is Nina’s favourite sphere – she wants to become a ____________________ .
  12.  Ann is studying history. She is a good __________________________.
  13.  I can’t play the piano. I’m not a ______________________.
  14.  Patrick assists me in my work. He is my __________________________.
  15.  He deals with many economic problems. He is an ___________________  by profession.

  1.  Guess the occupation of each person.

  1.  I help people to learn things.      T - - - - - -
  2.  I show customers the menu and bring them their food.    W - - - - -
  3.  People come to my shop to buy medicine.    C - - - - - -
  4.  I will repair your car for you.     M - - - - - - -
  5.  If you want to change the colour of your room, I will do it for you.    P - - - - - -
  6.  I help my boss by answering the phone, making appointments and writing letters.

S  - - - - - - - -

  1.  I can operate an airplane.    P - - - -
  2.  My duty is to receive visitors at the entrance of the office. R - - - - - - - - - - -
  3.  I can show you round the most interesting sights of a city. G - - - -
  4.  I am good at constructing bridges and buildings. E - - - - - - -

  1.  Complete the definitions as in the example.

  1.  An actor is a person who acts in films, plays and on TV.
  2.  A murderer is a person who …………………………………………………….…   .
  3.  A ballet dancer is a person who …………………………………………………     .
  4.  A film director is ………………………………………………………………….   .
  5.  A bank manager is …………………………………………….……………………  .
  6.  An employer is …………………………………………………………………...      .
  7.  A pop singer is  …………………………………………………………………..    .
  8.  A translator is ……………………………………………………………………..    .
  9.  A lorry driver is……………………………………………………………………..   .
  10.  A photographer is ………………………………………………………………….     .
  11.  An artist is …………………………………………………………………………    .
  12.  A teacher is …………………………………………………………………………  .

  1.   – ER or – EE?  Choose the correct variant.

  1.  The first fully printed banknote in England was issued in 1855 – until that time the cashier had to write the name of the payer / payee and sign each note individually.
  2.  Tax payers / payees are not satisfied with the tax system in Russia.
  3.  There are many programs which a trainee / trainer can receive to get a better idea of the company and the job.
  4.  I applied for the job of personnel trainee / trainer.
  5.  All employees / employers at our company are high-skilled professionals.
  6.  Employees / Employers are mostly interested in your experience and suitability for the job.
  7.  The interviewer / interviewee was asked if he had any questions or points he would like to know.
  8.  The interviewer / interviewee asked dummy questions to see the applicant’s ability to react.
  9.  Examiners / examinees are subject to different practical tests.
  10.  My examiner / examinee was a very strict professor.
  11.  When a received the letter I couldn’t recall the addressee  / addresser at first.
  12.  “Addressee / addresser not known” was written on the envelope.
  13.  The Trustee / Truster Savings Bank was a British financial institution which specialized in accepting savings deposits from the poor.
  14.  A trustee /  truster invests people with power of attorney.

  1.  Complete the sentences with nouns formed from verbs, adjectives or other nouns in italics.

  1.  I decided this. It was my ___________________________.
  2.  Don’t be so anxious. Control your _______________________________.
  3.  Ann is a socialist. She believes in _______________________________.
  4.  We all want to be happy. We all need ___________________________.
  5.  Her health has improved. The _____________________________is very noticeable.
  6.  Who discovered this? Who made this __________________________?
  7.  We’ll all arrive. Meet us on _______________________________.
  8.  I was a child then. That was in my ______________________________.
  9.  She’s absent. Can you explain her __________________________________?
  10.  Be more efficient. Improve your ______________________________________.
  11.  Don’t be so curious. Control your ___________________________________.
  12.  I refused their offer. My _______________________________________was final.
  13.  Can you explain it? Is there an _____________________________________?
  14.  Don’t argue. I don’t want an ________________________________________.
  15.  We couldn’t agree. We didn’t come to the _______________________________.
  16.  We investigated the murder. During this _________________________we questioned many people.
  17.  He suggested that I study French. I liked his ____________________________.

  1.  Make nouns from these words.

  1.   My teacher says there has been a big (IMPROVE)_______________________ in my English lately.
  2.  The recipe says you only need to add a  (SPOON) ______________________of salt.
  3.   Why did you do that? I thought you had more (INTELLIGENT)  ______________________than that.
  4.  The singer gave a brilliant (PERFORM) _____________________on stage yesterday.
  5.   Have you seen her magazine (COLLECT)  _____________________? She must have over 200 editions.
  6.  On hearing the news, everyone was overcome with a feeling of (SAD) ____________________________ .
  7.  You will be given marks for your (ACCURATE)  ______________________and also on how fluent you are.
  8.   She has the (ABLE)  ______________________  to pass the exam first time round providing she works hard.

  1.  Make abstract nouns from the words in the box. Put them in the correct columns.

absurd   achieve   adult   combine   complex   deep   excite   free   friend   friendly   generous   imagine   member   mother   owner   prosperous   recognize   tender   ugly   wide   wise

-ment

-ion

-ness

-ship

-ity

-dom

-hood

-th

  1.  Complete the sentences by forming an abstract noun from the word in brackets.

  1.  His face was so red with anger  that I thought he would have a heart attack  (ANGRY).
  2.  The cat purred with ______________________ as it drank the cream ( SATISFY).
  3.  Rose has a rather difficult _________________________ with her father (RELATE).
  4.  His writing shows a great deal of ____________________________ (SENSITIVE).
  5.  Sal hasn’t ever known true_______________________________ with Bill (HAPPY).
  6.  Dick hasn’t much of a sense of ____________________________(HUMOROUS).
  7.  Patrick is looking forward to his __________________________________(RETIRE).
  8.  Penny always showed great __________________________________ to me (KIND).
  9.  I wonder if women will ever achieve full __________________________ (EQUAL).
  10.  I don’t think I’ve ever experienced _______________________________ (BORE).
  11.  This work is spoilt by the student’s ___________________________ (CARELESS).

  1.  Complete the word in each sentence with a suffix from the box.

-er          -let          -ess           -hood             -ship           -ful            -ery

  1.  After two years of friendship, Kate got to know David really well.
  2.  If you don’t speak the language you feel more like a foreign ….…… .
  3.  Sarah spent a very happy child ……. …on a small island.
  4.  I asked a steward ……….. what time the plane arrived.
  5.  Every teenage ………….. knows that parents worry a lot.
  6.  Don’t forget to add a spoon ………….. of sugar and some milk.
  7.  We live in a beautiful neighbour ………….. on the outskirts of the city.
  8.  Tina picked up a hand …………..of snow and threw it in my face.
  9.  Under the floor there was a rumbling sound of machine…….……..   .
  10.  The college sent Sue a small book …………….. describing its courses.

  1.  Complete the sentences with a noun ending in –NESS made from a word in the box. Make any necessary changes.

dark     friendly     happy     lonely     short   sick    silly    thin    tired    thorough  

  1.  The shortness of the journey surprised me, as I thought it would be longer.
  2.  Sue was impressed by the _____________________ of everyone in her new school.
  3.  We knew it was going to rain because of the _____________________ of the sky.
  4.  Old Mrs. Holt’s ______________________ was cured when she was given a pet cat.
  5.  The doctor told Peter that his ______________________ was a result of overwork.
  6.  Wendy’s teacher was impressed by the_________________________ of her work.
  7.  We wished the bride and groom _____________________ in their new life together.
  8.  Joe’s teachers began to grow tired of his ___________________________in class.
  9.  I felt rather cold when I arrived because of the  ______________________of my clothes.
  10.  Jean took a travel ______________________________pill, and then she felt much better.

  1.  Complete each sentence with a noun made from the verb given.

  1.  There are over one million inhabitants  in this city

INHABIT

  1.  Greg often suffers from ___________________________ in the school holidays.

BORE

  1.  This is the tallest ______________________________ in the whole of the country.

BUILD

  1.  Some students can’t find suitable ___________________________________ .

ACCOMMODATE

  1.  I was upset by Carol’s __________________________________ to help me.

REFUSE

  1.  It took Richard years to become a successful ___________________________ .

ACT

  1.  Every  ____________________________ in this company has received a pay rise.

EMPLOY

  1.  You need a lot of ________________________________ to write a good story.

IMAGINE

  1.  Don’t forget to turn off the ______________________________ before you leave.

COOK

  1.  I saw an interesting _______________________________ in the local paper.

ADVERTISE

  1.  I need your ______________________________________ before they can do it.

SIGN

  1.  Did Paul give an ______________________________________ for his actions?

EXPLAIN

  1.  I’m sure this new film is going to be a great ______________________________.

SUCCEED

  1.  The leaflet gives a brief _________________________________ of each place.

DESCRIBE

  1.  Olga broke the vase during an _________________________with her husband.

ARGUE

  1.  Most people have no real ___________________________________in ghosts.

BELIEVE

  1.  The children’s _______________________________at the concert was excellent.

BEHAVE

  1.  You have to fill in an ____________________________form if you are interested.

APPLY

  1.  Hard as he tried, he was unable to find _______________________ to the problem.

SOLVE

  1.  They put a lot of __________________________ on him to agree to their demands.

PRESS

  1.  Don’t you think the drama group put on a good _____________________________?

PERFORM

  1.  I hope you will take into _________________________ what I have just said to you.

CONSIDER

  1.  The service was so bad that he wrote an angry letter of ________________________.

COMPLAIN

  1.  There’s an __________________ of impressionist paintings at the gallery this month.

EXHIBIT

  1.  Language is a means of _________________________________.

COMMUNICATE

  1.  They bought some ___________________________________ for their new house.

FURNISH

  1.  They didn’t like my __________________________________so we stayed in.

SUGGEST

  1.  His ______________________________ were slow and deliberate.

MOVE

  1.  I’ve made some very important __________________________ about my life.

DECIDE

  1.  More than a hundred ____________________________are taking part in the game.

COMPETE

  1.  The factory’s ____________________________ has increased since the last year.

PRODUCE

  1.  The __________________________didn‘t like the play, but the public loved it.

REVIEW

  1.  I went to the police to report the ______________________________of my wallet.

LOSE

  1.  It’s difficult to make accurate _________________________ about the weather.

PREDICT

  1.  As a sales _______________________________________ I have to travel a lot.

REPRESENT

  1.  Harry asked for a _____________________________and the cashier gave him one.

RECEIVE

  1.  ________________________________is a serious matter, you have to think about it.

MARRY

  1.  Helen’s mind is full of all kinds of unusual ___________________________.

KNOW

  1.  Tina had no __________________________________that anything was wrong.

SUSPECT

  1.  The scientist made a very interesting ________________________________.

DISCOVER

  1.  Complete each sentence with a noun made from the adjective given.

  1.  I’m telling you the _______________________________________! I swear!

TRUE

  1.  Do you think you have the _________________________ to climb this mountain?

ABLE

  1.  In spite of her _________________________________, Jane continued her journey.

HUNGRY

  1.  The teacher wanted to know what my greatest _________________________ was.

AMBITIOUS

  1.  You need more _____________________________to take part in public conferences.

CONFIDENT

  1.  Do you have _________________________ in translating English texts into Russian?

DIFFICULT

  1.  World-wide _______________________________came to Van Gogh after death.

FAMOUS

  1.  No one knows the exact _____________________________of the water here.

DEEP

  1.  You have to have a lot of ___________________________to go fishing.

PATIENT

  1.  We measured the ___________________________________of the room with a ruler.

LONG

  1.  George won a medal for ______________________________________.

BRAVE

  1.  These measures provide financial ___________________________________.

SECURE

  1.  Combine the suffixes on the right with the verbs or adjectives on the left, and then complete the text below.

improve      televise       elect educate      weak        manage  govern         stupid

       -ment      -ity      -ion                                              -ness     -ation

  

In his first broadcast on (1)________________since he won the (2)________________last month, the Prime Minister promised to make health and (3) __________________two of his top priorities. An in a strong attack on the previous (4) ___________________, he said that the present (5) __________________of the British economy was caused entirely by their (6) __________________and bad (7) ___________________. He said he would act immediately and he hoped that the British people would be able to see clear signs of an (8) _________________in the economy by the end of the year.

  1.  Complete the texts with suitable nouns.

  1.  Lord Byron (1788-1824) didn’t live a long life. He was an aristocrat a fashionable man. But he loved (1) ___________________ and a simple country life. His (2)_________________attracted Britain and all Europe.  He brought to his (3)_________________ romanticism of his times. He was talented and handsome, noble and brave. (4)___________________ admired him. In 1812 he became famous after the (5)_____________________of his autobiographic poem “Childe Harold”.

  1.  FREE
  2.  PERSON
  3.  POET
  4.  LONDON
  5.  PUBLIC

  1.  I always wanted to be a great (1)____________________. I had the dreams of discovering a new drug that would save the lives of hundreds of people. Unfortunately I was never good at (2)____________________ at school and the teacher used to be very cross with me. After a while I decided I would become an (3)__________________ and design an amazing new (4)__________________ which would become a household name. A few weeks later I had a brilliant idea for a pen that would write upside down. To my (5)___________________ a friend of mine told me  that it was not a new (6)____________________.

  1.  SCIENCE
  2.  CHEMIST
  3.  INVENT
  4.  PRODUCE
  5.  DISAPPOINT
  6.  DISCOVER

  1.  The trade union (1) ____________________ has a long and important history in Britain, but since 1980 the influence of trade unions has declined dramatically. Trade union (2)____________________ has fallen because of changes in the    structure   of  (3)________________   ,  including (4)_____________________, the shift away from manufacturing, the rise in smaller firms, the increase in part-time employment, and the constructing out of work. The Conservative government restricted unions’ (5)_____________________ to launch strikes and made unions legally responsible for the actions of workers; this has considerably reduced union power and substantially decreased the number of strikes, called (6)_______________________.

  1.  MOVE
  2.  MEMBER
  3.  EMPLOY
  4.  PRIVATE
  5.  ABLE
  6.  STOP

ADJECTIVE  FORMATION. PARTICIPLE FORMATION

Suffix

Meaning

Example

 - able, -ible

 

1.обладающий некоторым качеством

2. возможность осуществления

comfortable, reliable

readable, eatable, detectable, usable

 - ful

наличие качества

beautiful, meaningful,

 - an, -ian, ean

национальная принадлежность, принадлежность к идеологическому течению, научной школе и т. п

Russian, Arabian,

 - ant, ent

cоответствующие существитель-ные имеют суффиксы –ance и -ence

patient, relevant, intelligent, resistant, different

-ar

обладание чем-то, сходство с чем-то

Similar, circular

-ary, -ory

действие,  процесс, результат

secondary, contrary, elementary, compulsory, obligatory, explanatory

-ate

качество, признак

deliberate, considerate

-ed

1. обозначающий форму

2. обозначающий характер или состояние

3. сложнопроизводные прилагательные

arched

educated, good-mannered

broad-shouldered, blue-eyed, many-sided, ill-informed

-ese

национальная принадлежность или язык

Japanese, Chinese

-al

подобие, сходство, обладание некоторым сходство

additional, accidental, cultural, central, formal, official

-ic, ical

научное значение

economic, scientific, basic, identical

-ish

1.национальная принадлежность;

2.  слабая степень качества

British, Turkish, Spanish

childish, reddish

-ive

относящийся к, принадлежащий, связанный с

creative, native, active

-less

отсутствие данного признака

motionless, speechless, careless, hopeless

-ly

признак, образованный от существительных

friendly, manly, hourly

-ous

признак, качество

dangerous, serious, curious, courageous, famous

-y

имеющий качество того, что обозначено основой

funny, pretty, dirty, cloudy, sunny, hungry, rainy

-en

сделанный из чего-либо

wooden, golden

The Present Participle (-ing) describes what somebody or something is (it answers the question “What kind?”).

The Past Participle (-ed) describes how somebody feels (it answers the question “How do you feel?”).

Compare these examples:

It’s a very tiring job. (What kind of job? – Tiring).

He is very tired. (How does he feel? – Tired).

EXERCICES

  1.  Give the adjectives of the nationalities.
  2.  Europe – European
  3.  Russia _______________________________________________
  4.  England ______________________________________________
  5.  America ______________________________________________
  6.  Asia ________________________________________________
  7.  The Ukraine __________________________________________
  8.  Scandinavia ___________________________________________
  9.  Australia ____________________________________________
  10.  Poland  ________________________________________________
  11.  Spain ________________________________________________
  12.  India __________________________________________________
  13.  Canada _______________________________________________
  14.  Egypt _______________________________________________
  15.  Japan ________________________________________________
  16.  Sweden ______________________________________________
  17.  China ________________________________________________

  1.  Add the correct suffix: -ABLE or –IBLE. Make necessary changes.
  2.  The coffee was undrink ____ .
  3.  My bed is very comfort_______ .
  4.  Her shoes were very unsuit ______ .
  5.  The film was very enjoy ______ .
  6.  My working hours are flex _______ .
  7.  The buses are usually rely _____ .
  8.  The doctor’s writing was incomprens _______ .
  9.  These cups are unbreak_________ .
  10.  This number is divis____ by 5.
  11.  The noise from the outside was terr_____.
  12.  Your advice sounds sens________.
  13.   My family is very hospit______.
  14.  The weather is unpredict ______.
  15.  Brenda’s new book is really remark_____________.
  16.  John takes good care of the children and is very respons___________.
  17.  I find your aunt a very disagree_____________ person I’m afraid.
  18.  The pie looked very good, but it wasn’t very easily digest_______________.

  1.  Complete the following dialogues with adjectives ending in –LESS.

  1.  a) Did you find the book useful?

           b) No, it was completely ________________________.

     2.   a) Did the injection hurt?

           b) No, fortunately, it was ___________________________ .

     3. a) Has he got somewhere to live?

         b) No, the poor man is _____________________________________ .

  1.  a) That was a very silly mistake, wasn’t it?

b) Yes, it was __________________________________of me – I wasn’t concentrating.

  1.  a) I don’t know what to do! I have no hope!

b) Don’t give up, I think the situation is not __________________________________.

  1.  a) I can’t see any meaning in his words.

b) I agree. They seem to be _________________________________________.

  1.  a) Was the journey long?

      b) Oh, yes. I was so tired. I thought the trip was ____________________________.

  1.  a) Is your husband already bald?

b) Well, not yet, but he is getting ______________________________________.

  1.  a) Have the doctors cured him?

b) Unfortunately, not. The disease was __________________________________.

  1.  a) Is your necklace expensive?

b) I’ve no idea. But for me it’s ____________________________because it was my grandmother’s gift.

  1.  a) People who throw out their pets don’t have a heart.

b) Such _________________________________________people are not happy.

 4.  Circle the correct word.

  1.  He can play ten musical / music instruments.
  2.  It is an economic / economical car to run: it can do 20 kilometers on a litre of petrol.
  3.  The government deals with many economic / economical  issues.
  4.  I’m not sure if this sweater is washing / washable or not.
  5.  My sister is very knowledgeable / knowledge about gardening.
  6.  He’s a member of one of the extreme politic / political parties.
  7.  I like historic / historical films very much.
  8.  Suvorov and Kutuzov are great historic / historical figures.
  9.  You are always too critic / critical of my work!
  10.   The author created imaginable / imaginary world in this story.
  11.  What you are saying is not imaginable / imaginary! We can’t believe it!
  12.  You need to take an imaginable / imaginative approach in writing music.
  13.  I know Jim Kerry is very popular but I find him totally childish / childlike.
  14.  It was wonderful to watch the tiny lambs playing. I got such childish / childlike pleasure from the experience.
  15.  Sophie is extremely sensitive / sensible at the moment. Anything you say seems to upset her.
  16.  Karen is not a very sensitive / sensible person. She wore high-heeled shoes for our four-mile walk.
  17.  I’ve never known her to tell a lie. She’s a very true / truthful person.
  18.  I can never watch sad films that are based on true / truthful a story. They always make me cry.
  19.  Susan is so intolerable / intolerant of other people. She never accepts anyone else’s opinion, and she always thinks she knows best.
  20.  I find Mark’s behaviour intolerable / intolerant. It’s unfair to be so selfish.
  21.  Most people are conscientious / conscious of the need to protect environment.
  22.  Conscientious / Conscious workers should be rewarded for their hard work.
  23.  An inconsiderate / inconsiderable amount of money was spent.
  24.  Inconsiderate / Inconsiderable behavior makes life unpleasant for everybody.
  25.  He is a highly respectful / respectable person.
  26.  One should be respectful / respectable of the traditions of other countries.
  27.  She is a very industrial / industrious student.
  28.  Cardiff is the capital of Wales and an important industrial / industrious city.
  29.  It seems advisory / advisable to invest money in this project.
  30.  Our advisory / advisable committee is in charge of development and research.

5.  Rewrite the sentences using an adjective formed from the words in italics.

  1.  When the sun comes out, I always feel better.

When it is __________________________________________, I always feel better.

  1.  There is too much cloud to see the stars tonight.

It is too __________________________________________________________.

  1.  If there is still fog in an hour, we’ll have to cancel the trip.

If it is _____________________________________________________________.

  1.  There’s a lot of industry in the town.

It’s a very__________________________________________________________.

  1.  There’s a lot of dirt in that corner of the room.

That corner of the room is _____________________________________________.

  1.  She knows about the dangers of drugs.

She knows that ______________________________________________________.

  1.  There is a possibility of rain today.

It is _______that____________________________________________________.

  1.  Her husband is from Poland.

Her husband is _______________________________________________________.

  1.  We were surprised at the depth of the lake.

We were surprised that ___________________________________________________.

  1.  This book has a lot of meaning, you are sure to like it.

This book is _____________________________________________________.

6.  Complete the following sentences with adjectives made by adding suffixes              -ED,  -FUL,  -ENT (ANT),  -ABLE to the noun or to the verb.

  1.  I need paper with lines on it. – Could you give me some lined paper?
  2.  I’m going to wash my dress. I hope it’s _____________________________.
  3.  Mrs. Bosch had stripes on her skirt. She was wearing a _______________blouse to match.
  4.  This blouse has short sleeves, but I prefer a long ________________________one.
  5.  He helped them. He was very __________________________________.
  6.  You can rely on Peter, he is such a _________________________________ person.
  7.  She likes independence. She is so __________________________________.
  8.  My friend enjoys driving, he finds it an ___________________________ experience.
  9.  I wish I could agree with you, but it’s difficult to be ________________________.
  10.  She always cheers other people up. She herself is such a _________________ person.
  11.  She was in a hurry, that’s why we had a ______________________________talk.
  12.  Ann is such a beauty. She resembles her ____________________________  mother.
  13.  This show differs from all the other shows I’ve seen this year. It’s so _______________________.
  14.  Mr. Bogart has a lot of confidence in everything he says and does. He is such a _________________________ person.
  15.  I doubt if he was right. His story is very ________________________________.
  16.  Give me the details. I need a ___________________________description.
  17.  There were crowds of people in the streets. The streets were ___________________.

  1.  Complete the adjectives with suffixes from the box.

-less             -ly              -y                 -ish                -ic               -al                -ous

  1.  Everyone thanked the fire-fighters for their hero….. efforts.
  2.  Paul received most of his music…… education from his mother.
  3.  The government is going to provide more houses for home…… people.
  4.  Lisa’s mother…… qualities made her a favourite with the children.
  5.  This road is extremely danger……. when the weather is bad.
  6.  It was very fool….... of you to leave all the doors and windows open.
  7.  On rain……. days, we spend a lot of time indoors watching television.

  1.  Complete the following sentences with adjectives made by adding

                  suffixes  -FUL, -LY, -Y      

  1.  You must be.....................................................when you open the door. (CARE)
  2.   The countryside looks very.....................................................now. (COLOUR)
  3.  That was a very...............................................................thing to do! (COWARD)
  4.  He has a......................................................................routine of exercises. (DAY)
  5.  She was.............................................................when I told her my plan. (DOUBT)
  6.  It was very........................................................................so I drove slowly. (FOG)
  7.  It's nice meeting such a...............................................................person. (FRIEND)
  8.  He looked very............................................................................in that hat. (FUN)
  9.   They saw a.......................................................figure at the castle door. (GHOST)
  10.   Working on the car made her hands...................................................... (GREASE)
  11.  Let's go for a.........................................................walk in the fresh air! (HEALTH)
  12.  We're..................................................................that they'll agree to come. (HOPE)
  13.   Seeing all that food made me very..................................................... (HUNGER)
  14.  She married a...................................................................businessman. (SUCCESS)
  15.  He looked....................................................when he heard the news. (THOUGHT)
  16.   You can trust her. She's a very..........................................................girl. (TRUTH)
  17.  This map was very..................................................................on my holiday. (USE)
  18.   It was........................................................................to see him again. (WONDER)

9.  Complete the following sentences with an adjective formed from one of the words in the box, plus a suffix.

act            change          comfort       describe        dread               enjoy       forget         grace            rely        submit       truth

  1.  We had a lovely weekend; it was thoroughly ____________________________.
  2.  He never remembers my birthday; I don’t know why he is so _____________________.
  3.  I love to watch good ballet dancers; they are so _____________________________.
  4.  I believe what he says because he’s always been ____________________________.
  5.  His problem is that he always does exactly what people tell him to do; he’s just so ______________________.
  6.  She’s a very ____________________________writer; she gives you a very good feel for the places and characters in her stories.
  7.  Don’t worry. If he’s said he’ll be there, then I’m sure he will. He’s very ________________________.
  8.  It’s a very ________________________ climate; the weather can be completely different from one day to the next.
  9.  It’s important to keep ___________________________after you retire.
  10.  The seats in first class were completely _______________________. I could easily have fallen asleep in them.
  11.  The situation out there is ___________________________. More and more people are dying every day.

10. Complete the texts with suitable adjectives.

The United States is a large country with many (1)_____________________ (DIFFER)  natural wonders. It goes from the shores of the Atlantic Ocean to the islands of Hawaii in the Pacific, and from cold, snowy (2)__________________(NORTH)  Alaska to (3)_______________(SUN)  Florida in the southeast.  Also, it has many kinds of land – (4)_______________(ROCK) coasts, dry empty deserts, (5)_____________________(POWER) rivers, wide plains and grasslands, lakes of all sizes, high mountains, great forests, sunny beaches and lands of  (6)___________________(END)  winter. More than 250 million people live in the US. But the country is very big, so there is still a lot of open space and (7)___________________(NATURE)  scenery outside the cities. Americans have tried to save many of the most (8)_______________________(BEAUTY)   wild areas of the United States. There are a lot of parks, forests and wildlands where you can enjoy the beauty and power of wild America. The Grand Canyon, Yosemite Valley, and Yellow-stone are among the most (9)______________________(FAME). 

11. Complete the texts with suitable nouns and adjectives.

  1.  The Olympic Games are a (1)________________________(NATION)  sports festival that began in ancient Greece. The (2)____________________(ORIGIN)  Greek games took place every fourth year for several hundred years, until they were brought to an end in the early (3)_____________________ (CHRIST) era. The Olympic games were renewed in 1896, and since then they have been staged every fourth years, except during World War I and World War II. Perhaps the main (4)______________________(DIFFER)  between ancient and modern Olympics is that for the ancient Greeks the Games were a way of saluting their gods, when the modern Games are a manner of saluting the (5)_____________________ (ATHLET) talents of people of all nation. The original Olympics included (6)_______________________ (COMPETE) in music, oratory, and theatre (7)_______________________ (PERFORM) as well. The modern Games haven’t got them, but they represent a lot more sports than before. For two weeks and a half any international conflicts must be stopped and replaced with friendly competitions. This is the noble idea on which the modern Olympic (8)______________________ (MOVE) is based.

12. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets.

1. Sophie can be very (1) ______________(CARE) at times. Although she tries to be (2) __________________(HELP) and is always willing to offer her (3) __________________(ASSIST), more often than not her (4) __________________(CLUMSY) causes great  (5)_____________________(FRUSTRATE) to her family and friends.

2. The (1) __________________(ORGANIZE) of the firework display had been a difficult job, but now the children were shrieking with (2)___________________(EXCITE) as each (3) ____________________(COLOUR) (4) ___________________(EXPLODE) lit up the sky. In the warm glow of the bonfire we could see that every child wore an (5) __________________(EXPRESS) of absolute (6) ______________________(HAPPY).

3. We are having an (1) ________________(EXTEND) built to our house. The (2) ____________________(BUILD) have been working on its  (3) ________________(CONSTRUCT) for two weeks and now it looks quite (4) __________________(IMPRESS).  The extra space will be very (5) _______________(USE).

13. Complete the gaps with –ING or – ED.

  1.  a shock_________story
  2.  a reserve_______________seat
  3.  scream_____________children
  4.  a satisfy _____________customer
  5.  a disgust __________meal
  6.  a confuse ____________explanation
  7.  a cake load __________with calories
  8.  a frighten _____________film
  9.  an exhaust ____________walk
  10.  disappoint _____________exam results
  11.  a bor_______________exercise
  12.  a tir_________________journey
  13.  an unexpect_______________surprise
  14.  disturb____________news
  15.  a thrill____________story
  16.  a relax_______________holiday
  17.  a disappoint __________visitor
  18.  a block ____________nose

14. Choose the correct word: Present participle or Past participle.

  1.  We were interesting / interested in the implementation of the program.
  2.  He was an experienced / experiencing engineer.
  3.  They found the information interesting / interested.
  4.  The risk of the technological disaster was threatening / threatened.
  5.  The child looked frightening / frightened when the police arrived.
  6.  Being alone in an old house at night can be frightening / frightened.
  7.  They were exhausted / exhausting after they had walked 5 kilometers.
  8.  It took the rescuers five hours to save the fishermen and the operation was exhausted / exhausting.
  9.  People were worrying / worried by the rising prices.
  10.  The car accident was terrifying / terrified.
  11.  The news we received was exciting / excited.
  12.  People were quite exciting / excited when they heard about evacuation.
  13.  They were surprised / surprising when they heard it.
  14.  Then a surprised / surprising event happened.
  15.  He was shocking / shocked when he knew that the disease was infectious.
  16.  The catastrophe had shocked / shocking consequences.
  17.  By 11. 00 I felt so tired / tiring that I went to bed.
  18.  I heard the film was good, but it was very disappointed / disappointing.
  19.  People get very disappointed / disappointing when the government fails to keep its promises.
  20.  Julie was so embarrassed / embarrassing that her face turned red.
  21.  The situation was embarrassed / embarrassing and everyone was silent.
  22.  Jim gets bored /boring if he has to study too much.
  23.  It’s very confused / confusing to be taught in so many classrooms.
  24.   Why don’t you go away and stop being annoyed / annoying!
  25.  I need to change jobs. This one is not challenged / challenging enough for me.
  26.  Many people think hill-walking is energetic but I find it very relaxed / relaxing.
  27.  We feel relaxed / relaxing after a good holiday.
  28.  What you say sounds very amused / amusing!
  29.  The child was very much amused / amusing by the puppet show.
  30.  Her exam results were very pleased / pleasing.
  31.  I am pleased / pleasing with my job.

VERB FORMATION

Suffix

Meaning

Example

 

-ate

1. подвергать воздействию при помощи того, на что указывает основа

2. превращать(ся) в то, на что указывает основа

vaccinate, demonstrate, dominate, complicate

granulate, decorate

-ize

1. использовать, готовить к чему-либо, заниматься чем-либо

2. приобрести качество или состояние, обозначенное основой

utilize, organize, winterize

theorize, memorize

nationalize, monopolize, legalize, activize

-ify, -fy

делаться таким, как обозначено основой

simplify, beautify, falsify, ratify, notify, signify, clarify, justify

-en

1. переход в состояние, указанное основой (от прилагательных)

2. использовать то, что обозначено основой для воздействия

darken, shorten, blacken, worsen, harden

threaten

EXERCISES

  1.  a) Form verbs from these adjectives using the suffix – EN. Translate them into Russian.

  1.  red – ______________________________________
  2.  tight – _______________________________________
  3.  soft – _______________________________________
  4.  deep –________________________________________
  5.  short –________________________________________
  6.  dark –________________________________________
  7.  bright –________________________________________
  8.  weak –_________________________________________
  9.  black –__________________________________________
  10.   white – ________________________________________
  11.   sweet – _________________________________________
  12.   sharp – ________________________________________
  13.   strong – _________________________________________
  14.  long – ______________________________________________

b) Form verbs from these adjectives using the suffix – FY . Translate them into Russian.

  1.  simple – _______________________________________
  2.  pure – _________________________________________
  3.  beauty – ______________________________________
  4.  solid – ________________________________________
  5.  identical – _____________________________________
  6.  false – _________________________________________
  7.  intense – __________________________________________
  8.  electric – ___________________________________________

c)  Form verbs from these nouns using the suffix – IZE (ISE) . Translate them into Russian.

  1.  character -__________________________________________________________
  2.  crystal - ____________________________________________________________
  3.  sympathy -__________________________________________________________
  4.  agony - ____________________________________________________________
  5.  apology - ___________________________________________________________
  6.  organ - ____________________________________________________________
  7.  critic - ____________________________________________________________
  8.  memory - __________________________________________________________
  9.  legal -_____________________________________________________________
  10.  monopoly- ___________________________________________________________
  11.  Form verbs from these words.

  1.  active - _____________________________________________________________
  2.  fast -_______________________________________________________________
  3.  simple -______________________________________________________________
  4.  special - _____________________________________________________________
  5.  short  -______________________________________________________________
  6.  class -_______________________________________________________________
  7.  revolution - ___________________________________________________________
  8.   organ -______________________________________________________________
  9.   red - ________________________________________________________________
  10.   electric - ____________________________________________________________
  11.   length-______________________________________________________________
  12.   national-_____________________________________________________________
  13.   crystal-______________________________________________________________
  14.   deep-_______________________________________________________________
  15.   theory-______________________________________________________________
  16.  dark-________________________________________________________________
  17.   real-________________________________________________________________
  18.   wide-_______________________________________________________________
  19.   clear-_______________________________________________________________
  20.   less-________________________________________________________________
  21.  optimist-_____________________________________________________________
  22.   energy-______________________________________________________________
  23.   economy-____________________________________________________________
  24.   diverse-______________________________________________________________
  25.   custom-______________________________________________________________
  26.   strength-_____________________________________________________________
  27.   pure-________________________________________________________________
  28.   modern-_____________________________________________________________
  29.   threat-_______________________________________________________________
  30.   familiar-_____________________________________________________________
  31.  dominant- ____________________________________________________________
  32.  formal- ______________________________________________________________

  1.   Mind these correlations. Remember them. Then complete the sentences below.

Verb

Noun

to advise

advice

to believe

belief

to relieve

relief

to grieve

grief

to breathe

breath

to choose

choice

to halve

half

to save

safe

to bathe

bath

to bleed

blood

to succeed

success

to deceive

deceit

to move

motion

to think

thought

to solve

solution

to practise

practice

to live

life

to die

death

  1.  It is my personal ___________________________________that this man is innocent.
  2.  Let me listen to your chest. Take a deep  ________________________and say “Ah”.
  3.  You should put your valuables in the ______________________________________.
  4.  ___________________________ what you preach.
  5.  The police are investigating the mysterious _____________________of the big businessman.
  6.  I know it isn’t good for my skin, but I love sun ______________________________.
  7.   I’ve been so worried about you! It’s such a ___________________to see you at last!
  8.  “What are we going to do with this cake?” “Cut it in two. You take a ____________________ and I’ll take a  _________________________________.”
  9.  People need time to _______________________after the death of someone they love.
  10.  Take my ____________________________. Never marry for money. Marry for love.
  11.  There was ___________________________on the floor after he cut himself shaving.
  12.  Our _______________________is impossible without water.
  13.  The __________________________________________of the problem was not easy.
  14.  He _______________________in setting up his own business. It was very profitable.
  15.  ________________________________________makes perfect. It’s a famous saying.
  16.  You must not ________________________________________people who trust you.
  17.  He smiled at the ___________________________that he would soon turn a new leaf.

  1.  Complete the texts with suitable verbs.

Like many modern developed countries, The United Kingdom has a mixed economy. This means that some sectors of economy are operated by the government and some are operated by private business. Since World War II, Britain has worked to (1)____________________ the mix of private and public enterprises in order to (2)_____________________ the country’s economy and ensure the economic well-being of its citizens. After World War II the government (3)_____________________, or took over, a number of large and troubled industries. These included coal, electricity, transport, gas, oil, steel, car and truck manufacturing, shipbuilding and aircraft building. Since the 1950s, the government has (4)____________________ a number of these industries, selling them to private firms.

  1.  EQUAL
  2.  MAXIMUM
  3.  NATION
  4.  PRIVATE

  1.  Form verbs from these nouns. Remember the rules of the Passive Voice. Some of the verbs are irregular.

The Tower of London was (1)_____________by William the Conqueror                    BUILDING

in 1078 as a castle and palace. Since that time it has expanded to

its present size, and has been (2)_______________________as an armoury, a zoo,                USE

a royal mint, a prison and a museum. At the time when it was a prison

a lot of people were locked in the Tower for their religious beliefs

or suspected treason. Anne Boleyn, Sir Walter Raleigh and Elisabeth

the First were shut up there, too. Spies were (3) __________________in the                  PRISON

Tower during both World Wars. Some of the prisoners were (4)____________   ALLOWANCE

to walk in the grounds, live in comfortable rooms and receive

visitors. Many convicted were (5) ______________on Tower Hill.                         EXECUTION

They were beheaded with the block and axe, which are (6)________________             KEEPING

and (7) ____________________in the Tower Armoury now.                                              SHOW

The Jewel House is situated at the Tower. The collection of the

Crown Jewels is kept in it. St. Edward’s Crown, the Imperial State

Crown and the Royal scepter are (8) ______________________there.                            GUARD

St. Edward’s Crown is used for the coronation ceremonies. 3000

Precious jewels are (9)______________ in the Imperial State Crown.                    CONTAINER

  1.  Form verbs from these nouns. Remember the rules of the Tenses. Some of the verbs are irregular.

We had such an unpleasant experience last summer when we (1) ______________    ARRIVAL

at our holiday destination. We had (2) _____________________a country cottage       IMAGINE

in a picturesque village, where we would be (3) _________________to spend a quiet  ABILITY

weekend alone. However, when we got to the place we could not (4)____________        BELIEF

our eyes. The place was not the same as we had (5)___________________ at all.  There    HOPE

were lights everywhere. Crowds of people were shouting and screaming

all the night. Only in the morning we (6) ______________that there had been    REALIZATION

a football match at the stadium near the village.

  1.  Complete the table below:

VERB

ADJECTIVE

NOUN

contribute

…………………….

………………………

……………………..

choosy

…………………………

……………………….

…………………

analysis

analyst

……………………..

advisable

………………………..

believe

…………………….

………………………..

contradict

…………………..

………………………..

…………………….

…………………….

approval

………………………..

conclusive

……………………..

………………………

communicative

………………………..

…………………….

………………….

blood

…………………….

…………………….

success

explain

…………………….

………………………

………………..

……………………

prevention

……………………..

………………………….

consideration

relate

……………..

……………………..

know

…………………

……………………..

…………………

legal

…………………….

……………………

……………………

practice

……………………

electrical

…………………..

…………………..

persuade

………………..

……………………

think

…………………….

…………………….

………………..

……………………….

symbol

…………………

………………………

introduction

…………………..

popular

……………………..

resist

……………..

…………………..

……………….

………………..

reality

explode

……………..

…………………..

……………….

………………..

beauty

…………………..

weak

…………………..

………………….

particular

…………………..

8. Complete the table below:

VERB

ADJECTIVE

NOUN

……………………

specific

…………………..

……………………….

deep

……………………

…………………….

……………….

inventor

invention

construct

………………………

………………………

…………………………

…………………………

economic

………………………

………………………..

………………………..

………………………..

………………………..

production

producer

enjoy

………………..

……………..

……………………..

…………………..

deceit

…………………..

national

………………………

……………………..

theoretical

…………………….

………………………

…………………

…………………..

familiarity

activate

…………………

……………………

imagine

………………….

…………………..

…………………..

……………………..

…………………

strong

……………………

compete

…………………..

……………………

……………………….

………………

dark

…………………….

…………………….

…………………

winter

differ

………………….

…………………….

manage

……………………

……………………….

…………………………

…………………..

…………………….

agreement

attract

…………………..

…………………..

..……………………..

…………………………

dramatist

……………………….

dependent

……………………..

ADVERB FORMATION

Suffix

Meaning

Example

      -ly

quickly, usually, fortunately

-ways

sideways

-wise

otherwise

-long

headlong

-ward

forward

Adverbs are used to modify:

  1.  Verbs                                   They walked slowly down the road.
  2.  Adjectives                            She felt extremely tired.
  3.  Adverbs                                She is eating terribly slowly.
  4.  Phrases                                We met him entirely by accident.
  5.  Sentences                              Fortunately, we had enough milk left for breakfast.

Some adverbs have the same form as adjectives. But an adjective characterizes a noun, and an adverb characterizes a verb in most cases. Compare:

             Adjective

                    Adverb

Fast – скорый, быстрый

She took a fast train.

Fast – быстро

You speak very fast.

Long – длинный

It has been a long day

Long  - долго

Have you been waiting long?

Far – дальний

He lives in the Far East.

Far – далеко

We haven’t walked far today.

Little – маленький

She is just a little girl.

Little – мало

He reads very little.

Much -  много

There was much snow that winter.

Much – много

She studies very much.

Straight – прямой

Draw a straight line.

Straight – прямо

Go straight along this road.

Daily – ежедневный

It’s a daily newspaper.

Daily – ежедневно

He reads a newspaper daily.

Early – ранний

I’m an early riser.

Early – рано

I always get up early.

Some adverbs have two forms: adverbs with the suffix – ly and adverbs without this suffix. They have different meanings. Study the table and examples below.

Adjective

Adverb

Adverb + ly

bad

плохой

bad

плохо, сильно

badly

плохо, сильно, очень

close

близкий

close

близко

closely

тщательно, внимательно

hard

твердый, трудный

hard

упорно, твердо

hardly

почти не, едва, еле-еле

high

высокий

high

высоко

highly

очень, весьма

large

большой

large

широко

largely

в значительной степени

late

поздний

late

поздно

lately

в последнее время

near

близкий

near

близко

nearly

почти

short

короткий

short

резко. круто

shortly

вскоре, незадолго

  1.  He studies hard. – Он много (упорно) учится.

He hardly studies. – Он почти не учится.

  1.  She examined the letter closely. – Она внимательно рассматривала письмо.

We live close to school. – Мы живем близко к школе.

  1.  He cut me short. – Он резко меня оборвал.

She came to shortly after the operation. – Она пришла в сознание вскоре после операции.

EXERCISES

  1.  Say whether the word in italics is an adjective or an adverb.
  2.  The questions were so easy that everyone could answer them.
  3.  He answered all the questions easily.
  4.  He spoke loudly.
  5.  We heard a loud noise in the street.
  6.  We went straight to St. Petersburg without stopping anywhere.
  7.  This road is quite straight.
  8.  You would write better if you had a better pen.
  9.  He has very little knowledge of the subject.
  10.  When I first came to Moscow I little thought that I would stay here so long.
  11.  We stayed there a long time.
  12.  He works more and better than he used to.
  13.  I have more books  than you.
  14.  An early bird catches the worm.
  15.  We talked very much that evening.
  16.  We haven’t had much rain this month.
  17.  He is playing worse than usual.
  18.  The patient is worse this morning.

  1.  Form adverbs from these words and complete the sentences.
  2.  She spoke _____________________________________ (INCREDIBLE) fast.
  3.  It rained __________________________________________ (HEAVY) all night.
  4.  Could you ______________________(POSSIBLE) help me move these indoors?
  5.  Sales have increased _______________________________ (DRAMA) since we started advertising our products on television.
  6.  She answered him ________________________ (SHY) in her quiet voice, never once looking up at him.
  7.  Must you eat so _________________________ (NOISY)? We’re trying to have a conversation!
  8.  ______________________________(NATURE), I gave her all the help I could.
  9.  Write _________________________ (LEGIBLE) so that the examiner could read it.
  10.  ______________________________(BASE), I agree with the plan. It’s just some of the details that I’m not sure about.
  11.  He was ______________________________(SHABBY) dressed in an old brown overcoat and shoes with holes in them.
  12.  Paul sings __________________________(BEAUTY),  I’m surprised he isn’t a professional singer.
  13.  Are you sitting____________________________ (COMFORTABLE) in that chair?

  1.  You need to organize your time more_________________________ (EFFICIENT).

  1.  Choose the right word: an adjective or an adverb.

a)

  1.  I’m terrible / terribly sorry, but I must be going now.
  2.  It’s been a wonderful / wonderfully evening.
  3.  The food was absolute / absolutely delicious.
  4.  Your parties are simple / simply the best.
  5.  I real / really enjoyed myself.
  6.  Unfortunate / Unfortunately I have to get up at 6 in the morning.
  7.  I mustn’t be late / lately for work tomorrow.
  8.  I must be off immediate / immediately. Thanks again.

b)

The house was (1) quiet / quietly. It had been snowing (2) heavy / heavily all day and the ground was covered in a (3) soft / softly white blanket. (4) Sudden / Suddenly, there was a (5) loud / loudly knock at the door. I jumped up (6) nervous / nervously. Who is it? I called (7) anxious / anxiously. There was no reply. I (8) slow / slowly opened the door and looked outside. A rush of (9) cold / coldly air entered the house. I (10) quick / quickly shut the door and turned around, then I saw the most (11) horrible / horribly creature I had ever seen standing in front of me.

  1.  Read the text from the “Agony column” of a newspaper. Add –ly where necessary.

Jane F. from Glasgow writes:

I’m twenty-four and my life is so stressful …  . I have literal …  pulled out my hair. I had to part with about half of the thick …   , gorgeous …  mane that used to be my fantastic … trademark. In a few places you can actual … see my awful … scalp! My boyfriend already looks at me sad ….  .  It is taking forever to grow back, so to speed up the process I’ve had a very trendy …  haircut, used volume-enhancing…  shampoo, and I tried extreme … expensive … hair extensions. Nothing works. Do you know any      quick … solutions? I’m desperate …    . Please answer as soon as possible …   .

  1.  Complete the sentences with adverbs made from the words in italics.

Outstanding performance by the London Symphony Orchestra hits London. Last night’s concert ended as a big success. The violins were extraordinary yet again. James Levine, conductor of the century, was very good indeed. The audience was enthusiastic and frenetic. They enjoyed every minute of the concert.

  1.  The London Symphony Orchestra performed ______________________________.
  2.  The concert ended ____________________________________________________.
  3.  The violinists played __________________________________________________.
  4.  James Levine conducted _______________________________________________.
  5.  The audience applauded ____________________ and ________________________.

6. Complete the dialogue with adverbs and adjectives from the box.

straight     far      just      fast       near       nearly    hard               late      hardly      most      short        shortly       lately         mostly

A: Excuse me,  is there a ________________________________________train to London?

B: Yes, there is. But I’m afraid you’ve ___________________________________missed it.

A: Oh, dear. When is the next train?

B: Let’s see. It’s __________________8 o’clock. There’s one at 9.15 that takes you ___________________________to Charing Cross Station in London.

A: I’m meeting a friend outside the National Portrait Gallery at 10 o’clock.

B: Well, that’s perfect. Charing Cross is very ___________________. You won’t have to walk _____________________.

A: Will the next train be on time?

B: I can’t promise that. It has been punctual __________________. Last month, however, the 9.15 was constantly___________________.   __________________passengers complained. In fact, people _________________ complain about trains. They ________________appreciate how ___________________we railway people are working to get things right. ________________we will introduce a spectacular high-speed train. We’re looking forward to it. There’s a poster on platform one. Go and have a look.

A: I’m afraid time is so __________________, it’s ten past nine. You’ve been very kind. Thanks for information.

7. Complete the sentences with verbs from the box. Then decide whether an adjective or an adverb is required with the verb.

feel           look         sound             taste          smell

  1.  All the guests _________________sick / sickly. The doctor diagnosed that everybody at the part was suffering from food poisoning.
  2.  I might go and buy the new cookery book which was advertised on television. The recipes ____________________________wonderful / wonderfully.
  3.  The flowers are lovely and they ___________________________gorgeous / gorgeously.
  4.  Where did you get that dress? It _______________absolutely spectacular / spectacularly.
  5.  What is this? Hot water? This coffee _____________________________awful / awfully.

8. Choose the right word. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. hard / hardly

a) Your writing is terrible. I can hard / hardly read your letter.

b) You shouldn’t go out with him. You hard / hardly know each other.

c) You’ve worked so hard / hardly. I’m sure you’ll pass the exam.

d) We’ve got hard / hardly any food left. I’ll have to go shopping.

2.  just / justly

         a) The author has just / justly been nominated for the “Writer-of-the-Year” award: he      

             really deserves the prize.

        b) He has just / justly finished the third novel.

        c) I can’t complain. He has always treated me just / justly.

        d) He spoke so quickly; I just / justly couldn’t hear what he was saying.

3. near / nearly

       a) The house you’re looking for is near / nearly the station.

       b) This beautiful building is near / nearly 200 years old.

       c) I was so exhausted, I near / nearly fainted.

       d)  Jack near / nearly crashed his car yesterday.

4. late / lately

       a) Have you been to the theatre late / lately?

       b) You’ll be late / lately for your flight if you don’t hurry up.

       c) Roger was late / lately for work every day last week.

      d) I haven’t been feeling very well late / lately.

5. fair / fairly

  1.  He doesn’t play fair / fairly.
  2.  The men will want a fair / fairly long time for every meal.
  3.  I hope the child will be fair / fairly treated.
  4.  He was struck fair / fairly between the eyes.

  1.  high / highly
  2.  The kite went as high / highly as the steeple.
  3.  He has built a three meter high / highly fence between the two gardens.
  4.  Then there was a new wave of high / highly talented intellectuals.
  5.  She spoke high / highly of her teacher because she really admired her.

  1.  sharp / sharply
  2.  Meet him at five o’clock sharp / sharply.
  3.  She felt the anger rising sharp / sharply inside her.
  4.  Don’t cross the bridge but turn sharp / sharply left to go down onto the path.
  5.  The bicycle suddenly freed itself and, turning upon him, hit him sharp / sharply over the head with one of its handles.

  1.  wide / widely
  2.  “Open wide / widely”, said the dentist.
  3.  It was wide / widely believed that he will marry Clara.
  4.  The room is four meters long and three meters wide / widely.
  5.  All the details of your conversation are wide / widely known now.

  1.  real / really
  2.  Real / really, this is too much.
  3.  He has a real / really interest in art.
  4.  It’s a real / really pleasure to see you in this dress.
  5.  Shall I tell you what he real / really meant?

  1.  right / rightly
  2.  The classes started again right / rightly after Labour Day.
  3.  I’ll be right / rightly, honey. Don’t worry.
  4.  If I remember right / rightly, she went to Paris two years ago.
  5.  I want to stay right / rightly by you.

  1.  wrong / wrongly
  2.  You’ve done it wrong / wrongly.
  3.  The word is wrong / wrongly pronounced.
  4.  He has been wrong / wrongly accused.
  5.  You are treating him all wrong / wrongly.

  1.  Rewrite each sentence so that it has a similar meaning and contains the word in bold.
  2.  The old couple lived together and were happy.

happily

The old couple lived happily together.

  1.  This has been hard work for you.

hard

_____________________________________________________________

  1.  Chris and Paul are slow walkers.

slowly

________________________________________________________________

  1.  Georgia is a good pianist.

well

________________________________________________________________

  1.  Sue is a graceful dancer.

gracefully

______________________________________________________________

  1.  Michael’s skating was wonderful.

wonderfully

_______________________________________________________________

  1.  Mary is a careful writer.

carefully

________________________________________________________________

  1.  Alex didn’t sleep well.

badly

_______________________________________________________________

  1.  Ann completed the course with success.

successfully

_________________________________________________________________

  1.  We moved to St. Petersburg soon after that.

shortly

________________________________________________________________

10. Complete the sentences with words from the box. Use each word once only.

extremely    fast     good    happy    hard                        hardly    ill     quite     terrible     well

 

1. When I heard that Carol had passed her driving test I was really ______________________.

2. Jack dances very ___________________________________and never steps on people’s feet.

3. Alan was so tired that he could __________________________________keep his eyes open.

4. The hotel was___________________________, but we didn’t like the food in the restaurant.

5. Alison was extremely__________________________________ and spent a month in hospital.

6. Jonny was driving too _________________________________and was stopped by the police.

7. It’s not a wonderful film, but it’s ____________________________________________good.

8. Gina worked very ___________________________________and was given an extra holiday.

9. When I realized I hadn’t paid for the ticket, I felt __________________________________.

10. I can’t afford that bike because it’s _____________________________________expensive.

  1.  Adjectives or adverbs? Choose the best answer.
  2.   I haven’t seen you ______________________ . How are you? (early / late / lately)
  3.  My flight is leaving_________________ so I have time to buy a coffee. (late / lately)
  4.  Dad has been working_________________ in the garden, so he’s feeling very tired. (hard / hardly)
  5.  You’ve grown so much I can _______________________recognize you. (hard / hardly)
  6.  I haven’t seen Sarah_______________________________ . Is she well? (late / lately)
  7.  You play the guitar_________________________________ . Who taught you? (beautiful / beautifully)
  8.  Good shop assistants always speak to customers __________________________. (friendly / friendlily)
  9.  Don’t eat your food so______________________________________ ! (quick / quickly)
  10.  I play football _________________________________but  I do enjoy it. (bad / badly)
  11.  She doesn’t seem very ___________________ , but I don’t know why. (happy / happily)
  12.  Please say that again more ____________________________________ (slow / slowly)
  13.  He made a very __________________________________ suggestion. (clever / cleverly)
  14.   He speaks almost _________________________________Chinese. (perfect / perfectly)

12. Underline the errors in these sentences. Correct them.

  1.  Peter has been working very hardly. _________________________________
  2.  David felt badly because he’d shouted at his mother.____________________
  3.  Everyone in the team played good.___________________________________
  4.  The prisoners can move around free.________________________________
  5.  Paula felt happily when her exams were over.__________________________
  6.  Hans arrived lately at school._______________________________________
  7.  One boxer hit the other really hardly right on the chin.________________
  8.  He turned shortly round and looked at me.__________________________
  9.  Your health depends large on the job.______________________________
  10.  Birds fly highly in the sky.________________________________________
  11.  When you travel by the underground train, don’t stand too closely to the doors. ________________________________________________________
  12.  I got this pen freely with a magazine.________________________________
  13.  His story sounds high unlikely.____________________________________

13.  Sort the suffixes below into the correct columns according to the parts of speech they indicate. Some suffixes can go to more than one column. Fill the table with 2 examples of each suffix.

-al     -ly     -ment     -er      -ous      -ise (ize)      -ish     -tion      -ive      -ic       -ism      -ist             -ship       -fy        -ness       -en           -ate          -ful               -ese        -able         -th         -less

NOUN SUFFIXES

VERB SUFFIXES

ADJECTIVE

SUFFIXES

ADVERB SUFFIXES

-ment

development

government

PREFIXES

A prefix at the beginning of a word has a meaning of its own that changes the meaning of the word it is joined to. Knowing what the prefix means can help us to understand the word. For example, if you read unpremeditated and know that meditate means ‘think about something’ – you can work out the meaning of unpremeditated: un- is a prefix meaning ‘not’, pre- denotes ‘before’, meditated means ‘thought about’. You can now work out that unpremeditated means something like ‘not thought about in advance’.

We can use prefixes in front of:

  1.  Nouns                   underpayment, understudy
  2.  Adjectives            underdeveloped, underground
  3.  Verbs                    undercut, underestimate

Prefix

Meaning

Example

dis-

oтрицательное значение (в русском языке приставки без-, бес, не-, дез-

disorder, disobedient, disappear, dishonest

en- (em-)

«делать» (образует глагол от прилагательных и существительных) (em- перед m, b, p)

enlarge, encircle, enable, embrace

inter-

«между», «взаимно», «среди»

international, interaction

il-

противоположное значение (если слово начинается с согласной l)

illegal, illiterate

ir-

противоположное значение (если слово начинается с согласной r)

irregular, irresponsible, irrelevant

im-

противоположное значение(если слово начинается с согласной b, p, m)

impossible, immortal, imbalance

un-

противоположное значение

uncomfortable, unconscious, unfortunately

in-

противоположное значение (слова с приставкой in- нужно запомнить)

inconsistent, inexperienced, indefinite, independence

mis-

«неправильно, неверно»

misinterpret, misunderstand, mistreat

non-

отрицание или отсутствие

non-existent, non-alcoholic,

over-

чрезмерно (в русском языке приставки над-, пере-, сверх)

overestimate, overcook, oversleep

post-

«после»

post-war

pre-

«до», «перед», «ранее»

prehistoric

super-

«сверх»

supernatural, supercharge

sub-

«под»

subway, subtropical, submarine

re-

«снова, заново» (в русском языке приставка пере-)

remake, redo, rewrite, renew

under-

отрицание (в русском языке приставка недо-) или значение «под чем-то»)

undercut, underestimate

EXERCISES

  1.  Add a word from the box to the prefix in each sentence to make a negative word.

advantage        agree      decisive          appear              resistible employed         fortunately     smoking      interesting                patient            understanding

  1.  I didn’t read all the book because I found it uninteresting.
  2.  Cycling has one dis_______________________. It makes you feel hot and sweaty.
  3.  Sue had a ticket for the theatre, but un ______________________she fell ill last night.
  4.  Terry can’t stand waiting in queues, because she is very im ____________________.
  5.  My brothers always dis _______________________when it’s time to do the washing-up.
  6.  Jack has lost his job, he was un ________________________________for six months.
  7.  Oh, I completely dis _________________________with you. I think it was a great film.
  8.  Because of a mis ___________________, half the class went to the wrong classroom.
  9.  I am in ________________________________________about where to go on holiday.
  10.  The cake was ir ______________________________________, so she ate three pieces.
  11.  The waiting room is a non ______________________________________________area.

  1.  Complete the word in each sentence with a prefix from the box. Consult the dictionary if necessary.

out-     over-         under-        re-       dis-      mis-   un-

  1.  My alarm clock didn’t go off, and so I  overslept this morning.
  2.  Pete packed some shirts and socks, some ________wear, and his jeans.
  3.  It’s very cold this morning, so wear your __________coat.
  4.  Our team was completely _________played by the team from Wales.
  5.  I’ve decided to _______write my letter, because I made too many mistakes.
  6.  Steve ___________cooked the meat, and it was burnt in places.
  7.  I have to go to the library today and __________new my ticket.
  8.  The staff went on strike because they were ___________paid.
  9.  If she fails her exam, she can ____________take it in autumn.
  10.  I wrote the wrong answer because I ___________heard the question.
  11.  I got to the hotel at 4.00 but I couldn’t ___________pack my stuff until later.
  12.  I turned left instead of right. Obviously I ___________understood what she said.
  13.  It’s closed for the summer but it will ___________open in September.
  14.  John had a key but it wouldn’t __________lock the door.
  15.  – It says here $3, but the man asked me for $5. –

In this case he _________charged you.

  1.  Do you think I can ________do my homework if it’s not very good?
  2.  The children were here a minute ago but now they’ve ____________appeared.
  3.  She runs better than me. This time again she’s ____________run me.
  4.  She’s ___________worked at the moment. She really needs a good holiday.
  5.  She left him because he __________treated her.

  1.  Complete the word in each sentence with OVER- or UNDER-.

  1.  The underlying causes of the problem are widely known.
  2.  What a terrible film! It’s really  …………..rated in my views.
  3.  The first time I tried out my new bike I …………balanced and fell off.
  4.  Don’t forget to give the door an ………….coat as well as a coat of gloss paint.
  5.  The bath …………..flowed and the water dripped through into the living room.
  6.  It’s not as easy as all that. I think you are …………..simplifying the problem.
  7.  I’m sorry to say but we are …………staffed at present. We don’t give vacances.
  8.  You can get to the other side of the road by going through this …………..pass.
  9.  The garden has been neglected and was ……………grown with weeds.
  10.   You should have turned the meat off before. It’s …………..done now.

  1.  Put the adjectives in the box into the correct columns. Consult the dictionary if necessary.

patient        relevant    attractive    literate     flexible        regular      legal      agreeable        mature     convenient        tasteful      moral        replaceable      responsible        significant       possible     legible      honest         rational      explicable     justified      mortal        reversible     destructible    perfect    friendly     soluble     polite      logical       interesting    reparable

dis-

un-

il-

im-

in-

ir-

uninteresting

  1.  Replace the underlined words with a word of the same meaning which begins with the prefix given.

  1.  That child looks very sad.

Yes, he looks very UNhappy.

  1.  I’m sure that’s against the law.

Do you mean to say it’s IL________________________________?

  1.  The doctor told me to take off my clothes.

Was it necessary to UN_______________________________________?

  1.  We don’t have the same opinion about this.

Yes, I quite DIS _____________________________with you here.

  1.  His room is always in a mess.

It looks UN _________________________________now.

  1.  I’m afraid she doesn’t like onions.

Well, I don’t think she DIS ____________________________them that much.

  1.  That was very rude, wasn’t it?

Her behavior was very IM _____________________________________.

  1.  He doesn’t have a job, does he?

No, he’s UN______________________________________.

  1.  This handwriting is impossible to read!

Yes, I know it’s IL________________________________________.

  1.  She can never wait for five minutes.

She is rather IM___________________________________, I must say.

 

  1.  In each sentence one word needs the addition of a prefix to give meaning to the sentence. Identify words which need prefixes and add them.

  1.  Known as Saint Nicholas in Germany, Santa Claus was usually accompanied by Black Peter, an elf, who punished obedient children. - disobedient
  2.  Unemployment and costs have risen to acceptable levels. ________________________
  3.  She headed back home and left her mission accomplished.________________________
  4.  She is a rather trustful person to strangers. _____________________________________
  5.  It was an mistakable step of his: he had won.____________________________________
  6.  It was rational to react in that manner._________________________________________
  7.  It is legal to drive while intoxicated._______________________________________
  8.  It was modest of them to say that._________________________________________
  9.  He had made progress that was previously achievable.__________________________
  10.  It would be accurate to say that she has been dismissed.________________________
  11.  She felt a growing satisfaction with herself and her position._____________________
  12.  It is a alcoholic drink.___________________________________________________
  13.  You were attentive at the lecture, that’s why you didn’t understand anything.______________________________________________________________
  14.  He never phones his friends or goes out any more; he’s becoming very social._________________________________________________________________
  15.  With 600 billion people, the country faces population.___________________________
  16.  Don’t you think it was very responsible to leave a six-year-old alone in the house?_________________________________________________________________
  17.  I think I’ve done the steaks; they’re very tough._________________________________

  1.  Form nouns from the given ones with the help of the prefixes with the opposite meaning. Consult the dictionary.

  1.  Employment – unemployment
  2.  Honesty – ______________________________
  3.  Difference – _____________________________
  4.  Treatment – _____________________________
  5.  Fortune – _______________________________
  6.  Understanding – __________________________
  7.  Dependence – ____________________________
  8.  Importance – _____________________________
  9.  Security – _______________________________
  10.  Usage – _________________________________
  11.  Obedience – _____________________________
  12.  Belief – ________________________________
  13.  Advantage – ______________________________
  14.  Order – _________________________________
  15.  Proportion – ________________________________
  16.  Comfort – ________________________________
  17.  Deed – ___________________________________
  18.  Approval – ___________________________________

  1.  Form adjectives from the given ones with the help of the prefixes with the opposite meaning. Consult the dictionary.

  1.  Practical – impractical
  2.  Possible – _________________________________
  3.  Conscious –________________________________
  4.  Available – ________________________________
  5.  Valid – __________________________________
  6.  Significant – ______________________________
  7.  Legitimate – _______________________________
  8.  Movable – ________________________________
  9.  Sincere – _________________________________
  10.  Similar – _________________________________
  11.  Accurate – ________________________________
  12.  Believable – ________________________________
  13.  Complete – ________________________________
  14.  Married –_________________________________
  15.  Successful –________________________________
  16.  Able – _____________________________________
  17.  Modest – _________________________________
  18.  Expensive – ________________________________
  19.  Bearable –_________________________________
  20.  Loyal – ______________________________________

  1.  Form verbs from the given ones with the help of the prefixes with the opposite meaning. Consult the dictionary.

  1.  Spend – misspend
  2.  Obey –________________________________________
  3.  Judge – _______________________________________
  4.  Organize – _____________________________________
  5.  Direct – ________________________________________
  6.  Interpret – _______________________________________
  7.  Spell – _________________________________________
  8.  Arm – __________________________________________
  9.  Handle – ________________________________________
  10.  Print – __________________________________________
  11.  Treat –__________________________________________
  12.  Guide – _________________________________________
  13.  Believe – ________________________________________
  14.  Behave –_________________________________________
  15.  Lead – __________________________________________
  16.  Pronounce – _____________________________________
  17.  Encourage – _____________________________________
  18.  Connect – ________________________________________
  19.  Take – ___________________________________________
  20.  Use – _____________________________________________
  21.  Satisfy –____________________________________________
  22.  Trust –______________________________________________

  1.  Match the words on the left with their definitions on the right.

  1.  irreducible                                                  a) without relationship to smth.
  2.  irregular                                                      b) not connected with; not important
  3.  irrelevant                                                     c) that cannot be restored, saved
  4.  irreproachable                                             d) undecided, hesitating
  5.  irrespective                                                 e) incapable of being recovered
  6.  irredeemable                                                f) free from blame or fault
  7.  irrational                                                      g) contrary to rules, to what is normal
  8.  irremediable                                                 h) not guided by reason
  9.  irresolute                                                      i) that cannot be made smaller
  10.  irresistible                                                    j) unreliable
  11.   irresponsible                                               k) completely charming

  1.   Write the words whose definitions are given. Each of them has the prefix EN-/EM-.

  1.  make dear - _______________________________________________________
  2.  make feeble - ______________________________________________________
  3.  make bitter - ________________________________________________________
  4.  make large - ________________________________________________________
  5.  put or keep in force - _________________________________________________
  6.  place on the throne - __________________________________________________
  7.  place in a bed - ________________________________________________________
  8.  give a title - __________________________________________________________
  9.  make sure -  ____________________________________________________________
  10.  make noble -  ___________________________________________________________
  11.  make rich -  _____________________________________________________________
  12.  make smb a slave -  _____________________________________________________
  13.  give courage to - _________________________________________________________
  14.  form a circle around - _____________________________________________________
  15.  bring into danger - _______________________________________________________
  16.  give with  trust __________________________________________________________
  17.  excite rage in smb - _______________________________________________________
  18.  move to rapture - ________________________________________________________
  19.  to form in line of battle-____________________________________________________
  20.  give power to-____________________________________________________________

Now change these words as required below. Make use of EN-/EM. Remember the passive forms.

  1.  This poor land needs to be considerably ________________________________ RICH

before it will bear good crops.

  1.  I know that suffering did not _______________________________________; NOBLE

it degraded.

  1.  The town used to be _______________________________________________CLOSE

with a stone wall.

  1.  He ordered a great quantity of glass on which he had ______________________GRAVE

a sign against the Evil Eye.

  1.  His sense of humour never deserted him. It ______________________________ABLE

him to overcome difficulties in life.

  1.  I found myself ___________________________________________________TANGLE

in all sorts of problems.

  1.  He _____________________________________________________________BRACE

the whole scene with one rapid glance.  

  1.  Complete the sentences changing the word in italics by using negative prefixes.

  1.  He took legal actions against them. – I don’t agree. I think the actions against them are _______________________________________________________________.
  2.  The suggestion sounded logical. – Certainly not. The suggestion sounded _________________________________________________________________.
  3.  He was moderate in his demands. – Far from it.  He was ___________________________________________________________________.
  4.  The papers are relative to our business. – Nothing of the kind. These papers are _______________________________________________________to our business.
  5.  His conduct seems rational. – Rational? Do you really mean it? His conduct is __________________________________________________________________.
  6.  I think the deposit I’ve paid is recoverable. – I’m afraid not. The deposit you have  paid is ______________________________________________________________.
  7.  The evidence is relevant to our case. – I know better. The evidence is ___________________________________________________________ to our case.
  8.  Yesterday the child had a regular pulse. – But today the child’s pulse is ___________________________________________________________________.
  9.  She is modest in her achievements. – Is she? She seems to be ____________________________________________________in her achievements.
  10.  This man is honest. – On the contrary. This man is ___________________________.
  11.  Bob is very capable. – But he is ______________________________________of making serious decisions.
  12.  This scheme is quite practical. – As I see it, it is _____________________________.

  1.   Choose the right word in the sentences below. Consult the dictionary. Translate the sentences into Russian.
  2.  The meat shouldn’t be eaten because it is poisoned. It is inedible / uneatable.
  3.  I cannot stand the taste, it is inedible / uneatable.
  4.  The wardrobe is too heavy. It is immovable / unmovable / irremovable.
  5.  Once he has made his mind, he is immovable / unmovable / irremovable.
  6.  Since he owns most of the shares, the chairman is immovable / unmovable / irremovable.
  7.  She was misinformed / uninformed about the time of the last train, she thought it was 5 p.m, but it was 6.
  8.  She had to telephone the station, because she was misinformed / uninformed about the times of the trains.
  9.  The judge should be impartial and not take sides. The judge should be disinterested / uninterested.
  10.  The student looked disinterested / uninterested in the lecture.
  11.  An immoral / amoral person violates moral principles knowingly.
  12.  The child is not aware of the concept of ‘right’ and ‘wrong’. The child is immoral / amoral.
  13.  The food is disappointing. I am dissatisfied / unsatisfied with the meal.
  14.  Our claim was dissatisfied / unsatisfied.
  15.  The demand for these goods is still largely dissatisfied / unsatisfied.
  16.  I distrusted / mistrusted  my own eyes when I saw him alive.
  17.  Blocking the Internet can increase fear and arouse distrust / mistrust because it cuts off access to accurate information.
  18.  You’ve misplaced / displaced your affection, dear. He doesn’t deserve you.
  19.  Workers are misplaced / displaced by machines nowadays.
  20.  This politician was accused of misuse / disuse of public funds.
  21.  Analgin has come into misuse / disuse in many countries.

 

  1.  Complete the sentences using the word in bold and a suitable prefix and a suffix.
  2.  I can’t sit on that chair. It’s really _________________________________________

comfort

  1.  Ann has left home and is _______________________________________of her parents.

depend

  1.  These old envelopes are _________________________________so we can save money.

use

  1.  I suppose Paul might help us, but it seems ___________________________________.

like

  1.  I found most of the maths questions completely ______________________________.

possible

  1.  I __________________________________________winter sports so I never go skiing.

like

  1.  This is a really ____________________________stamp. I haven’t seen one like it before.

usual

  1.  Mike tried _________________________________to get through to Cathy several times.

success

  1.  Not taking exercise is rather ________________________________________________.

health

  1.  Being ____________________________________means that you share with others.

self

  1.  Not being chosen for the team was a great ___________________________________.

appoint

  1.  David has a really ________________________________temper, and gets angry easily.

control

  1.  These trousers won’t get smaller. They’re ___________________________________.

shrink

  1.  They didn’t give him the job as he was _______________________________________.

experience

  1.  Joe is very __________________________________________. You can’t count on him.

rely

  1.  The official was ________________________________. We didn’t get any information.

help

  1.  Jack shows little enthusiasm about this subject. He is _________________________in it.

interest

  1.  She never helps people. She produces an impression of an ___________________person.

friend

  1.  Our company helps ____________________________________people to find new jobs.

employ

  1.  Your essay lacks agreement and it is _______________________________________.

consist

  1.    IN- or UN? Complete the table with these adjectives. Consult the dictionary.

  1.  Expensive                                                              
  2.  Decisive
  3.  Believable
  4.  Helpful
  5.  Profitable
  6.  Excusable
  7.  Secure
  8.  Considerate
  9.  Fortunate
  10.  Successful
  11.  Competent
  12.  Formal
  13.  Healthy
  14.  Predictable
  15.  Solvent
  16.  Able
  17.  Civil
  18.  Definite
  19.  Just
  20.  Quiet
  21.  Complete
  22.  Separable
  23.  Intentional
  24.  Stable
  25.  Active
  26.  Reasonable
  27.  Fair
  28.  Visible
  29.  Tidy
  30.  Credible

  1.  Suitable
  2.  Comfortable
  3.  Human
  4.  Emotional
  5.  Edible
  6.  Reliable
  7.  Comprehensible
  8.  Acceptable
  9.  Sane
  10.  Common
  11.  Sufficient
  12.  Breakable
  13.  Willing
  14.  Necessary
  15.  Different
  16.  Professional
  17.  Curable
  18.  Dependent
  19.  Direct
  20.  True
  21.  Correct
  22.  Efficient
  23.  Qualified
  24.  Decent
  25.  Explicable
  26.  Familiar
  27.  Convenient
  28.  Experienced
  29.  Conscious
  30.  Appropriate

                            IN-

                         UN-

inexpensive

  1.   DIS-,IL-,IM-,or IR-? Complete the table with these words. Consult the dictionary.
  1.  Legal
  2.  Agreeable
  3.  Legible
  4.  Loyal
  5.  Mature
  6.  Probable
  7.  Reputable
  8.  Regular
  9.  Obey
  10.  Literate
  11.  Moral
  12.  Balance
  13.  Order
  14.  Resistible
  15.  Organize
  16.  Qualify
  17.  Relevant
  18.  Material
  19.  Prudent
  20.  Satisfied

  1.  Regard
  2.  Polite
  3.  Courage
  4.  Patient
  5.  Reducible
  6.  Possible
  7.  Like
  8.  Miss
  9.  Respective
  10.  Legitimate
  11.  Partial
  12.  Perishable
  13.  Liberal
  14.  Personal
  15.  Connect
  16.  Please
  17.  Rationality
  18.  Advantage
  19.  Practical
  20.  Count

DIS-

IM-

IL-

IR-

illegal

  1.  Correct mistakes in underlined words in each sentence.

  1.  Simon is really healthy. He smokes a packet of cigarettes every day and he never does any exercise.
  2.  It’s very difficult to get a job without experienced.
  3.  He was very fortune to meet someone who warned him about the current as he was going into the water.
  4.  He was able to finish the match because of an ankle injury.
  5.  My sister and I had a serious understanding about the birthday present to give to our friend.
  6.  Our seats for the match were so far back that it was possible to see what was happening on the court.
  7.  Her feelings of insecure stopped her taking part in competitive sport.
  8.  I was unconscious of someone watching me and felt uneasy.
  9.  False and leading advertising is illegal and unethical, and it can infuriate customers.
  10.  The biggest advantage of the planned economy is shortages.

TEST YOURSELF

Test your knowledge of the word formation. Follow the rules:

  1.  Заполняя таблицу, обратите внимание на количество строк для заполнения. Две и более строки указывают на то, что необходимо добавить, например,  два существительных от данного глагола (compete – competition; competitor). В этом случае полезно вспомнить про аналогичные слова в русском языке. Не забывайте про отрицательные формы!
  2.  Работая с текстом, сначала прочитайте текст. Все пропущенные слова должны лексически и грамматически соответствовать его содержанию. Помните, что в задании дан целый текст, а не разрозненные предложения!
  3.  Определите часть речи, которая должна находиться на месте пропуска. Для этого нужно задать вопрос от главного слова к тому слову, которое необходимо преобразовать. Например, наречие отвечает на вопрос «как»? Также обращайте внимание на формальные признаки, которые могут указать на определенную часть речи (например, артикль ставится как непосредственно перед существительным, так и перед прилагательным, определяющим данное существительное).
  4.  Образуйте часть речи от корневого слова при помощи суффиксов.
  5.  Если часть речи не меняется, нужно работать с приставками. Обязательно поймите смысл предложения, в котором есть пропуск, так как приставки меняют смысл слова. Очень часть нужно изменить слово на ту же часть речи, но с отрицательным значением.
  6.  Не забывайте про правила орфографии (например, в суффиксах прилагательных: -ant; -ent; -able; -ible), а также в случаях чередования (strong – strength; live – life) и др.

TEST 1

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

………………………..

……………………..

advisory

advisable

…………………….

……………………..

approve

……………………

…………………….

…………………….

assistant

…………………….

……………………

…………………….

…………………….

believe

…………………….

………………………..

………………………..

blood

………………………

………………………….

………………………

……………………….

contradictory

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.

Before the ____________________of the hot air balloon, no human           INVENT

had ever successfully flown above the ground. Two _______________       FRANCE

brothers, Josef and Etienne Montgolfier, were ____________________       RESPONSE

for designing the world’s first hot air balloon. The first successful      

_______________was in 1783, and the Montgolfier brothers immediately     FLY

became ____________________throughout the world. The design of          FAME

hot air balloons is based on the ____________________law that hot            SCIENCE

air rises. A burner at the bottom of the balloon provides the __________.      HOT

As the air inside the balloon gets hotter, the balloon takes off. Its

___________________above the ground is determined by how hot               HIGH

the air inside is and its ______________________of travel depends              DIRECT

on the wind.

TEST 2

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

…………………….

…………………….

use

……………………..

………………………

decoration

…………………

…………………..

………………………..

……………………..

……………………….

introductory

……………………..

………………………

dark

……………………

……………………….

argumentative

economist

………………………

…………………….

……………………….

……………………

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.

The Tower of London has become one of the most ____________________   RECOGNIZE

symbols of the city of London, and of Britain as a whole. It was built by

William the Conqueror in 1078 and the ________________________of the    CONSTRUCT

Tower took 20 years from start to finish. The height of the Tower (almost

30 meters) and the _____________________of the walls made it a perfect     THICK

prison. Famous _____________________held in the Tower include                 PRISON

Elizabeth (later Queen Elizabeth I) and King Edward V. In the 13th 

century King Edward III added many _____________________to the           BUILD

Tower, including a church and even a zoo. Today many thousands of

______________________ come to the Tower each year and learn all              VISIT

about the history of this ________________________place.                           INTEREST

TEST 3

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

………………….

……………………

smooth

……………………..

……………………..

differ

……………………….

…………………………..

success

……………………

…………………….

……………………..

……………………..

impress

………………………….

………………………

     ____

possible

……………………..

dependence

…………………..

…………………..

………………………..

…………………………

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.

Many of our __________________TV and film stars also perform in plays    FAVOUR

in the theatre from time to time. They often see it as an opportunity to do

some ‘real’ ______________, despite the fact that theatre work is not usually   ACT

well paid. Giving a live _____________________is quite different to              PERFORM

performing on film, and in many ways more _________________and risky.     DANGER

In the theatre, an actor cannot stop and ask the _______________if they          DIRECT

can do the scene again. The show must go on whatever happens!

Also, the ________________and response of the audience can affect                  BEHAVE

how the actor feels and performs.

However, a major problem for the theatre actors is that doing the same show

night after night can become _________________ after a while.                          BORE

TEST 4

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

child

…………………….

     ____________

………………………

………………………

………………………

inform

……………………….

…………………….

……………….

long

conclusion

……………………

…………………….

…………………..

attract

………………………

………………………….

………………….

significant

…………………………

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.

Stradivari made his first violins in the ____________________style            TRADITION

of his ________________Nicolo Amati. Later models had                          TEACH

_________________proportions, becoming flatter and broader,                    DIFFER

and people believed this accounted for their special sound.

But subsequent copies of the Stradivarius failed to demonstrate this.

Another theory was that the _________________varnish had a special           ORIGIN

effect on the instrument. However, many Stradivarius violins had lost

this and still retain their special _________________qualities.                      MUSIC

An American ___________________ claimed that the method of                   RESEARCH

transportation had resulted in a change in the ________________                  COMPOSE

of the wood and the theory was supported as the layer of material

may affect the sound.

TEST 5

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

courage

…………………….

…………………….     

……………………

………………………..

………………..

black

bore

………………..

   ___________

 

……………………..

……………………

……………………..

obey

…………………………

………………………….

……………………

………………….

create

……………………..

…………………….

………………….

popular

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.

What happened to the ship the Mary Celeste is a mystery that remains

________________to this day. Built in 1861, the ship was                                          SOLVE

_________________called the Amazon, but its name was changed                           ORIGIN

to the Mary Celeste in 1869. The Mary Celeste left New York for Italy

on 7th November 1872 with a crew of seven professional ___________                    SAIL

and the captain’s wife and daughter. On 4th December, another ship,

the Dei Gratia, spotted  the Mary Celeste drifting in the sea.  To the crew’s

________________________, they discovered that everyone on the                           ASTONISH

Mary Celeste had ____________________disappeared. There was plenty               COMPLETE

of food and water on board and the ship was in ___________________              EXCELLENCE

condition. There were no signs of a struggle or fight. The people of the

Mary Celeste were never found. No one has ever discovered what happened

to those nine ______________________men and women.                                          LUCK

TEST 6

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

……………………

mean

………………………..

………………………..

………………………..

………………….

regular

………………….

organization

……………………

…………………….

…………………….

…………………….

………………..

broad

practice

……………………

………………………

……………………..

………………………..

……………………….

relate

……………………….

………………………..

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.

Events like city marathons are _______________________popular.              INCREASE

You don’t have to be a _________________person to take part in                COMPETE

athletics, though you do need to be fairly ________________and                ENERGY

reasonably fit. You can build up fitness by jogging. It’s not the

______________that matters, but how long you jog for. You can                   DISTANT

improve your ____________________gradually over a period of                   PERFORM

weeks.  Preparing for a long race like a marathon it’s__________                 NECESSARY

to run more than a couple of kilometers most days. _____________             SUCCESS

marathon runners work on the _____________________aspects of                PSYCHOLOGY

running long races. Mental _______________is just as important                  STRONG

as being physically fit.

TEST 7

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

…………………….

……………………

legal

…………………..

……………………

deny

……………………..

…………………………

friend

…………………..

         _______

 

………………………

…………………….

…………………….

………………………

……………………….

………………………

employ

…………………………

…………………………..

industry

…………………

………………………..

………………………..

…………………..

……………………

   __________

chemical

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.              

The weather affects many aspects of our lives  and _______________            RESEARCH

are constantly looking for ways to produce accurate forecasts.

Our ________________to predict the weather depends on the                           ABLE

information we have. Special __________________is used to collect              EQUIP

weather data, including amount of rainfall, temperature and wind speed

and direction from all over the world. Computers make a _____________       COMPARE

between these present-day figures and ________________records, then           HISTORY

try to predict the future on the basis of the past. Large computers also

help to produce a ___________________picture of the likely weather               DETAIL

using a model of the Earth in their memories.

Even with these aids, nature is so _______________________that our               PREDICT

forecasts are accurate only for a few days.

TEST 8

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

…………………

allow

…………………….

analysis

………………….

…………………….

………………………..

type

     ………………….

………………….

…………………

……………………..

tolerant

…………………

…………………..

know

……………………..

………………

……………..

beautiful

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.      

       

London is one of the great cities of the world, and there is evidence that

people lived in the area in ________________times. However, the                             HISTORY

history of the city really began with the _______________of the                              ARRIVE

Romans in 43 AD. They built a _________________bridge over the                          WOOD

River Thames . The bridge was very _________________and soon                               USE

the city of Londinium  (as it was called) grew around it. The city played

an important role in the ___________________life of the country,                          ECONOMY

as it does today. The _________________of London since then has been                       GROW

incredible, and the modern city is home to about 7.5 million

_____________________. From small beginnings nearly two thousand                      INHABIT

years ago, London has become a place of _______________importance.                     GLOBE

TEST 9

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

manager

………………..

…………….

……………………

…………………

………………….

actual

prison

………………….

………………….

………………….

…………………….

…………………….

recognize

…………………….

humour

   ____________

…………………..

………………….

power

…………………..

………………….

…………………..

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.      

The Russian writer Anton Chekhov, who was born in 1860 and died

in 1904, has made an enormous ______________________to modern                 CONTRIBUTE

literature. His success was a remarkable ___________________, and                      ACHIEVE

came despite the fact that Chekhov’s family lived in severe ____________                POOR

for much of his ______________________.                                                             CHILD

Chekhov’s works have had a great influence on 20th century literature

in many ways, particularly in terms of emotional_____________________,           EXPRESS             

plot and narrative structure, and character _________________________.             DEVELOP                                                                                              

Even today, more than a hundred years after his ________________,                        DEAD

Chekhov’s stories are extremely popular all over the world and major

new productions of his plays are ___________________ mounted, to great             FREQUENT

success.

TEST 10

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

……………………

convince

……………………..

………………………

……………………..

quick

…………………

intend

………………..

………………..

………………….

correct

…………………..

flight

…………………..

………………………

critic

……………………

………………………..

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.      

Although there are many ____________________between the games of               SIMILAR

baseball and cricket, there are eleven ____________________in each team          PLAY

in cricket, and only nine in each team in baseball.

Another major __________________is the shape of the bat used to hit                   DIFFER

the ball. _____________________baseball began in the USA in 1865.                  PROFESSION

Today, baseball is played in many countries, _________________in                    PARTICULAR

East Asia, and North, Central and South America.

In the USA, baseball is often considered to be the ________________                    NATION

sport, although American football and basketball are also popular.

Indeed, the _________________of baseball is so great in America that                     POPULAR

the word ‘ballgame’ almost always refers to basketball, rather then other

ball games.

TEST 11

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

habit

         ___________

………………………….

…………………

………………….

strong

…………………….

  ___________

poor

……………………

value

……………………..

……………………..

………………….

     __________

current

……………………

think

………………………….

…………………………..

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.      

Marlon Brando was perhaps the greatest film actor of his

_____________. He was born in 1924 and people soon realized                    GENERATE

that he was ____________________. However, he never did                         TALENT

very well at school and he never seemed to be interested in

_________________. When he finally left school, he travelled                        EDUCATE

to New York, where he became a _________________at drama                   STUDY

school. There, he heard about the ideas of the Russian, Konstantin

Stanislavski, who had developed a way to bring acting closer to

______________. Brando used Stanislavski’s ideas in his acting                      REAL

and during the 1940s he appeared in _________________plays                        VARY

on Broadway.

The critics liked him and he slowly became better known. His first

major __________________was in the film A Streetcar Named                    SUCCEED

Desire (1974).  He became world known and a star was born.

TEST 12

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

…………………

…………………

………………….

pay

……………………..

solvency

  _____________

…………………..

…………………..

…………………..

say

      _____________

……………………

 ______________

current

……………………

     amuse

…………………

………………….

…………………

advertise

……………………..

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.      

Harry Houdini is said to be the greatest ___________________of all time.       MAGIC

He started doing his magic show professionally in the USA in 1891. In 1983

he met a fellow __________________called Bess Rahner. They married          PERFORM

three weeks later and, for the rest of Houdini’s career, Bess worked as

his ______________________on stage.                                                               ASSIST

Houdini manly concentrated on card tricks at the _________________               BEGIN

of his career. It was his incredible escape acts, though, that brought him

fame and great wealth.

In 1904 after a four-year _____________________tour, Houdini returned            EUROPE

to the States with cause for _____________________. He had become            CELEBRATE

a major star in the entertainment world and audiences couldn’t get enough

of his _____________________and exciting act. Houdini carried on                     DRAMA

thrilling audiences until his death in 1926, at the age of 52.

TEST 13

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

………………….

converse

………………….

wealth

 __________

…………………..

………………….

………………

  ____________

similar

………………….

………………….

…………………

………………….

produce

…………………….

……………………

character

………………..

…………………..

…………………………

……………………

…………………..

entertain

………………………….

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.     

The _________________of the island of Mauritius in 1505 was                        DISCOVER

the beginning of the end for the dodo. The dodo was a large bird

which was ___________________of flying and so spent its entire                     CAPABLE

life on the ground. When people first spotted the bird in 1598, it

seemed to have no fear of humans and was quite _______________.                   FRIEND

This was because it had always lived on an island where it had no

___________________enemies.                                                                            NATURE

The people on the island didn’t find the dodo ________________                      TASTE

to eat, but the cats and dogs that arrived with the people did. The dodo

was completely ____________________and by the 1690s it had                        HELP

died out on the island. The story of the dodo’s ________________                    APPEAR

is just one example of man’s effect on the environment.

TEST 14

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

…………………

…………………

    _______

honest

………………

……………………

pack

…………….

       ____________

 repair

  repair

……………………..

……………………..

      ………………..

bear

…………………..

……………………

……………………

………………….

frightful

hope

hope

……………………….

…………………………

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.     

Greek ___________________is full of amazing stories about gods                             MYTH

and heroes. These stories describe the ___________________actions                        HERO

of people such as Hercules and were well known in ancient Greece.

One such story is that of Daedalus, a skillful __________________,                          INVENT

and his son, Icarus. Daedalus and Icarus were put in prison on Crete

by King Minos. One day, Daedalus had a clever _________________.                        THINK

He decided to build giant wings from feathers and wax which would

________________them both to escape from the island. He built the wings                  ABLE

and gave Icarus _____________________not to fly too close to the                          INSTRUCT

sun because the heat would melt the wax. They escaped, but Icarus

forgot his father’s ___________________and flew too close to the sun.                     WARN

The wax melted and he fell into the sea, where he died.       

          

TEST 15

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

…………………….

…………………

false

…………………….

…………………

hard

theory

……………..

………………….

………………………..

home

  __________

…………………….

………………….

……………….

deep

……………………..

deceive

……………………….

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.     

Finding a good job is never easy at the best of times. In times of high

_______________________, with more and more people chasing fewer          EMPLOY

and fewer jobs, it becomes even more difficult.

______________________and skills can make all the difference. The             QUALIFY

better yours are, the less ______________________you will have in               DIFFICULT

finding a job. If you need to improve the skills, find out about the

____________________courses in your area. If there aren’t many jobs                TRAIN

in your area, it’s worth considering the ________________of moving.               POSSIBLE

You may not want to leave your friends and family, but choosing to

live a _________________where there is work may be the best solution.           LOCATE

And remember: the more ____________________forms you fill in,                   APPLY

the more your chances of being called for an interview increase.

TEST 16

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

……………………

measure

…………………..

…………………..

…………………..

interact

……………………..

………………………

 ___________

stupid

month

_____________   

…………………………

limit

limit

……………………..

…………………….

…………………………

read

……………….

……………………….

………………………..

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.     

In Britain, the AA (or Automobile Association) has been providing

______________________to drivers for over 100 years.                                      ASSIST

In that time, the ________________has grown from 100 drivers                         MEMBER

to 15 million. The AA are involved in many different _______________,           ACTIVE

including publishing books and maps. However, they are best known

for helping _____________________drivers who have had an accident               FORTUNE

or whose cars have broken down. They also try to persuade the

___________________to introduce new laws to help drivers and which             GOVERN

they think will improve road ______________. For example, the AA                  SAFE

were in favour of the 1983 law which made it ________________to                   LEGAL

drive without a seatbelt.

TEST 17

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

…………………..

sleep

………………………

……………………..

…………………..

…………………

special

………………….

add

…………………….

division

…………………….

……………………..

…………………….

………………….

annoy

………………………

invention

………………….

…………………………

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.     

A warm welcome always awaits you in ____________________ Brighton!         SUN

Only forty-five minutes from London by train, Brighton is the ideal place

both for relaxation and nighttime ____________________.                               ENTERTAIN

If you have to stay the night, there are hundreds of _________________          COMFORT

and reasonably-priced family-run hotels waiting to look after you. There’s

fun for all the family on Brighton Pier. You’ll have a __________________      WONDER

time!

And don’t forget to find time to look around the _________________Royal       AMAZE

Brighton Pavilion, too.

Enjoy fish and chips on the seafront, or splash out on a delicious meal at one

of the many ____________________ restaurants in town.                                       FASHION

We guarantee your stay in Brighton will be an ___________________                   FORGET

experience!

TEST 18

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

………………….

………………….

short

……………….

__________

proud

………………….

vary

……………………..

………………………..

……………………

……………………..

correspond

……………………

west

      ___________

…………………….

…………………….

suspect

……………………….

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.     

Since the days of Christopher Columbus it has been a tradition for a ship

to fly a flag showing what _______________________it is.                                     NATION

More recently, this has become a legal ______________________.                          REQUIRE

Almost every country in the world has its own __________________ flag,              DIFFER

called an ‘ensign’, which is flown at sea. Some countries have two ensigns:

one for private boats and one for ships carrying a cargo of _______________         COMMERCE

products. A boat in the waters of a foreign country should always fly two

flags: its own ensign and the flag of the foreign country. To not fly the

other country’s flag ______________________meant that you had not                    TRADITION

come in peace. Even today, the rules _____________________the flying                REGARD

of flags on boats and ships are often strictly enforced.

Ensigns should not be confused with flags used for signaling. With these

flags, there is one flag for every number and letter of the alphabet and each

flag has an additional ______________________when used on its own.                     MEAN

TEST 19

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

………………….

admire

………………..

offence

………………………

………………….

………………

    __________

rude

………………….

…………………..

compete

………………………

………………………..

…………………

   ____________

fair

…………………

rest

…………………

rest

…………………….

……………………

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.     

It is ___________________to travel back in time millions of years.               POSSIBLE

However, visit many museums and you will see detailed models

of huge, _______________________dinosaurs that once walked                   POWER

the Earth. When experts study these creatures, where do they get

their ______________________from? The answer is fossils. When                INFORM

an animal dies, its ____________________body can sometimes                       DIE

covered in a thin layer of earth. In certain circumstances, this layer

of earth can ______________________and turn into rock over time                 HARD

and the shape of the animal is preserved inside. We can learn about

the ____________________of an animal from a fossil. We can learn              LIVE

about its _______________________, its behavior and even its diet.               APPEAR

TEST 20

  1.  Complete the columns of the table where possible (you’ll see ---). Don’t forget negative forms.

noun

verb

adjective

………………….

complain

…………………..

prescription

……………………..

…………………….

…………………….

unite

……………………..

……………………

___________

democratic

…………………

………………

intensive

…………………

prefer

………………………

  1.  Complete the text with necessary forms of the words.     

Many encyclopedias state with _______________________that the  River        CONFIDENT

Nile in Africa is the longest in the world. Its  _________________is often           LONG

given as being 6, 695 kilometers. However, there are _________________         SCIENCE

who would question that. Indeed, some would argue that the River Amazon

in South America is in fact longer than the Nile.

At first _____________________it seems unbelievable that we don’t know           SEE

exactly how long the rivers are.

The situation becomes more __________________________, though, when      UNDERSTAND

we consider that there is not always ____________________about where             AGREE

a river actually starts. Also, how long a river is can change over time.

So perhaps the correct _______________________to the question “Which            RESPOND

is the longest river in the world?” should be: “It depends”.

TEST 21

Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given. Mind negative forms.

  1.  How dare she _________________________us when she sits            CRITIC

around doing nothing at all!

  1.  The mystery _______________________as yet another body               DEEP

was discovered.

  1.  Everywhere you could see evidence of the _________________         DESTROY

force of the enemy bombs.

  1.  He was most _______________________that we should bring             INSIST

warm clothes.

  1.  Because of her _______________________eyesight she’s unable            FAIL

to paint any more pictures.

  1.  That is supposed to be the ________________________price but         INCLUDE

you always seem to end up paying extra for something.

  1.  We hope to see more ________________________schools where        INTEGRATE

of different races can get used to working together.

  1.  Two of the ______________________showed us how to do a              INSTRUCT

hip throw.

  1.  The _______________________in population has led to problems         GROW

in providing services such as housing and hospitals.

  1.  I can’t stand _______________________so I didn’t go to the top          HIGH

of the tower with the others.

  1.  Our _______________________was delayed due to technical                    FLY

problems.

  1.  Every evening you hear the ________________________noise                DEAF

of motor-cycles revving up in the town square.

  1.  One of the ___________________________sat down in                 DEMONSTRATE

front of the lorry and refused to move.

  1.  It is an _____________________________fact that children                    DENY

watch too much TV.

TEST 22

Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given. Mind negative forms.

  1.  There was _____________________ all over his face and she                   BLEED

got frightened.

  1.  She became more and more ____________________as time                      ANXIETY

went by.

  1.  She looked at him in _______________________when he told                   BELIEVE

her the terrible news.

  1.  We have still received no __________________________of our                  CONFIRM

booking.

  1.  He seemed very reluctant to take my _______________________.              ADVISE
  2.  We can only catch criminals if we have the full ___________________     COOPERATE

of the general public.

  1.  She gave me a very _________________________look when she saw            APPROVE

wearing the correct uniform.

  1.  In ____________________________I would like to thank everybody          CONCLUDE

who has helped to make the show such a success.

  1.  She has made an invaluable __________________________to our           CONTRIBUTE

efforts.

  1.  The shop ___________________________ seemed to spend most              ASSIST

of the time talking rather than attending to customers.

  1.  They keep making _____________________________statements            CONTRADICT

so we don’t really know what they are going to do.

  1.  He’s normally very _____________________________so you’ll         COMMUNICATE

be lucky if you get any information out of him.

  1.  He left me with no __________________________ but to                          CHOOSE

disqualify him.

  1.  With her _________________________mind she was able to work             ANALYSE

out the best way to get everybody to the meeting on time.

TEST 23

Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given. Mind negative forms.

  1.  It was an extremely __________________________experience               PLEASE

which I never want to go through again.

  1.  The table is two meters in ______________________.                              LONG
  2.  The weather is so ____________________________that I don’t              PREDICT

know if I should take an umbrella or sun-tan lotion.

  1.  What a ________________________it is to be able to put your feet          RELIEVE

up!

  1.  The telephone service was very _______________________and we            RELY

spent hours trying to make a single call.

  1.  The sea defences need to be __________________________before             STRONG

the winter to reduce the risk of flooding.

  1.  There’s a _________________________of highly-skilled engineers             SHORT

so we might have difficulty getting the work done.

  1.  She’s not really _________________________for this job as she hasn’t       SUIT

had the right sort of training.

  1.  If they __________________________the road, that will mean more           WIDE

traffic and maybe more pedestrians being knocked over.

  1.  His _______________________ to sponsor the event came as a great           REFUSE

shock.

  1.  I wish I shared his ______________________but I really don’t                OPTIMIST

think this will work.

  1.  I could only get tickets for the afternoon _____________________.         PERFORM
  2.  They’re very _______________________about our chances of               PESSIMISM

success.

  1.  I didn’t know that I had a rich _________________________in France       RELATE

who had left me all his fortune.

TEST 24

Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given. Mind negative forms.

  1.  Some of the __________________________in this dictionary                DEFINE

          are more difficult to understand than the word they’re explaining.

  1.  He’ll be away for an ______________________ period.                        DEFINE
  2.  We have to ________________________ on electricity so make            ECONOMY
  3.  All the leading ________________________say that this country          ECONOMY

is heading for a recession.

  1.  We’ re _________________________twins so people have great            IDENTIFY

difficulty telling us apart.

  1.  You’ll need some form of ____________________________if               IDENTIFY

you want to draw money out of your account.

  1.  This is just an ________________________of the kind of thing              ILLUSTRATE

that could happen if you don’t wear a seat belt.

  1.  The judges were especially impressed by the ___________________      IMAGINE

use of light and shade in the painting.

  1.  It was supposed to be a _______________________performance             LIFE

but you could see she was miming.

  1.  I consider him to be one of the greatest _____________________            LIFE

poets.

  1.  After my holiday I had to get back to the _____________________          REAL

of the day office routine.

  1.  There are ________________________ways of making this soup              VARY

but I think mine is the best.

  1.  I’ve led a full and __________________________life but now                 VARY

I feel it’s time to settle down.1

  1.  This is the site of the _______________________extension to                 PROPOSE

the motorway.

  1.  She is at a very _____________________________age so we must           IMPRESS

make sure that she goes around with the right sort of people.

  1.  The film made a deep _____________________________on me.             IMPRESS

TEST 25

Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given. Mind negative forms.

  1.  Research has shown that when they were children, many

_____________________________sportspeople were more                      SUCCESS

_____________________________than their friends. Why?                      ADVENTURE

It seems that some children have very little ___________________         UNDERSTAND

of the potential risks of doing ________________________                     ACTIVE

like climbing trees or jumping from _______________________.             HIGH

They have faith in their own _____________________that even               ABLE

when they make somekind of _______________________which               CALCULATE

result in a fall or an injury, they don’t change their _______________  .    BEHAVE

Such children continue to ignore or ______________________adults          OBEY

who tell them not to do ___________________________things and          DANGER

their parents’ ________________________doesn’t seem to make              APPROVE

any difference to them. While some _________________________           SECURE

children may panic facing the ___________________________of             POSSIBLE

danger, others seem to ignore it and appear to be __________________.      FEAR

These may be the ones who go on to be the sportspeople of tomorrow.

  1.  Many people find their work rather _______________________. I get         BORE

a lot of ____________________________from my job. Advertising           SATISFY

can be very _________________________because you have to think          CREATE

of new ways to attract people’s _____________________________.          ATTEND

The best way to do this is by surprising them. _____________________      FAMILIAR

is boring and people soon get fed up with an _____________________      ADVERTISE

they have seen many times before. _________________________they      CONSCIOUS

want to be shocked. Apart from _________________________, the              ORIGINAL

other important ____________________________of a good campaign    CHARACTER

is memory. After all if people don’t remember what was being

advertised, they won’t buy the _____________________________.             PRODUCE          

 TEST 26

Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given. Mind negative forms.

                             A LENGTHY WAIT

We spent a few ____________________________days waiting until             ANXIETY

the _____________________________of our holiday finally came               CONFIRM

through. We were not exactly impressed by the _________________            EFFICIENT

of what we had been told was a ________________________travel         REPUTATION

agency.

My mother was most _________________________that I should phone         INSIST

her as soon as we arrived in New York. Rather ____________________       OPTIMISM

I had assured her that we would _________________________be there         DEFINE

by six at the latest.

____________________________, when we all arrived at the airport,            FORTUNE

we found that our ______________________had been delayed. When                FLY

we heard this, John, the youngest, showed his ____________________           PLEASE

by lying on the floor and sulking. I soon lost ______________________          PATIENT

with him after my attempts to bribe him with an ice-cream and sweets

proved completely ________________________.                                             SUCCEED

We had no _______________________but to settle down in a departure           CHOOSE

lounge full of ________________________children. You can imagine                NOISE

my ______________________when we were finally called to board                 RELIEVE

the plane.

________________________, I thought that our troubles would now                NATURE

be over. I was wrong. John made it clear that it was __________________            REAL

of us to expect him to walk all the way to the boarding gate. All his energy

had mysteriously disappeared. We tried gentle ____________________       PERSUADE

sweets, and more promises of ice-cream, but they were all ____________  .         USE

I had to carry him along the endless corridors and just as my _____________    STRONG

was about to give out, I saw the gate number in front of me. It was number 13!

TEST 27

Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given. Mind negative forms.

REALITY  SHOWS

           Despite the ____________________ by many critics that reality                SUGGEST

TV would be a very short-lived phenomenon, it is still increasing in

_______________________.  Several reality shows are                                 POPULAR

_______________________watched by millions of viewers each                  CURRENT

night, and it’s clearly a form of _____________________ that’s                ENTERTAIN

here to stay. Indeed, a number of people have become __________                        FAME

because of their ______________________in reality TV shows, and              INVOLVE

have gone on to have successful careers as ___________________,                         SING

_____________________or TV presenters. We can watch with                                  ACT

____________________ each night the ‘goings-on’ in the house                         EXCITE

(or bar or school of arts). The ________________________between             CONVERSE

the contestants are interesting, so we don’t get ________________,                       BORE

and there are frequently ___________________conflicts, which                           VARY

provide further ________________________. If the contestants have                 AMUSE

to give some kind of ______________________ at the end of the                  PERFORM

week, that’s even more appealing. But there’s a _________________                       SAY

in the TV industry: “it’s all in the editing”, and this is  especially true

of reality shows.

A SNOOKER PLAYER SPEAKS  

           When I first started playing snooker, I had no real _________________          KNOW

Of the rules. I just thought it looked an _____________________game.              ENJOY

Also, I didn’t need to buy any expensive ______________________because       EQUIP

the snooker hall near my house had tables and cues. I spent there

____________________ all the free time I had and then decided to enter       PRACTICE

an competition. It was great fun! My _______________________was                 OPPOSE

someone who had been playing for years. Of course he beat me, but the

fact that I’d lost didn’t put me off at all. ______________________,              FORTUNE

my game improved enough for me to become a professional player.

TEST 28

Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given. Mind negative forms.

CREATING YOUR OWN DISHES

Good cooking is always a strange ______________________of science            MIX

and art, and you certainly have to be ____________________creative              FAIR

if you want to come up with your own recipes. All cooking also demands

a fair amount of ____________________, and this is doubly true when          PREPARE

you are producing ______________________dishes. You also have to

be thick-skinned. I’ve had people tell me my latest dish is disgusting and

______________________inedible! Sometimes, they were right! But          THOROUGH

don’t get upset. Just smile _____________________and thank them                 SWEET

for their valuable opinion. And never forget that when you are waiting

______________________to hear whether or not your ‘masterpiece’              ANXIOUS

is a success and they suddenly show their ____________________,           APPRECIATE

you’ll realize it was worth it. My tips: home-grown vegetables are

always the tastiest. Every good cook needs a top-quality ____________.                 MIX

It’s an essential piece of kitchen equipment, not a luxury. Make sure you’ve

got lots of good-quality food storage ____________________. And,               CONTAIN

finally, remember that designing a new dish is not about ______________.       SAFE

It’s about taking risks, and learning from your mistakes.

BEING UNABLE TO READ

It  seems ____________________________to day not to provide children          THINK

with a decent education. There’s such an emphasis on ________________    ACADEMY

achievement these days that it’s easy to forget what a problem __________    LITERATE

used to be. Being unable to read can be ___________________embarrassing   INTENSE

and can make someone feel like a complete __________________.                         FAIL

The problem can seem _________________________. However, given              SOLVE

the right teacher, a lot of hard work and a ___________________amount        REASON

of time, anyone can learn. Being able to read can lead to an_____________    IMPROVE

quality of life.

TEST 29

Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given. Mind negative forms.

AFRICA

Ask a hundred ________________________what the route to wealth            ECONOMY

is and you’ll receive a hundred different answers. Since civilization

began, people have been trying to escape ________________and make         POOR

a better life for themselves. Throughout history, ordinary people’s

_________________lives have been a struggle for survival. This is still          DAY

true in parts of Africa, where _________________ and clean water are       ELECTRIC

luxuries. Is this situation _______________________or should we                ACCEPT

perhaps be giving more financial ______________________to African           ASSIST

countries facing these problems? How can we encourage more

_______________________in African countries so that the people can             INVEST

do more to help themselves? Many people believe that these countries

will become _______________________trading partners in the future              VALUE

and that one day the people will be ____________________.  The                    WEALTH

______________________is, however, that there is an enormous amount           REAL

of work to be done first.

VISIT TO A FASHION SHOW

            I was really _______________________about my first visit to a fashion         ENTHUSE

           show. I had always loved fashion but had only ever seen models in

           _________________________on TV. Finally, I was going to see a real       ADVERTISE

           show! I got out my most _____________________clothes. I wanted to            FASHION

           look as ____________________as the models. I don’t know if I was                   STYLE

           completely _______________________, but I never had much money to        SUCCESS

           spend on clothes and I felt ______________________, which is the main       ATTRACT

           thing. When we got there, it was fantastic! There were so many

           ________________________women! The show started and imagine my          BEAUTY

          surprise when, completely ______________________, the first model was       EXPECT

          wearing clothes just like I was! Everyone saw the ____________________      SIMILAR

          and a couple of people asked me who my ________________was! Amazing!     STYLE

TEST 30

Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given. Mind negative forms.

JOB FAIRS

Although a certain percentage of graduates will still be ________________      EMPLOY

Six months after leaving the university, the __________________will have        MAJOR

found _______________ by then. Many of these will even have been offered   EMPLOY

a job while at university, as a result of visiting a job fair.

Job fairs are held at many universities each year. Companies come along to

advertise jobs which are usually in _______________________, and the         MANAGE

career structures and benefit packages that go with them. Job fairs are an

_____________________way for undergraduates to find out what kind           EFFECT

of job they might be interested in.

If you go to a job fair, dress _______________________. Don’t wear        PROFESSION

jeans and a T-shirt. Wear a suit! You don’t want to look

__________________________   when you have your first meeting        RESPONSIBLE                                   

with your potential _______________________. If you are interested               EMPLOY

in a job on offer, you may have to fill out an _____________________                 APPLY

form, so it’s _____________________ to take along relevant information               HELP

with you. You’ll also need proof of all your ______________________,         QUALIFY

so don’t forget to take photocopies of all your certificates with you.

CHESSINGTON WORLD OF ADVENTURES

Chessington World of Adventures is an ______________________theme        EXCITE

Park, just 12 miles from London. There’s something for everyone in the

park. Animal _________________ will enjoy the ‘Trail of Kings’, where            LOVE

you can see gorillas, tigers and lions. One of the most popular

_______________________is the ‘Land of the Dragons’, a fast, fun roller      ATTRACT

coaster. Very young children will love ‘Toytown’, where you can go for

an _______________________flight on the back of a Flying Jumbo, or            ENJOY

drive one of the crazy cars. More _____________________visitors          ADVANTAGE

might try the ‘Vampire’. If heights make you ________________, the                NERVE

‘Vampire’ might not be for you. Riding fast high above the park can be

a ________________________experience!                                                            SCARE

KEYS

Suffixes. Noun Formation

  1.  actor;  musician; novelist; interviewee; waitress; accountant; footballers; worker; swimmer; librarian; politician; student; pianist; assistant; economist
  2.  teacher; waiter; chemist; mechanic; painter; secretary; pilot; receptionist; guide; engineer
  3.  murders; dances ballet; a person who directs films; a person who manages work in a bank; a person who employs people; a person who sings pop songs; a person who translates (texts); a person who drives a lorry; a person who takes photos; a person who studies art; a person who teaches.
  4.  payee; payer; trainee; trainer; employees; employers; interviewee; interviewer; examinees; examiner; addresser;  addressee; trustee; truster
  5.  decision; anxiety; socialism; happiness; improvement; discovery; arrival; childhood; absence; efficiency; curiosity; refusal; explanation; argument; agreement; investigation; suggestion
  6.  improvement; spoonful; intelligence; performance; collection; sadness; accuracy; ability
  7.  -ment: achievement, excitement

-ion: combination, imagination, recognition

-ness: friendliness, tenderness, ugliness

-ship: friendship, membership, ownership

-ity: absurdity, complexity, generosity, prosperity

-dom: freedom, wisdom

-hood: adulthood, motherhood

-th: depth, width

           8.  satisfaction; relationship; sensitivity; happiness; humour; retirement; kindness;    

                equality;

9.foreigner; childhood; stewardess; teenager; spoonful; neighbourhood; handful; machinery; booklet

10. friendliness; darkness; loneliness; tiredness; thoroughness; happiness; silliness; thinness; sickness

11. boredom; building; accommodation; refusal; actor; employee; imagination; cooker; advertisement; signature; explanation; success; description; argument; belief; behaviour; application; solution; pressure; performance; consideration; complaint; exhibition; communication; furniture; suggestion; movements; decisions; competitors; production; reviewer; loss; prediction; representative; receipt; marriage; knowledge; suspicion; discovery

12. truth; ability; hunger; ambition; confidence; difficulty; fame; depth; patience; length; bravery; security

13. television; election; education; government; weakness; stupidity; management; improvement

14.    1. freedom; personality; poetry; Londoners; publication

        2.  scientist; chemistry; inventor; product; disappointment; discovery

        3. movement; membership; employment; privacy; ability; stoppages

           

Adjective Formation. Participle Formation.

  1.  Russian; English; American; Asian; Ukrainian; Scandinavian; Australian; Polish; Spanish; Indian; Canadian; Egyptian; Japanese; Swede; Chinese
  2.  Undrinkable; comfortable; unsuitable; enjoyable; flexible; reliable; incomprehensible; unbreakable; divisible; terrible; sensible; hospitable; unpredictable; remarkable; responsible; disagreeable; digestible
  3.  Useless; hurtles; homeless; careless; hopeless; meaningless; endless; hairless; cureless; priceless; heartless
  4.  Musical; economical; economic; washable; knowledgeable; political; historic; historical; critical; imaginary; imaginable; imaginative; childish; childlike; sensitive; sensible; truthful; true; intolerant; intolerable; conscious; conscientious; inconsiderable; inconsiderate; respectable; respectful; industrious; industrial; advisable; advisory
  5.  Sunny, cloudy to see the stars tonight; foggy, we’ll have to cancel the trip; industrial town; dirty; drugs are dangerous; It is possible that it will rain today; Polish; the river was so deep; meaningful
  6.  Washable; striped; sleeved; helpful; reliable; independent; enjoyable; agreeable; cheerful; harried; beautiful; different; confident; doubtful; detailed; crowded
  7.  Heroic; musical; homeless; motherly; dangerous; foolish; rainy
  8.  Careful; colourful; cowardly; daily; doubtful; foggy; friendly; funny; ghostly; greasy; healthy; hopeful; hungry; successful; thoughtful; truthful; useful; wonderful
  9.  Enjoyable; forgetful; graceful; truthful; submissive; descriptive; reliable; changeable; active; comfortable; dreadful
  10.  Different; northern; sunny; rocky; powerful; endless; natural; beautiful; famous
  11.  National; original; Christian; difference; athletic; competitions; performance; movement
  12.  1. Careless; helpful; assistance; clumsiness; frustration

2. organization; excitement; colourful; explosion; expression; happiness

3. extension; builders; construction; impressive; useful

      13. shocking; reserved; screaming; satisfied; disgusting; confusing; loaded; frightening;   

          exhausting; disappointing; boring; tiring; unexpected; disturbing; thrilling; relaxing;  

          disappointed; blocked

  1.  interested; experienced; interesting; threatening; frightened; frightening; exhausted;   

exhausting; worried; terrifying; exciting; excited; surprised; surprising; shocked; shocking; tired; disappointing; disappointed; embarrassed; embarrassing; bored; confusing; annoying; challenging; relaxing; relaxed; amusing; amused; pleasing; pleased

Verb Formation

  1.  a. redden; tighten; soften; deepen; shorten; darken; brighten; weaken; blacken; whiten; sweeten; sharpen; strengthen; lengthen

b. simplify; purify; beautify; solidify; identify; falsify; intensify; electrify

c. characterize; crystalize; sympathize; agonize; apologize; organize; criticize; memorize; legalize; monopolize

           2.  activate; fasten; simplify; specify; shorten; classify; revolutionize; organize; redden;  

                 electrify; lengthen; nationalize; crystalize; deepen; theorize; darken; realize; widen;

                 clarify; lessen; optimize; energize; economize; diversify; customize; strengthen;  

                  purify;  modernize; threaten; familiarize; dominate; formalize

  1.  belief; breath; safe; practise; death; bath; relief; half; grieve; advice; blood; life;  solution; succeeded; practice; deceive; thought
  2.  equalize; maximize;  nationalize; privatized
  3.  built; used; prisoned; allowed; executed; kept; shown; guarded; contained
  4.  arrived; imagined; able; believe; hoped; realized
  5.  

VERB

ADJECTIVE

NOUN

contribute

contributive

contribution

choose

choosy

choice

analyze

analytic(al)

analysis

analyst

advise

advisable

advice

believe

believable

belief

contradict

contradictory

contradiction

approve

approving

approval

conclude

conclusive

conclusion

communicate

communicative

communication

bleed

bleeding/bloody

blood

succeed

successful

success

explain

explainable

explanation

prevent

preventive

prevention

consider

considerable

consideration

relate

relative

relation

know

knowledgeable

knowledge

legalize

legal

legacy

practise

practical

practice

electrify

electrical

electricity

electrician

persuade

persuasive

persuasion

think

thinkable

thought

symbolize

symbolic

symbol

introduce

introductory

introduction

popularize

popular

popularity

resist

resistive/resistant

resistance

realize

real

reality

explode

explosive

explosion

beautify

beautiful

beauty

weaken

weak

weakness

particularize

particular

particularity

  1.  

VERB

ADJECTIVE

NOUN

specify

specific

specification

deepen

deep

depth

invent

inventive

inventor

invention

construct

constructive

construction

constructor

economize

economic

economy

economics

economist

produce

productive

production

producer

enjoy

enjoyable

enjoyment

deceive

deceitful

deceit

nationalize

national

nationality

theorize

theoretical

theory

theorist

familiarize

familiar

familiarity

activate

active

activity

imagine

imaginary

imaginative

imaginable

imagination

strengthen

strong

strength

compete

competitive

competition

competitor

darken

dark

darkness

winterize

wintery

winter

differ

difference

different

manage

manageable

management

manager

agree

agreeable

agreement

attract

attractive

attraction

dramatize

dramatic

dramatist

depend

dependent

dependence

Adverb Formation

  1.  Adj., adv., adv., adj., adv., adj., adv., adj., adv., adj., adv., adj., adj., adv., adj., adv., adj.
  2.  Incredibly; heavily; possibly; dramatically; shyly; noisily; naturally; legibly; basically; shabbily; beautifully; comfortably; efficiently
  3.  a. terribly; wonderful; absolutely; simply; really; unfortunately; late; immediately

b. quiet; heavily; soft; suddenly; loud; nervously; anxiously; slowly; cold; quickly; horrible

    4. stressful; literally; thick; gorgeous; fantastic; actually; awful; sadly; trendy; volume-enhancing; extremely; expensive; quick; desperate; possible

    5. outstandingly; successfully; extraordinarily; very well; enthusiastically; frenetically

  6. fast; just; nearly; straight; near; far; lately; late; most; mostly; hardly; hard; shortly; short

   7. felt sick; sound wonderful; smell gorgeous; looks spectacular; tastes awful

   8. 1. Hardly; hardly; hard; hardly

       2. justly; just; justly; just

       3. near; nearly; nearly; nearly

      4. lately; late; late; lately

      5. fair; fairly; fairly; fair

       6. high; high; highly; highly

      7. sharp; sharply; sharp; sharply

      8. wide; widely; wide; widely

      9. really; real; real; really

     10. right; right; rightly; right

     11. wrong; wrongly; wrongly; wrong

9.  2. You have worked hard.

    3. Chris and Paul walk slowly.

    4. Georgia plays the piano well.

    5. Sue dances gracefully.

    6. Michael skated wonderfully.

    7. Mary writes carefully.

    8. Alex slept badly.

    9. Ann completed the course successfully.

  10. We moved to St. Petersburg shortly after that.

10. happy; well; hardly; good; ill; fast; quite; hard; terrible; extremely

11. lately; late; hard; hardly; lately; beautifully; friendlily; quickly; badly; happy; slowly; clever; perfect

12. hardly – hard; badly – bad; good – well; free – freely; happily – happy; lately – late; hardly – hard; shortly – short; large – largely; highly – high; closely – close; freely – free; high – highly

13.

NOUN SUFFIXES

VERB SUFFIXES

ADJECTIVE

SUFFIXES

ADVERB SUFFIXES

-ment

development

government

-ise/ize

specialize

organize

-al

cultural

accidental

-ly

slowly

widely

-al

arrival

approval

-fy

signify

qualify

-ly

friendly

motherly

-er

worker

singer

-en

whiten

soften

-ous

gorgeous

adventurous

-tion

solution

classification

-ate

associate

integrate

-ish

Polish

reddish

-ism

communism

racism

-ive

creative

communicative

-ist

dentist

specialist

-ic

heroic

economic

-ship

friendship

relationship

-en

wooden

golden

-ness

darkness

kindness

-ful

beautiful

successful

-ful

pocketful

handful

-ese

Chinese

Japanese

-th

depth

width

-able

comfortable

reliable

-less

helpless

heartless

Prefixes

  1.  disadvantage; unfortunately; impatient; disappear; unemployed; disagree; misunderstanding; indecisive; irresistible; nonsmoking
  2.  underwear; overcoat; outplayed; rewrite; overcooked; renew; underpaid; retake; overheard; unpack; misunderstood; reopen; overcharged; redo; disappeared; outrun; overworked; mistreated
  3.  overrated; overbalanced; undercoat; overflowed; oversimplifying; overstaffed; underpass; overgrown; overdone
  4.  

dis-

un-

il-

im-

in-

ir-

disagreeable

uninteresting

illiterate

impatient

inconvenient

irrelevant

distasteful

unattractive

illegal

immature

inflexible

irregular

dishonest

unjustified

illegible

immoral

insoluble

irresponsible

unfriendly

illogical

impossible

inexplicable

irrational

immortal

insignificant

irreversible

imperfect

indestructible

irreparable

impolite

irreplaceable

  1.  Illegal; undress; disagree; untidy; dislikes; impolite; unemployed; illegible; impatient
  2.  Unacceptable; unaccomplished; distrustful; unmistakable; irrational; illegal; immodest; unachievable; inaccurate; dissatisfaction; nonalcoholic; inattentive; unsocial; overpopulation; irresponsible; overdone
  3.  Dishonesty; indifference; mistreatment; misfortune; misunderstanding; independence; unimportance; insecurity; misusage; disobedience; disbelief; disadvantage; disorder; disproportion; discomfort; misdeed; disapproval
  4.  Impossible; unconscious; unavailable; invalid; insignificant; illegitimate; immovable; insincere; dissimilar; inaccurate; unbelievable; incomplete; unmarried; unsuccessful; unable; immodest; inexpensive; unbearable; disloyal
  5.  Disobey; misjudge; disorganize; misdirect; misinterpret; misspell; disarm; mishandle; misprint; mistreat; misguide; disbelieve; misbehave; mislead; mispronounce; discourage; disconnect; mistake; misuse; dissatisfy; distrust
  6.  1. i;   2.g;   3.b;  4.f;  5.a;  6.c ;  7.h;   8.e;   9.d;   10.k;   11.j
  7.  Endear; enfeeble; embitter; enlarge; enforce; enthrone; embed; entitle; ensure; ennoble; enrich; enslave; encourage; encircle; endanger; entrust; enrage; enrapture; embattle; empower.

Enriched; ennoble; enclosed; engraved; enabled; entangled; embraced

  1.  Illegal; illogical; immoderate; irrelative; irrational; irrecoverable; irrelevant; irregular; immodest; dishonest; incapable; impractical
  2.  Inedible; uneatable; unmovable; immovable; irremovable; misinformed; uninformed; disinterested; uninterested; immoral; amoral; dissatisfied; unsatisfied; unsatisfied; distrusted; mistrust; misplaced; displaced; misuse; disuse
  3.  Uncomfortable; independent; reusable; unlikely; impossible; dislike; unusual; unsuccessfully; unhealthy; unselfish; disappointment; uncontrolled; unshrinkable; inexperienced; unreliable; unhelpful; uninterested; unfriendly; unemployed; inconsistent
  4.  

                            IN-

                         UN-

Inexpensive

Unbelievable

Indecisive

Unhelpful

Inexcusable

Unprofitable

Insecure

Unfortunate

Inconsiderate

Unsuccessful

Incompetent

Unhealthy

Informal

Unpredictable

Insolvent

Unable

Indefinite

Uncivil

Incomplete

Unjust

Inseparable

Unquiet

Inactive

Unintentional

Invisible

Unstable

Incredible

Unreasonable

Inhuman

Unfair

Inedible

Untidy

Incomprehensible

Unsuitable

Insane

Uncomfortable

Insufficient

Unemotional

Indifferent

Unreliable

Incurable

Unacceptable

Independent

Uncommon

Indirect

Unbreakable

Incorrect

Unwilling

Inefficient

Unnecessary

Indecent

Unprofessional

Inexplicable

Untrue

Inconvenient

Unqualified

Inexperienced

Unfamiliar

Inappropriate

Unconscious

16.

DIS-

IM-

IL-

IR-

Disagreeable

Immature

Illegal

Irregular

Disreputable

Improbable

Illegible

Irresistible

Disloyal

Immoral

Illiterate

Irrelevant

Disobey

Imbalance

Illegitimate

Irreducible

Disorder

Immaterial

Illiberal

Irrespective

Disorganize

Imprudent

Irrationality

Disqualify

Impolite

Dissatisfied

Impatient

Disregard

Impossible

Discourage

Impartial

Dislike

Imperishable

Dismiss

Impersonal

Disconnect

Impractical

Displease

Disadvantage

Discount

17. unhealthy; experience; fortunate; unable; misunderstanding; impossible; insecurity;         conscious; misleading; disadvantage

Test 1.

1.

noun

verb

adjective

advice

advise

advisory

advisable

Approval

disapproval

Approve

disapprove

Approving

disapproving

assistant

assist

assisting

Belief

disbelief

Belief

Disbelieve

Believable

unbelievable

blood

bleed

Bleeding /bloody

contradiction

contradict

contradictory

  1.  Invention; French; responsible; flight; famous; scientific; heat; height; direction

Test 2.

1.

noun

verb

adjective

usage

user

use

Useful

useless

decoration

decorator

decorate

decorated

introduction

introduce

introductory

darkness

darken

dark

argument

argue

argumentative

economist

economy/economics

economize

economic

economical

2. recognizable; construction; thickness; prisoners; buildings; visitors; interesting

Test 3.

  1.  

noun

verb

adjective

smoothness

smoothen

smooth

Difference

indifference.

differ

Different

indifferent

success

succeed

Successful

unsuccessful

impression

impress

impressive

possibility

     ____

possible

impossible

Dependence

independence

depend

dependent

independent

  1.  Favourite; acting; performance; dangerous; director; behavior; boring

Test 4.

  1.  

noun

verb

adjective

Child

childhood

     ____________

childish

childlike

information

inform

informative

length

lengthen

long

conclusion

conclude

conclusive

attraction

attract

attractive

significance

signify

Significant

insignificant

  1.  Traditional; teacher; different; original; musical; researcher; composition

Test 5

  1.  

noun

verb

adjective

courage

Encourage

discourage     

courageous

blackness

blacken

black

bore

boredom

   ___________

 

boring

Obedience

disobedience

obey

Obedient

disobedient

Creator

creation

create

creative

Popularity

popularize

popular

  1.  Unsolved; originally; sailors; astonishment; completely; excellent; unlucky

Test 6

  1.  

noun

verb

adjective

meaning

mean

Meaningful

meaningless

regularity

regularize

regular

irregular

organization

Organize

disorganize

organized

broadness

broaden

broad

practice

practice

practical

impractical

Relation

relationship

relate

Relative

Irrelative

  1.  Increasingly; competitive; energetic; distance; performance; unnecessary; successful; psychological; strength

Test 7

1.

noun

verb

adjective

legacy

legalize

legal

illegal

denial

deny

Deniable

undeniable

friend

friendship

         _______

 

Friendly

unfriendly

Employer

employee

Employment

unemployment

employ

Employed

unemployed

industry

Industrialize

Industrious

industrial

chemistry

chemist

   __________

chemical

2. researchers; ability; equipment; comparison; historical; detailed; unpredictable

Test 8

  1.  

noun

verb

adjective

allowance

allow

Allowable

Analysis

Analyst

Analyze

Analytic (al)

type

     typify

typical

tolerance

tolerate

Tolerant

Intolerable/intolerant

knowledge

know

knowledgeable

beauty

beautify

beautiful

  1.  Prehistoric; arrival; wooden; useful; economic; growth; inhabitants; global

Test 9

  1.  

noun

verb

adjective

Manager

management

manage

manageable

Actuality

actualize

actual

prison

prisoner

imprisonment

imprison

imprisoned

Recognition

recognize

recognisable

humour

   ____________

Humorous

Humourless

power

Empower

Powerful

powerless

  1.  Contribution; achievement; poverty; childhood; expression; development; death; frequently

Test 10

  1.  

noun

verb

adjective

conviction

convince

convincing

quickness

quicken

quick

intension

intend

Intentional

unintentional

correction

correct

corrective

flight

fly

flying

critic

criticize

critical

  1.  Similarities; players; differences; professional; particularly; national; popularity

Test 11

1.

2. Generation; talented; education; student; reality; various; success

Test 12

1.

2. magician; performer; assistant; beginning; European; celebration; dramatic

Test 13

1.

2. discovery; incapable; friendly; natural; tasty; helpless; disappearance

Test 14

1.

2. mythology; heroic; inventor; thought; enable; instructions; warning




1. Федор Михайлович Достоевски
2.  Всі наші давніші військові формації орґанізувалися з почину держави й мали характер державного війська; Коз
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14. Образ Татьяны Лариной
15. Тема- Графічний редактор Paint
16. Все что не убьет меня и сделает меня сильнее ~ приемлемо Известный культурист Практически все соревно
17. АРБИС Серия мастерклассов от ведущих специалистовконсультантов АРБИС
18. на тему- Анализ рынка корпоративных информационных систем КИС Выполнил- студент 2 курса гру
19. Следовательно объект науки ' это явление процесс или их отдельные стороны которые существуют в реальной
20. мя ст ложками оливкового масла

Материалы собраны группой SamZan и находятся в свободном доступе