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Английский язык для студентов специальности ТМ, 2 курс
Вариант III
1. The chemists subjected the substances obtained in the laboratory to a chemical change. 2. The data user helped scientists to determine the structure of a new ma chine. 3. The success achieved by a group of workers resulted in greater labour pro ductivity. 4. The properties mentioned illustrated the catalyst action in this reaction.
1. Having been repaired, the receiver operated properly. 2. Having lost some of its electrons the atom has a positive charge. 3. Popov's works having been studied with greatest attention in France, his apparatus was produced on a mass scale there. 4. Electrical devices find a wide application in every house, a refrigerator being one of them.
1. The text to be translated described first experiments with electricity. 2. Newton considered momentum to be the measure of quantity of motion. 3. These devices are considered to be very effective. 4. This method appears to be quits satisfactory. 5. We expect a computer to work for at least several hours without a fault.
to prove – оказываться
to be of no less importance – представлять не меньшую ценность
as for – что касается
light amplitude radio waves – радиоволны с амплитудой света
QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
1. A few years ago Soviet scientists opened up a new field of research in elec tronics – quantum electronics radio engineering. Quantum electronics was born when a new method was proposed for generating and amplifying radio waves by making use of quantum Microsystems, molecules, atoms and so on. This method has proved to be very fruitful.
2. On the basis of radio-frequency quantum generators clocks were developed, the accuracy of these clocks amounting to one second for 3 years.
3. Of no less importance are the quantum amplifiers that considerably increase the sensitivity of radio receivers. Quantum amplifiers are known to operate at tem- peratures close to absolute zero. As for radio receivers developed on the basis of quantum amplifiers, they are tens and even hundreds of times more sensitive than conventional receivers. This great increase in sensitivity opens up great future for radar, radio navigation, space radio communications, radio astronomy and other of fields of science and technology.
4. Soviet scientists are successfully developing quantum generators, called la sers, for emitting light amplitude radio waves. These lasers are luminescent crystals, the crystals of synthetic ruby, luminescent glass, a mixture of various gases and semicon ductors.
5. The Lebedev Institute of Physics works on the development of semiconduc tor lasers. Perhaps the most interesting thing about semiconductor lasers is that they can transform electrical energy directly into light wave energy. They do this with efficiency approaching one hundred per cent. The development of powerful highly efficient semi conductor lasers considerably raised the power efficiency of a number of technological processes.
6. The research work of our physicists has got recognition all over the world. In December of 1984 two of the group of research workers were awarded a Nobel prize.
1. Lasers are luminescent crystals, the crystals of synthetic ruby, a mixture of various liquids and semiconductors. 2. Two of the group of research workers has been awarded a Nobel prize. 3. Semiconductor lasers transform electrical energy directly into light wave energy. 4. The research work of our physicists has got recognition in our country only. 5. Quantum generator are designed for emitting light amplitude radio waves. 6. The power efficiency of a number of technological processes has been raised thanks to the development of powerful highly efficient semiconductor lasers.
1. Has a group of the Institute scientists been awarded a Lenin prize for its work? 2. How do new clocks measure time? 3. What temperatures do quantum amplifiers op erate at? 4. What trend in science has been developed by soviet scientists? 5. On the basis of what generators have new clocks been made? 6. Can lasers operate at low temperatures?