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Министерство образования Российской Федерации
Волжский государственный инженерно-педагогический университет
Даричева М.В.
ENGLISH FOR DESIGNERS
Учебно-методическое пособие
Нижний Новгород
2006
ББК 81.2 Англ.
Д-
Даричева М.В. English for Designers: Учебно-методическое пособие. – Н.Новгород: ВГИПУ, 2006 – 76 с
Рецензенты:
О.Г. Красикова – кандидат педагогических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой иностранных языков ВГИПУ;
В.К. Шкунова – кандидат педагогических наук, доцент, заместитель заведующего кафедрой иностранных языков ВГИПУ.
Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов очного отделения профессионально-педагогического института, обучающихся по специальности «Дизайн интерьера».
Пособие состоит из текстов, освещающих различные аспекты темы «Дизайн», тренировочных лексических упражнений и коммуникативных заданий. Данная разработка имеет практическую и профессиональную направленность.
© Даричева М.В.
© ВГИПУ, 2006
Введение
Предлагаемая учебно-методическая разработка содержит систематизированный минимум языкового материала по теме «Дизайн». Пособие включает в себя тексты, учебный словарь, разнообразные лексические упражнения, способствующие усвоению материала, и творческие задания, помогающие осуществить контроль над степенью усвоения.
Данное учебное пособие направленно также на совершенствование навыков чтения. К текстам прилагаются задания для проверки понимания прочитанного, упражнения на усвоение и расширение словарного запаса обучаемых, речевые задания, служащие активизации изучаемых лексических явлений.
VOCABULARY
Read and learn the following words:
design – 1) замысел, план; Syn: plan, project; 2) чертеж, эскиз, набросок; рисунок, узор; Syn: delineation; 3) модель, шаблон; лежащая в основе схема; композиция; 4) дизайн; school of design — школа дизайна
to design – 1)проектировать; конструировать to design a building — спроектировать здание; 2) делать эскизы, наброски; создавать узоры; Syn: to sketch , to delineate, to draw
to delineate – 1) набрасывать, чертить, намечать; 2) схематически изображать (то, что должно быть создано); делать набросок
to sketch – рисовать эскиз, делать набросок
to draw – чертить, рисовать (карандашом), набрасывать рисунок
to create – 1) порождать, производить, создавать, творить; Syn: to originate, to produce, to design, to make; б) задумывать (создание чего-л.), проектировать, разрабатывать; Syn: design
designer – 1) конструктор, проектировщик; Syn: planner; 2) чертежник; Syn: draftsman, draughtsman 4) рисовальщик; Syn: artist; 5) модельер, дизайнер; fashion designer — художник-модельер, designer clothes — одежда от известного дизайнера, стильная одежда 6) дизайнер; interior designer — дизайнер по интерьеру
decorator – 1) дизайнер, оформитель; an interior decorator — дизайнер по интерьеру 2) мастер по внутренней отделке помещений (штукатур, маляр, обойщик и т. п.)
to decorate – украшать, отделывать
decorated – декорированный, украшенный Syn: embellished
decoration – 1) украшение; убранство; 2) наружная и внутренняя отделка, украшение дома
décor – 1) театральные декорации, художественное оформление (спектакля); 2) а) проектирование интерьеров помещений, дизайн б) оформление выставок
decorative – декоративный; Syn: ornamental
ornamental – декоративный, служащий украшением, орнаментальный
decorative art – декоративное искусство
artist – художник; Syn: creator, designer, painter, stylist
painter – 1) живописец, художник; landscape painter — пейзажист; Syn: artist 2) маляр; Syn: decorator, paper-hanger
stylist – 1) стилист (о писателе, музыканте); 2) модельер (создающий одежду, прически); 3) дизайнер, специалист по интерьеру
master of style – стилист
creator – 1) творец, создатель; автор; 2) дизайнер, создатель костюмов
draughtsman, draftsman – чертежник; рисовальщик
architect – 1) архитектор, зодчий; 2) создатель, автор, творец
architectural – архитектурный
architectonic – 1) архитектурный; 2) конструктивный
WORK ON THE VOCABULARY
I.
1. Match the translation:
1) to design a) рисовать (карандашом)
2) to delineate b) проектировать
3) to sketch c) создавать
4) to draw d) украшать
5) to create e) чертить, набрасывать
6) to decorate f) рисовать эскиз
2. Fill in the gaps with the verbs in the appropriate form. Some of the verbs can be used twice: to design, to delineate, to sketch, to draw, to create, to decorate. Then make up your own sentences with these verbs.
1) Some people believe that God … the world.
2) Who … the Sydney Opera House?
3) It took him a few days to … the design drawing of the shopping centre.
4) This building … by a famous architect.
5) At Christmas we … the living rooms with coloured paper and lights.
6) The assignment at the lesson was to … a horse in motion.
7) He decided not to draw the picture but to … that landscape.
8) That outstanding artist managed to … a real masterpiece of art.
9) We made up our mind to … the bedroom with blue paint and a gold paper.
3. Match the verbs with their definitions:
1) to design a) to make a picture of something with a pen or pencil
2) to delineate b) to make a quickly-made simple drawing
3) to sketch c) to work out the structure or form of something
4) to draw d) to make more attractive by adding some ornament
5) to create e) to produce something new
6) to decorate f) to show by drawing
II.
1. Match the translation:
1) designer a) создатель
2) decorator b) живописец
3) artist c) стилист
4) painter d) проектировщик, конструктор
5) stylist e) художник
6) creator f) архитектор
7) draftsman g) оформитель
8) architect h) чертежник
2. Match the nouns with their definitions:
1) designer a) he is qualified to design and supervise the construction of buildings
2) interior decorator b) he plans and chooses the colours, furnishing for the inside of a room or a house
3) artist c) he makes drawings of equipment, machinery, or buildings
4) painter d) he makes plans or patterns from which things are made
5) stylist e) he produces works of art such as paintings or sculpture
6) creator f) he produces something new, originates
7) draftsman g) he acts with great attention to the particular style
8) architect h) he paints pictures
3. Make up your own sentences with these nouns.
III.
1. Match the translation:
1) design a) создание. творение
2) decoration b) украшение, орнамент
3) décor c) рисунок, сделанный ручкой, карандашом или мелком
4) drawing d) стиль, манера
5) painting e) чертеж, набросок
6) sketch f) убранство, украшение дома
7) creation g) живопись, картина
8) ornament h) замысел, план; дизайн
9) style i) эскиз
10) architecture j) проектирование интерьеров помещений; оформление
11) delineation k) архитектура
2. Match the nouns with their definitions:
1) architecture a) something brought into existence
2) decoration b) a quick rough drawing
3) décor c) the style in which a building is designed and built
4) drawing d) the way in which something is done
5) painting e) a picture produced by using paint
6) sketch f) an addition that makes something more attractive
7) creation g) a picture or plan made by means of lines on a surface
8) style h) a style of interior decoration and furnishings in a room or house.
3. Fill in the gaps with the following nouns: sketches, paintings, drawings, architecture, design, style, décor, decoration, creation.
1) In St. Petersburg tourists always admire the classical style of … .
2) The success of this car shows the importance of good … in helping to sell product.
3) It’s very pleasant to make Christmas … of your apartments.
4) It’s a good restaurant but I don’t like the … there.
5) The experts presented the paintings in the … of Picasso.
6) The artist made a few … of the landscape.
7) The teacher showed us Rembrandt’s … for his paintings.
8) The … of this writer produced a great impression on the public.
9) I’ve always admired Monet’s early … .
4. Make up your own sentences with the nouns from ex.1.
IV.
1. Match the adjectives with their synonyms:
1) architectonic a) ornamental
2) creative b) fashionable, smart
3) stylish c) constructive
4) decorative d) tasteful, aesthetic
5) artistic e) imaginative, ingenious
6) decorated f) embellished
2. Fill in the gaps with the following adjectives: creative, inventive, constructive, decorated, decorative, ornamental, stylish. In some of the sentences two variants are possible.
1) This … interior designer realizes interesting ideas in his design projects.
2) The … streets looked wonderfully and everybody felt New Years’ Day was coming.
3) They were not able to accept his … criticism towards their architectural plans.
4) The last collection of that … fashion designer left an unforgettable impression with the public.
5) The young man is considered to be a very … musician.
6) My mother is fond of … art very much.
7) His … designs for the new college building impressed the customers greatly.
8) The photograph of her grandparents in a(n) … frame stood on the dressing table.
3. Make up your own sentences with the adjectives from ex.1.
TEXT 1
1. Read the text.
Architect Yury Andreev says he likes simple things and sim ple, ordinary food; but VILLA, the restaurant he has designed on Moscow's Myasnitskaya street, offers only refined European cuisine. He also says he does not like to travel doing so only when absolutely necessary and preferring a little evening reading, especially of architectural albums, to a change of scenery. But since the disappearance of the Soviet Union, he has spent his life travelling between two countries: Russia and Latvia. Yury is convinced that an interior decorator is simply an architect in truncated form, and for this reason never engages decorators to take part in his projects. He designed and decorated VILLA, his latest creation, from start to finish entirely on his own in the best traditions of Art Deco. The simple, but elegant furniture combined with the exotic decor; the abundance of sculpture in the interior; the beauty of line; the expressiveness of the materials; the blue, red, brown, and gold: all this is evidence of style. Add the genuine smell of money in the air and what you get is Art Deco, a style "whose main goal was the creation of prosperity and luxury in the years of the lost generation," as Soviet art critics used to write. They, of course, hated Art Deco as a class enemy — but we love it.
art deco – арт деко (декоративный стиль, популярный в 1930-е годы; отличается яркими красками и геометрическими формами)
refined European cuisine – изысканная европейская кухня
to a change of scenery – зд. для смены обстановки (scenery – 1) декорации сцены; 2) вид, пейзаж; ландшафт)
in truncated form – в усеченной форме
to engage – зд. нанимать (Syn. to hire)
abundance – изобилие, богатство
genuine – истинный, подлинный
2. Choose the most suitable title to the text:
1) The life of the architect Yury Andreev.
2) The style of architecture in Moscow.
3) The best traditions of Art Deco in modern architecture.
4) The style of restaurants in Moscow.
3. True or false?
1) Yury Andreev thinks that an interior decorator and an architect are the same.
2) He designed and decorated the restaurant “Villa” without assistance.
3) The restaurant he has designed is famous for its simple, ordinary food.
4) Art Deco is remarkable for its rich decoration.
5) Yury Andreev is fond of traveling very much.
6) He used the ideas of Art Deco in that project.
4. Find the English equivalents in the text:
Предлагает, особенно, архитектурный, дизайнер интерьера, архитектор, принимать участие, последнее творение, самостоятельно, изысканная мебель, изобилие скульптуры, выразительность, признак стиля, процветание и богатство.
5. Find the synonyms in the text:
Elementary, to originate, landscape, to be confirmed (to be sure, to be persuaded), a designer, to participate (to collaborate), indication of style, an aim, real (true, authentic).
6. Translate the sentences into English.
1) Ресторан «Вилла» в Москве спроектирован архитектором Юрием Андреевым.
2) Дизайн интерьера выполнен в лучших традициях стиля арт деко.
3) Декораторы никогда не принимают участия в его дизайнерских проектах.
4) Интерьер ресторана поражает изобилием скульптуры, красотой линий, выразительностью материала и цвета.
5) Идея автора заключается в создании атмосферы процветания и богатства.
7. Make up sentences with the following phrases:
1) project (проект, план; программа (строительства и т. п.)
to take part in a project – принять участие в проекте
to carry out a project — осуществлять план, выполнять программу
to shelve a project — откладывать проект "в долгий ящик"
2) tradition (традиция; старый обычай)
in the best traditions of – в лучших традициях
to break with tradition — порывать с традицией
to establish, to start a tradition — устанавливать традиции
to maintain, to preserve a tradition — поддерживать, хранить традицию
3) furniture (мебель, обстановка)
antique furniture — старинная мебель
garden, lawn, outdoor, patio furniture — мебель для сада
modern furniture — современная мебель
office furniture — офисная мебель
secondhand, used furniture — мебель, бывшая в употреблении
a piece of furniture — предмет мебели/обстановки
4) sculpture (изваяние, скульптура)
to cast a sculpture — отливать скульптуру
to create, produce a sculpture — создавать скульптуру
5) style (стиль, манера)
to develop style — развивать/улучшать стиль
to polish one's style, to refine one's style — шлифовать стиль
6) sketch (набросок, схематичный рисунок, эскиз)
to draw, make a sketch — сделать набросок
composite sketch — сложный эскиз
rough sketch — предварительный набросок
8. Describe the style of Art Deco using the phrases from the text:
- elegant furniture - the expressiveness of the materials
- exotic décor - the blue, red, brown and gold colours
- the abundance of sculpture - the creation of prosperity and luxury
- the beauty of line - the genuine smell of money
The following phrases can help you:
Nowadays Art Deco is one of the most popular styles of design…
The best traditions of Art Deco style are …
The interior in traditions of Art Deco can be…
The interior designed and decorated in art Deco style is usually…
The most expressive evidence of Art Deco style is…
The colours used in Art Deco are …
TEXT 2
1. Read the text.
Museums come in different categories: there are treasure houses of world importance and small provincial museums on the other.
Every second summer, Monaco hosts a true festival of all the arts. Since 1975, Monaco has held a biennial antiques fair, which attracts all the most expensive art of private collections. Everything on sale here has to pass a tough selection procedure, and this turns the fair into a parade of top-quality world art.
The Monaco Antiques Fair is the brainchild of three towering figures from the European antiques world — Mario Bellini, Jacques Perrin, and Maurice Segoura. They based the event on a very clear concept: a limited number of participants and objects of truly exceptional quality.
Visitors have the opportunity to feast their eyes on canvases in gilded frames; graphic art by French, Italian, and Flemish masters; contemporary painting; and a great quantity of furniture, pieces of applied art, old gobelins, carpets, and some lavish sculptures.
The antiques dealers display their treasures in the Sporting d'Hiver, building in the Art Deco style. The fair is visited by up to 20,000 antiques aficionados.
treasure house – сокровищница
biennial – повторяющийся каждые два года
antiques fair – ярмарка антиквариата
to turn into – превращать
brainchild – замысел, изобретение, идея
towering – возвышающийся
to feast one’s eyes on – испытывать наслаждение от, радоваться от
lavish – чрезмерный, богатый
aficionado – приверженец, ревностный поклонник
2. True or false?
1) The antiques fair is held in a European museum by Monaco.
2) The organizers of the festival pick out the objects for the fair very strictly.
3) At the fair one can find antiques of high quality only.
4) The idea of this fair is the following: the more participators, the better.
5) The next festival of antiques will be in two years.
3. Find the English equivalents in the text:
мирового значения, принимать (гостей), частный, высокое качество, идея (x2), полотно, большое количество, прикладное искусство
4. Find the synonyms in the text:
to hold a celebration, two-year, to captivate (to fascinate), high-priced, personal, strict, outstanding, modern (present day), to show, fans.
5. Answer the questions to the text:
1) When did the tradition of this biennial antique fair start?
2) Can any antiques collection be displayed at the fair in Monaco?
3) What is the main concept of the festival?
4) What pieces of antiques can visitors see at the fair?
6. Translate the sentences into English:
1) Ярмарка антиквариата в Монако привлекает многих посетителей.
2) На ярмарке представлены предметы антиквариата высокого качества.
3) Антиквариат на ярмарке в Монако известен своим действительно исключительным качеством.
4) Ревностные поклонники антиквариата испытывают наслаждение от полотен в позолоченных рамках, старинных гобеленов, богатой скульптуры.
5) Здание, где проводится ярмарка, спроектирован в стиле арт деко.
7. Make up a dialogue “An interview with the organizers of the antiques fair in Monaco”.
TEXT 3
1. Read the text
Gareth Williams, London’s trendiest museum curator, speaks about the Victoria and Albert museum in London:
“The Victoria and Albert Museum was established as a collection showcasing industrial design; it was never a museum of fine arts. The driving idea is to inspire designers and the industry in general to create beautiful things. Today, we are returning to these origins; we are in the very centre of the creation of style. The museum has undergone some appreciable changes: it’s become a more fascinating place to work. We now pay more attention to contemporary design and architecture. Open evenings and fashion shows at the museum attract visitors who only five to ten years ago had never even heard of it. The museum has become more responsive to new developments and is part of a programme for promoting British designers…”
The Victoria and Albert Museum – a museum in central London that has valuable decorative objects of all styles and periods and from all over the world, such as paintings, glass, clothes and jewellery.
to showcase – выставлять, демонстрировать
to undergo some changes – переносить некоторые изменения
appreciable – заметный, существенный
2. Find the English equivalents in the text:
изобразительное искусство, движущая идея, создание стиля, обращать внимание, отзывчивый
3. Match the synonyms:
1) to inspire a) to regard
2) to create b) to display, to demonstrate
3) to attract c) to encourage
4) to consider d) to make, to invent, to produce
5) to promote e) to give an incentive, to support
6) to showcase f) to captivate, to fascinate
Fill in the gaps with the appropriate form of these verbs:
a) Their new design project … a lot of attention of the public.
b) The decorators managed to … a special atmosphere of that interior.
c) The main aim of the exhibition is to … British design.
d) They arranged a big advertising campaign to … their new stylish clothes.
e) The innovations in the field of interior design … them to work harder.
f) Your ideas concerning the architecture of this building will be carefully … .
4. Find the synonyms in the text:
basis, attractive (captivating, charming), modern (up-to-date), vogue, innovations
5. Make up sentences with the following phrases:
fashion (мода)
to set a fashion — устанавливать моду
to come into fashion — входить в моду
to go out of fashion — выходить из моды;
current fashion(s) — нынешняя мода
the latest fashion(s) — последняя мода
in fashion — в моде
out of fashion – вышедший из моды
6. Translate into English:
1) Коллекция промышленного дизайны была выставлена в этом музее на прошлой неделе.
2) Изобразительное искусство всегда вдохновляет дизайнеров на создание нового декора в интерьере.
3) Одной из самых сложных дизайнерских задач является создание своего собственного стиля.
4) В настоящее время современной архитектуре уделяется много внимания.
5) Эта выставка современного дизайна привлекает много посетителей.
TEXT 4
1. Read the text
The twentieth century is the first century of self-conscious, total design at every level of our living and environment. Care and vision in application of design are demanded in every aspect of modern life - from our kitchens and bathrooms, to our factories and workshops, from our clothes and domestic objects, to the packaging of pocket calculators or the structuring of plastic dining chairs.
Although the word has been used since at least the fifteenth century, when Italian writers spoke of 'disegno' in describing the quality of line possessed by an image, in all essentials 'design' is an industrial or post-industrial concept. With the introduction of mass-production, the people who invented ideas for objects became separated from the people who made them who, again, were separated from the people who sold them. The industrial revolution also created the concept of the market. Personal need was replaced by a more abstract demand: the tastes of a large, amorphous body of consumers.
The modern designer came into being as an intermediary between industry and the consumer. His role was to adapt the products of industry to the mass market, to make them more useful and durable, perhaps, but to make them more appealing and commercially successful, certainly. Commercial success is the touchstone of achievement in design, although designers in different cultures have often taken different views as to how the achievement is measured or the success validated.
self-conscious – самосознательный
application – применение, использование, употребление
in all essentials – по всей своей сути
consumer – потребитель
intermediary – посредник
durable – надежный
touchstone – критерий
achievement – достижение
to measure – измерять
to validate – объявить действительным, придать законную силу
2. Choose the most suitable title to the text:
1) The origin of the word design.
2) The modern concept of the market.
3) The introduction of design into our living.
4) Design as an industrial or post-industrial concept of style.
5) The main task of modern designers.
3. Find the English equivalents in the text:
внимание и проницательность, мастерские, качество линии, образ, промышленная революция, требование, вкус, приспособить
4. Match the synonyms:
1) to demand a) to accommodate, to adjust
2) to describe b) to have, to own
3) to possess c) to reach, to attain
4) to invent d) to require, to request
5) to separate e) to detach, to disconnect
6) to adapt f) to create, to make
7) to achieve g) to portray, to depict
Fill in the gaps with the appropriate form of these verbs:
1) There are many who will work hard to … these goals.
2) The work … your immediate attention.
3) At the last meeting with the customers the decorator … his design project.
4) Shelves were built to … the library for use as an office.
5) The director of the firm was interested to know if we … any architectural plans.
6) If you don’t have a creative way of thinking, it’ll be difficult to … something new.
7) The garage is … from the house by a path and a flower garden.
5. Make up your own sentences with the following verbs and phrases:
to describe – описывать, рассказывать, изображать; характеризовать(ся)
to describe in detail, to describe minutely — подробно описывать
to describe vividly — живо описывать
to depict – изображать на картине, рисовать, описывать,
to portray – рисовать портрет; изображать (кого-л.), давать словесное описание (чего-л.), описывать
to portray with a few strokes — обрисовать несколькими штрихами
Complete the sentences with the appropriate form of the verbs to describe, to depict, to portray or the nouns formed from these verbs: description, depiction, portrait (two variants are possible), then make up your own sentences with these words.
1) This painting … the birth of Venus.
2) The author of the novel … him as a rather unpleasant character.
3) The magazine has given a detailed … of the latest fashion show.
4) The décor of the new restaurant was marvelous beyond … .
5) This work of art … the death of Nelson.
6) A wealthy man commissioned the artist to paint his … .
6. Change the sentences into Passive.
1) In the painting the artist portrayed two young women in stylish clothes.
2) The writer has described the main character very vividly.
3) The author will depict the concept of modern design in his article in the next issue.
4) The painter was portraying a famous politician when a visitor called on him.
5) The designer usually describes his creative ideas to the customers.
7. Match the parts of the sentences:
1) The 20th century is the first century of … a) … the quality of line.
2) Every aspect of modern life demands … b) … the mass market.
3) The Italian writers used the word “disegno” c) … industry and
to describe … the consumer.
4) The industrial revolution created the concept of … d) … total design.
5) The modern designer is an intermediary between … e) … application of design.
6) The modern designer adapts the products of f) … the market.
industry to …
8. Translate into English:
1) Любой уровень нашей жизни связан с дизайном.
2) Каждый аспект нашей жизни требует применения дизайна.
3) Постиндустриальная концепция дизайна связана с введением массового производства.
4) Вкусы большого количества потребителей определяют направление промышленного дизайна.
TEXT 5
1. Read the text
Design in business and advertisement means much. The story of style in the applied arts since the mid-to late fifties has been dominated by various new forces, including social and economic factors and certain aspects of technical and scientific progress. Now we have computer design, web design, advertisement design (for example consumer-product branding design) and the whole fashion of different types of ad, colors and so on.
The late fifties saw the birth of advertising as we know it today, a high-powered business dedicated to the development effective marketing techniques; it involved new design concepts and a whole new professional jargon of product packaging, market research, corporate images and house style.
The Pop Art movement embraced the work of a new generation of artists of late fifties and early sixties of both sides of the Atlantic. In Britain, in addition to the Independent Group, there were Peter Blake, Allen Jones. In USA Jasper Johns, Tom Wesselman, Claes Oldenburg and other formalized the language of product packaging, from beer cans to Campbell's Soup tins of strip cartoons, fast food, advertising hoardings and pin-ups.
Pop Art at once reflected and glorified mass-market culture and injected a new vigour into the applied arts. Pop Art suggested a new palette оf colours and gave a fresh, ironical edge to the imagery of popular culture. Pop Art positively encouraged designers to exploit vulgarity, brashness and bright colour, and to use synthetic or disposable materials in contexts in which they would formerly have been unacceptable. Pop Art has had a lasting effect on design in a wide variety of media, including interiors, graphics and fashion.
advertisement (сокр. ad) – объявление, реклама
branding – продвижение торговой марки
packaging – упаковка
to formalize – оформлять, придавать форму
strip cartoon = comic cartoon – комикс
hoarding – щит для наклейки плакатов, объявлений
to inject – впрыскивать, вводить, впускать
brashness – нахальство
disposable – доступный, наличный
2. In what meaning are the underlined words used in the sentences? In what meaning are the words used in the text?
to dominate – 1) господствовать, властвовать; 2) доминировать, преобладать 3) возвышаться, господствовать над чем-л.
a) It's one of the biggest buildings in this area, and it really dominates this whole place.
b) Powerful nations usually dominate over small weak countries.
c) The team has dominated international football for years.
d) The great cathedral dominates the centre of the city.
e) The construction committee worked well together although sometimes the leading architect tended to dominate.
to embrace – 1) обнимать(ся); 2) воспользоваться; 3) принимать; 4) охватывать; 6) включать, заключать в себе, содержать.
a) He embraced the opportunity to study further.
b) The course embraces elements of chemistry, physics, and engineering.
c) His suggestion will not be eagerly embraced by all.
d) Two brothers embraced as they met at the airport.
to reflect – 1) отражать (какое-л. волновое излучение, напр., свет, тепло, звук); 2) отражать(ся); давать отражение (о зеркале и т. п.); 3) навлекать (позор и т. п.), бросать тень; 4) раздумывать, размышлять.
a) He reflected that he had no right to do this.
b) Her unfounded accusations reflected on her credibility.
c) The sea reflected back the bright sunlight.
d) I wish you to pause, reflect, and judge before you decide.
e) White walls reflect more light than dark walls.
f) The clouds were reflected in the water.
g) As you get older you begin to reflect on the uncertainty of life.
3. Find the English equivalents in the text:
прикладное искусство, различные силы, рекламный дизайн, дизайн торговой марки продукта, эффективные технологии, общие образы, движение, культура массового рынка, предложил новую палитру, ранее, продолжительный эффект, широкий выбор
4. Find the synonyms in the text:
energetic (vigorous), to devote, idea, to make famous, power (energy), offer, to inspire, to use, available, inadmissible, inside of the house, vogue
5. True or false?
1) Pop Art appeared in the middle of the twentieth century.
2) Pop Art is a style in the applied arts.
3) A high-powered business had no intention to invest money into advertising.
4) The appearance of Pop Art is connected with the development of advertising.
5) The concept of Pop Art is against mass-media culture.
6) The Pop Art movement left an insignificant trace in the sphere of design.
6. Answer the questions to the text;
1) Is design important in business and advertisement? Why?
2) What factors influenced the applied arts in the middle of the 20th century?
3) When did advertising appear? Why did it start developing rapidly?
4) What types of design are there nowadays?
5) When and where did the Pop Art movement come into being?
6) What is Pop Art? What does it deal with?
7) What are the features of the Pop Art style?
Using answers to the questions speak about the Pop Art style. Make up a dialogue “An interview with a representative of Pop Art”.
7. Translate into English:
1) Рекламный дизайн является одним из важных аспектов эффективной маркетинговой технологии.
2) Поп-арт привнес новую силу в сферу прикладного искусства.
3) Представители направления поп-арт использовали новую палитру цветов.
4) Поп-арт вдохновил декораторов использовать яркую и дерзкую палитру цветов для дизайна интерьера.
8. Project “An advertising agency”. Work in small groups and create an advertising design of a product.
TEXT 6
1. Read the text
Industrial Design is an applied art whereby the aesthetics it improves usability of products. Design aspects specified by the industrial designer may include the overall shape of the object, the location of details with respect to one another, colour, texture, sounds, and aspects concerning the use of the product ergonomics. Additionally, the industrial designer may specify aspects concerning the production process, choice of materials and the presentation of a product to the consumer at the point of sale. Industrial designers make exclusive the visual design of objects. An industrial design consists of the creation of a shape, configuration or composition of pattern or colour, or combination of pattern and colour in three-dimensional form containing aesthetic value.
The use of industrial designers in a product development process improves usability, lowers production costs and leads to the appearance of more appealing products. It is important that in order to be an Industrial Design the product has to be produced in an industrial way, for example, an artisan cannot be considered an industrial designer, although he may challenge the same aspects of a product.
Some industrial designs are viewed as classic pieces that can be regarded as much as work of art as works of engineering.
Industrial design has a focus on concepts, products and processes. In addition to aesthetics, usability and ergonomics, it can also include the engineering of objects, usefulness as well as usability, market placement and other concerns.
Product Design and Industrial Design can overlap into the fields of interface design, information design and interaction design. Various schools of Industrial Design and/or Product Design may specialize in one of these aspects, ranging from pure art colleges (product styling) to mixed programmes of Engineering and Design, to related disciplines like exhibit design and interior design.
Definition of Industrial Design. According to the ICSID (International Council of Societies of Industrial Design): “Design is a creative activity whose aim is to establish the multi-faced qualities of objects, processes, services and their systems in whole life-cycles. Therefore, design is the central factor of innovative humanization of technologies and the crucial factor of cultural and economic exchange”.
artisan – кустарь, мастеровой, ремесленник
to specify – точно определять, устанавливать
concerning - касательно. Относительно
to challenge – 1) ставить под вопрос, оспаривать; 2) бросать вызов, вызывать; провоцировать
usability – пригодность, применимость
to overlap – частично совпадать
related – связанный, родственный
2. Find the English equivalents in the text:
Прикладное искусство, форма объекта, расположение, производственный процесс, потребитель, пространственный (трехмерный), рисунок (узор), производственные цены, произведение инженерного искусства, концентрируется на (обращает внимание на), творческая деятельность, жизненные циклы
3. True or false?
1) Industrial design can help to improve usability of products.
2) Industrial design has no aesthetic value.
3) There are not any works of art among industrial designs.
4) Industrial design pays much attention to the aesthetic value of products.
5) Pure art colleges usually do not have any specialized programme for industrial design.
4. Answer the questions to the text:
1) What is industrial design? What does it deal with?
2) What does industrial design help to improve?
3) What aspects does an industrial designer usually pay attention to?
4) What does industrial design have focus on?
5) Does industrial design concentrate only on aesthetic, usability and ergonomics?
6) In what aspects can industrial design specialize?
Using the answers to the questions retell the text about Industrial Design (7-8 sentences).
5. What word is not a synonym?
1) to improve a) to perfect
b) to develop
c) to create
2) overall a) everywhere
b) universal
c) general
3) consumer a) seller
b) user
c) buyer
4) appealing a) fascinating
b) appreciative
c) attractive
5) various a) multi-faced
b) different
c) another
6) crucial a) important
b) decisive
c) innovative
7) configuration a) confection
b) form
c) shape
8) composition a) combination
b) formation
c) component
6. Match the definitions to the words:
1) … is a frame which supports the painting during its progress.
2) … is a copy of a work of art.
3) … is any public announcement designed to sell goods or publicize an event.
4) … is a large printed picture..
5) … is a picture or diagram used to explain or decorate a text.
6) … is the visual arts based on drawing or the use of line.
7) … is a mental picture of someone or something produced by the imagination or memory.
8) … is the ideas, customs, and art of a particular society.
9) … is a state of peaceful agreement and cooperation.
10) … is the study of the rules and principles of art.
11) … is a branch of commercial enterprise concerned with the manufacture of a specified product.
12) … is the study of the relationship between workers and their environment.
13) … is a person who buys goods or uses services.
14) … is a distinct feature or element in a problem or situation.
poster, industry, reproduction, aesthetics, culture, advertisement, aspect, image, ergonomics, harmony, easel, consumer, illustration, graphic arts
7. Fill in the gaps with the following words: form, combination, composition, texture, pattern, colours, colour,
1) “What … is the paint you bought?” “It’s red.”
2) The cloth has a … of red and white squares.
3) This picture is painted in dark … .
4) The … of the painting is very graceful.
5) The rough … of this material does not let us to use it in our work.
6) That was a badly designed … of the product.
7) The amazing … of these colours in this painting produces a unique effect.
Use these words in the sentences of your own.
TEXT 7
Part 1
1. Read the text
Tricia Foley, author, editor, and product designer loves natural colors and vintage linens. She employs a simple decorating style that is both practical and personal. Showcased in the book, Designer In Residence, her house is a study of simplicity and restraint. It was constructed from stock lumber and easily available parts. The room welcomes guests all summer long with an interior in white, beige, tan, and other natural colors and accessories. She notes; "A classic neutral color scheme creates a soothing background for the life you lead in your home, surrounded by the things that have meaning to you." If you love the idea of simple vintage decor, you will want to hear what else Tricia has to say about decorating...
Q. What are some of the common decorating mistakes made by homeowners? What is your advice on how to avoid or correct those mistakes?
Tricia Foley: "I think that many people try to copy what's trendy rather than trusting their own personal style in decorating a home and then the look doesn't last. If you're really not sure about making decorating decisions, keep a file of pictures of favorite rooms culled from books and magazines to help narrow it down.
"In terms of color for walls, I always do a test patch and live with it to see how the color responds to the light and with the existing furnishings. It's also important to put it all together and make sure that your color palette is compatible and that you're not acquiring furniture and accessories in bits and pieces that don't work together."
Q. What would be your recommendation for "what to do first" in a decorating project?
Tricia Foley: "It makes sense to follow the architectural style of the space. Determine the function of the room and really think about how you will use it. Then furnish it appropriately for those uses. Finally, layer of your own personal style – not someone else's. Aim for personal comfort as well as visual appeal level."
vintage – 1) старинный, классический; 2) устаревший, старомодный; 3) стиль винтаж
lumber – ненужные громоздкие вещи, брошенная мебель и т. п.; хлам
to lead a life – вести, проводить жизнь
homeowner – владелец дома, домохозяин
to trust - доверять
patch – клочок, лоскут, обрывок; обрывок, отрывок, обломок
to cull – отбирать
to respond – отвечать, реагировать; соответствовать
2. Find the English equivalents in the text
полотна, простота, сдержанность, легкодоступный, желто-коричневый, аксессуары, мягкий фон, вид, совместимый (сочетаемый), пространство, соответствующе, определить назначение, обставлять мебелью, уровень визуальной привлекательности
3. Find the synonyms to the following words:
old-fashioned, useful, individual, was built, to greet (to salute), recommendation, to imitate, stylish, room, convenience
4. True or false?
1) Tricia Foley, author, editor and designer, is very fond of vintage décor.
2) Tricia thinks that nowadays it is widespread that homeowners imitate someone else’s style.
3) Tricia usually hangs wallpaper in the room without doing a test patch.
4) It is very important for the interior design that furniture and accessories go well together.
5) You can get personal comfort even if the space of the room is not appropriately used.
5. Fill in the gaps with the following words: compatible, accessories, background, visual, space, comfort, to construct, palette, to furnish, furniture. Then make up your own sentences with the words.
1) She was wearing a pastel green costume with white … .
2) The building company … this magnificent bridge.
3) He paints from a … consisting almost exclusively of grey and mud brown.
4) One can live in … in such alluring interior.
5) It cost a fortune for us … our new flat.
6) The … arts are painting, dancing etc., as opposed to music and literature.
7) This design project is not … with others because of its new approach.
8) That old French table is a very valuable piece of … .
9) We’ll have to clear some … to make room for the new sofa.
10) This young man is a very … interior decorator.
11) The mountains and the dale form the … in this picture.
6. Match the words to their definitions:
1) background a) a flat board used by artists to mix paints
2) accessories b) cosy, convenient,
3) palette c) the scenery or space behind the objects in a picture
4) space d) the large movable articles, such as chairs and tables, that equip a room or house
5) comfortable e) area, room
6) furniture f) ) a supplementary part or object
7. Translate into English:
1) Она предпочитает естественные цвета при оформлении интерьеров.
2) Этот дизайнер любит использовать простой стиль, так как он помогает создать мягкий основной фон для декора.
3) Обычно владельцы домов копируют то, что модно, а не используют свой индивидуальный стиль при оформлении интерьера.
4) Очень важно, чтобы цветовая палитра соответствовала меблировке и аксессуарам интерьера.
8. Give your own design recommendations using the following phrases from the text:
to employ a …decorating style
to welcome the guests with an interior in … colours
to create a … background for the life you lead
to surround oneself with the things that have meaning
not to copy someone else’s style in design
to trust one’s own taste (style)
to make decorating decisions
to collect pictures of favourite rooms from books and magazines
to do a test patch on the wall
to respond to the light and with the furnishings
to be compatible with
to follow the architectural style of the space
to furnish appropriately for uses
Part 2
1. Read the text
Q. What tips do you have on themes, fabric and color choices, window treatments, furniture, etc. when decorating a long lasting room for a young child?
Tricia Foley: "First I would consider the existing style of the home. When working with a traditional home, I would tend to use a softer color palette that works with the rest of the house or apartment. If the family has a more modern sensibility, a clean bright color palette would be more in keeping with their aesthetic. There are so many wonderful choices available from mail order catalogs these days. You'll find furnishings that are affordable and have classic styling that can be used in children's rooms or family rooms."
Q. What trends do you see in room décor for kids in colors, themes, furnishings, etc.?
Tricia Foley: "I see children's rooms as part of the home, not so much a separate world. I would design the space so that it visually belongs to the rest of the family spaces. It should also be a comfort zone for children and a place for them to express themselves with their own things — there are lots of great storage units, armoires, bins, etc. that are perfect for kids rooms."
mail order catalog – каталог для заказов по почте
affordable – возможный; допустимый; по средствам
storage units – хранящиеся вещи
armoires – зд. арсенал (вещей)
2. Find the English equivalents in the text:
оформление окон, иметь склонность к, восприимчивость, классический дизайн, отдельный мир, спроектировать пространство, выражать себя
3. Choose two synonyms for the words:
1) fabric a) advice f) material
2) tip b) cloth g) contemporary
3) modern c) cosy h) detached
4) separate d) convenient i) hint
5) comfort e) up-to-date j) isolated
4. Make up sentences with the following phrases:
trend – (курс, направление; общее направление, тенденция)
to create, start a trend — задавать направление
general trend — общее направление
growing trend — развивающаяся тенденция
recent, new trend — недавняя, новая тенденция
5. Fill in the gaps with the following phrases: fabric and color choice, comfort zones, classic styling, to use a softer color palette, to design the space.
1) The interior decorator tried … so that there would be … for work and recreation.
2) All the elements of the ornament in the window treatment were of … .
3) This designer tends … while decorating bedrooms.
4) The leading decorator of the firm can give you a tip on … in any design project.
6. Translate into English:
1) При оформлении комнаты для ребенка необходимо использовать определенные цвета, ткани, мебель.
2) Обычно естественная цветовая палитра хорошо сочетается с любым декором интерьера.
3) Очень важно спроектировать пространство детской комнаты должным образом.
7. Describe the design of a room for a child. Use the following phrases:
to use a softer color palette a comfort zone
to design the space zones for studying and recreation
to use a clean bright color palette trends in room décor
to work with the rest of the room classic styling
Part 3
1. Read the text
Q. Many people like the idea of updating their interiors for the seasons. What techniques do you use to transition your home from winter into spring/summer?
Tricia Foley: "I have a simple shades of white interior in my little country house that is a great backdrop for the changing seasons. In spring a bucket of bright yellow forsythia is usually blooming. Summer brings piles of shells and stones from walks on the beach. I also love to have jugs of roses from my garden all over the house. I roll up the rugs and put away the flannel sheets and comforters. Fall brings out wool throws draped over chairs, a fire in the fireplace, and bittersweet branches to bring a little bit of the outdoors inside. The holiday season is always a white Christmas for me. Amaryllis and paperwhites are potted with moss. Then I use greens and simple white lights on the tree."
Q. What decorating techniques/ideas/projects would you recommend to a homeowner who wants to rev up the look of a bedroom or living room for spring, without spending a fortune?
Tricia Foley: "I find that all my friends are simplifying and just having the things they love around them. I find that clutter is so distracting and high maintenance. When you have a simple backdrop, it is easy to change a look with sheets, flowers, or arranging a collection in a new way. Sometimes, you don't even appreciate what you have, when you have too much around!"
shell – раковина, ракушка
comforter – амер. стеганое ватное одеяло
fall – амер. осень
bring out – вытаскивать
to pot – сажать в горшок
moss – мох
to rev up – зд. оживлять
clutter – суматоха, неразбериха
2. True or false?
1) Homeowners usually change the interiors of their homes during winter.
2) Tricia prefers white colours in decorating her country house.
3) Tricia tells about decorating of the house during all the seasons of the year.
4) Tricia decorates her house with white colours only in winter.
5) In Tricia’s opinion a simple design background of your home is a perfect base for any stylish change of the interior.
3. Find the English equivalents in the text:
обновление, переход, оттенки, сворачивать ковры, шерстяные покрывала, без особенных денежных трат, упрощать, отвлекающий, поменять вид, ценить
4. Match the words to the definitions, then fill in the gaps with these words in an appropriate form:
1) to update a) to cover or decorate with folds of cloth
2) technique b) to put into a correct, pleasing order
3) shade c) in the open air
4) to drape d) a slight darkness; a degree of variety of colour
5) to spend a fortune e) a method of doing something
6) to arrange f) to make more modern
7) outdoors g) to waste money
1) He seems … on decorating his flat.
2) They tried … the look of the room before Christmas holidays.
3) The walls in this room … in the finest silk.
4) This artist uses light and … to good effect.
5) They want … furniture in an appropriate way so that there will be a lot of space.
6) If you want to learn to paint, I suggest you study Raphael’s … .
7) She hates spending weekend … , that’s why she goes camping every chance she gets.
8) It was painted in various … of blue.
5. Translate into English:
1) Многие люди любят обновлять интерьер помещений для каждого времени года.
2) Дизайнер использует специальные техники для сезонного декора интерьера.
3) Если интерьер имеет основной простой фон, то мы можем легко изменить внешний вид интерьера при помощи различных декоративных дополнений (аксессуаров).
6. Work in pairs and discuss season decorating of the interior. Use the following phrases:
to update the interior
to use decorating techniques / ideas
season décor
winter (spring …etc.) decoration of the house
different shades of …
to rev up the look
to change a look with …
to arrange in a new way
7. Project. Work in groups and draw up a design project of decorating the room for a season (winter, spring, summer and autumn), represent your design solutions.
Part 4
1. Read the text
Q. Most of us are always eager to know what are the "latest" color, design, and furnishings trend. Can you comment on what you see in trends and how homeowners might create interiors that are up-to-date but classic?
Tricia Foley: "Again, it's never made sense to me to create a Southwestern style home or a farmhouse look in a high rise apartment building in a city. My main objective is to design a space appropriately so it makes sense. Then everything seems to fall into place visually. A classic neutral color scheme creates a soothing backdrop for the life you lead in your home. Surround yourself with the things that have meaning to you. Although I've seen beautiful red living rooms and soft pink bedrooms that I've loved, I don't think I would want to live in them every day. A bunch of red tulips or bouquet of pale pink peonies in a neutral room does the trick for me!"
Q. Bookshelves are a wonderful place to display everything from collectibles and photographs to books and boxes. However, many homeowners find accessorizing a bookcase somewhat intimidating. Do you have any tips or advice for someone who would like to avoid the straight rows of books?
Tricia Foley: "I don't find anything wrong with rows of books in bookcases. If there are family photos or collections that need a place, I find that keeping them organized in groups makes more of a statement, instead of being scattered around on shelves."
to be eager – страстно желать
fall into place – становиться ясным, понятным; встать на свое место
intimidating – устрашающий, пугающий
to scatter – разбрасывать, раскидывать
2. Find the English equivalents in the text:
обстановка, современный, соответствующе, зрительно, окружить, вводить в заблуждение, снабжение аксессуарами, прямые ряды
3. Find the synonyms to the following words:
multi-storied, my chief aim, calming, to have significance, to demonstrate, collections, in place of
4. True or false?
1) Usually people have a lot of interest in the most stylish trends in interior design.
2) Tricia thinks that there is no sense in creating a country style décor in a flat situated in a multi-storied house in a city.
3) In the designer’s opinion, it is necessary to narrow the space of a room.
4) Tricia prefers to use a softer colour palette in interior design.
5) In her interior design, Tricia tries to avoid straight rows of books on the bookshelves.
5. Answer the questions to the text:
1) Are you interested in the "latest" color, design, and furnishings trend?
2) Is it difficult to design a space in an appropriate way? Why?
3) How can we create a soothing backdrop?
4) What do you usually place on the bookshelves at home?
6. Match the words to their definitions, then fill the gaps with the appropriate form of these words. Some of these words can be used twice and some of them are not used at all:
visually, homeowner, shelf, latest, apartment, trend, objective, to comment
a) … is a general tendency or direction, fashionable style.
b) … means “to remark or express an opinion”.
c) …means “most recent, modern, or new”.
d) … means “in appearance”.
e) … is a person who owns the home in which he or she lives.
f) … is any room in a building.
g) … is an aim or purpose.
h) … is a board fixed horizontally against a wall for holding things.
1) He is quick to realize any new …in fashion.
2) This décor in Pop Art style is the … fashion in interior design.
3) The chair is very pleasing …, but it is rather uncomfortable.
4) It was a huge … with all modern conveniences.
5) This painter is considered a creator of a new … in art.
6) The designer’s main … is to decorate the room in the trendiest way.
7. Translate into English:
1) Владельцы домов используют самые последние направления в дизайне интерьера.
2) Если правильно спроектировать пространство интерьера, то все встанет на свои места.
3) Если вы хотите иметь вокруг себя приятную, мягкую атмосферу, вы должны окружить себя вещами, которые имеют для вас значение.
4) Вы можете поставить на полки различные коллекции, фотографии, книги.
8. Compare up-to-date and classic styles in interior design.
The classic interior is usually … I think…
As a rule, up-to- date interiors tend to be … In my opinion…
The latest trends in design are the following: … If I’m not mistaken
to combine modern and classic style in As far as I know…
interior design I suppose…
Part 5
1. Read the text
Q. Some people are baffled about where to place color. If their favourite color is blue for example, they do not know if they should buy a blue sofa, paint the walls blue, or order blue carpeting. Can you comment on using our favourite colors and ways to incorporate them into home décor?
Tricia Foley: "I always recommend painting patches of color on the wall to try out living with them and looking at the true color at different times of the day...taping up big memo samples of fabric on walls or pinning to existing furniture and spending some time with these "tests" also helps even the professionals make up their minds! Putting together simple boards with all the swatches will give an overview if it's difficult to imagine it all together."
Q. What advice do you have for someone with a new house to decorate and perhaps a limited budget?
Tricia Foley: "Go with good classic design in terms of furniture. I always look for multi-purpose pieces that can be used for other rooms as living conditions change. Set the scene for your own personal style with neutral walls and floors. Then add simple window treatments and bed linens to transform a space with color."
to be baffled – быть озадаченным
to incorporate – соединять(ся), объединять(ся)
to tape up – зд. привязывать
to pin – прикалывать (булавкой)
make up one’s mind – принять решение, решиться
swatch – образчик (ткани), образец, экземпляр
overview – общее представление (о каком-л. предмете): (беглый) обзор
in terms of – по отношению к
2. Find the English equivalents:
to be puzzled, to unite, pattern, cloth, to decide, to fancy, universal, to change
3. True or false?
1) Homeowners usually have some problems in using their favourite colour in home décor.
2) It is always very easy for a professional designer to imagine the whole décor of the room .
3) If you don’t know exactly what colours to choose, paint different patches of colour on the walls.
4) Tricia gives some advice how to decorate without excess expenses.
5) The furniture must be multi-functional.
4. Match the words with their synonyms or definitions. Then fill in the gaps with the necessary form of these words.
1) to incorporate a) a sample of cloth
2) to imagine b) a complete change
3) an overview c) to form a united whole or mass
4) a swatch d) to form a picture or idea in the mind
5) to add e) to join something to something
6) a transformation f) a general survey
1) I can … the scene clearly.
2) You may … some necessary accessories to the interior of this room.
3) I chose … of neutral colour which would be compatible with the décor of this interior.
4) We shall try … some of your ideas into our future plans.
5) All the elements of the décor give … of the designer’s conception.
6) You’ve painted the room blue all over; what … !
5. Translate the sentences:
1) Нам было очень сложно объединить эти яркие цвета в декоре данной комнаты.
2) Дизайнер представила несколько образцов ткани, которые она хотела использовать для драпировки.
3) Родители решили полностью изменить декор всей квартиры, хотя и были ограничены в средствах.
4) Декоратор попытался дать общий обзор своего дизайнерского проекта.
6. Describe any interior from the point of combination of colours. The following words and phrases may help you:
colour: light, bright; dark; glossy, shining; matt; warm / cold
nuance, shade: light, bright; dark; delicate, soft; pale, pastel
combination of colours / tones
colour contrast
to choose smth. by contrast with smth.
to choose smth. to match (the colour of) smth.
in the colour spectrum of …
in the same tone as …
to match smth.;
to go well with smth.
to be in harmony with
to harmonize with
to have in common with the colour of …
to emphasize, to produce an effect with the help of these colours
TEXT 8
Part 1
1. Read the text
Carnival Spirit's interior design, celebrates world's great architectural styles. From art nouveau to postmodern to funky to Egyptian, the public rooms on the newest ship, the Carnival Spirit, celebrate a wide variety of architectural styles in their interior-design themes. As the Carnival Spirit represents a new class of "Fun Ship", its interior design reinvents the traditional central thematic idea by creating a mood of diversity through a synthesis of highly divergent décors.
"Although the central idea for this ship could be called 'noteworthy décor styles,' it's really a very abstract unifying theme," said Joe Farcus, interior architect for the "Fun Ship" fleet.
"There is a main decorative style used in each of the public rooms - Chinese in one, art deco in another, for example - however, the styles are not necessarily executed in a traditional manner, but rather are more interpretive," he added.
The Spirit Lobby and some public areas are decorated in the art deco style, which uses sleek, graceful lines and slender organic forms. The lobby houses two grand staircases, a bar with dance floor and the information and tour desks. Rich wood and antiqued copper are used extensively in the lobby, stairwells and elevator bays. Railings are a lacy cast copper, stained glass domes in the ceiling provide diffused lighting, and the walls and elevators combine wood, handmade etched plates, marble inlaid frames and embossed copper trimmings.
Art Nouveau – стиль модерн (художественный и архитектурный стиль конца XIX - начала XX вв.)
funky – 1) вонючий; 2) грубо-материальный; приземленный; 3) броский, вызывающий; 4) стиль «фанки» (муз.)
lobby – вестибюль, холл, фойе
copper – медь
stairwell – лестничный колодец
bay – стр. пролет
railing – ограда, перила
diffused – разбросанный, рассеянный
to etch – гравировать
inlaid – мозаичный
embossed – 1) резной, тисненый, чеканный 2) рельефный; выпуклый 3) богато украшенный 4) напыщенный (о стиле)
2. Choose the most suitable title to the text:
1) The interior design of the Spirit Lobby.
2) The best design project of Joe Farcus, interior architect for the "Fun Ship" fleet.
3) The diversity of the interior design on the Carnival Spirit.
4) The up-to-date interior design of the public rooms on the Carnival Spirit.
3. Find the English equivalents in the text:
заново открывать (обновлять), представлять, объединяющая тема, выполненный в традиционной манере, вмещать (содержать), цветное стекло, обеспечивать
4. Find the synonyms to the following words:
to be famous for, a great diversity, a feeling of multiplicity, different, remarkable, shiny, refined, impressive, widely, embellishments
5. True or false?
1) Different styles are presented in the interior design on the ship.
2) The Carnival Spirit’s décors are not united by any theme.
3) All the décors on the ship are performed in established styles without any interpretation.
4) The entrance hall of the ship is designed in the style of 30-ties of the 20th century.
5) The décor of the vestibule is rather reserved and have no pretentious garniture.
6. Match the words to their synonyms:
1) to celebrate a) to contain, to have, to include
2) to represent b) to perform, to carry out
3) to reinvent c) to engrave, to carve, to cut
4) to execute d) to unite, to join
5) to house e) to have fun; to glorify
6) to provide f) to renew, to renovate, to reform
7) to etch g) to give, to supply
8) to combine h) to symbolize, to stand for, to characterize
Fill in the gaps with the appropriate form of these verbs:
1) The engraver … little crosses on the copper plate.
2) This marvelous picture … the joys of life.
3) The artist … his imaginative ideas in stone.
4) The architects and the designers … their efforts to create a wonderful interior design.
5) The house is entered through the atrium, where a skylight and glass doors … natural lighting.
6) We … her birthday by going out to a restaurant.
7. Match the definitions to the words:
1) lobby a) slim and graceful
2) sleek b) a rounded roof built on a circular base
3) slender c) glass that has been coloured for artistic purposes
4) graceful d) ornamental pattern, ornamental design
5) stained glass e) a room used as an entrance hall or vestibule
6) dome f) beautiful in movement, style or form
7) frame g) smooth, shiny, and glossy
8) trimmings h) an firm border into which something is fitted
Fill in the gaps with the appropriate form of these words:
1) St. Paul’s Cathedral in London is famous for its beautiful … .
2) The … of the hotel was designed in the Revival style.
3) The decorator used … to make pictures and patterns in windows.
4) The … of the jacket were made of gray leather.
8. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate form of the following words: traditional, noteworthy, to house, to reinvent, variety, graceful, to represent
1) This new building will … several departments.
2) There is nothing particular … in the ornamental patterns of this interior.
3) In the late 80-ties certain musicians and DJs began … the whole feel and style of jazz to fit contemporary street culture.
4) The popular … version of the poem tended to become modified.
5) The composition of the painting is very … .
6) This photograph … my childhood.
7) The Museum contains … of jewellery collections made of silver and gold, enchased with gems and pearls.
9. Match the parts of the sentences:
1) The interior design of the public rooms…
2) A wide variety of styles…
3) The design of the rooms on the ship …
4) Each of the rooms is performed…
5) The Lobby is decorated …
a) … in an interpretative manner.
b) … in the art deco style.
c) … is presented on the Carnival Spirit.
d) … celebrates great architectural styles.
e) … synthesizes divergent décors.
10. Translate the sentences:
1) Архитектор не следовал традиционному стилю в оформлении помещения.
2) Стиль арт деко использует утонченные линии и формы при оформлении.
3) Дизайн интерьера данного помещения представляет собой синтез разнообразного декора.
4) В оформлении вестибюля дизайнер использовал мозаичное стекло, гравировку, мрамор и рельефный орнамент.
11. Retell the part of text which concerns the design of the rooms on the ship, use the following phrases:
to celebrate great architectural styles
to represent a wide variety of architectural styles
interior-design themes
to reinvent the traditional central themes
to create a mood of diversity
a synthesis of divergent décors.
The central idea is noteworthy (remarkable) décor styles
a main decorative style
to be executed in a traditional (interpretive) manner
Part 2
1. Read the text
The Spirit has several rooms not found on other Carnival ships, perhaps most noteworthy among them the dining venue, the Nouveau Supper Club. It is located at the top of a soaring nine-deck-high atrium and housed under a red tinted glass dome. Art nouveau is characterized by dense, winding floral forms in a linear arrangement. It incorporates organic shapes – vines, leaves, flowers, branches – into abstracted architectural elements.
In the supper club, pillars are shaped like flower buds in a Tiffany-like design using antiqued copper for the stems and leaves. The floral pattern is carried out throughout the room in hand-painted wall murals, the stained glass balcony on the upper level and the bud-shaped bar stools. On one side of the room is a beverage bar, and on the other, a display cooking area with bar stools, so guests can watch the cooks at work. The circular, two-level room has a stage for entertainers, as well as a dance floor.
There is the Chippendale Library on board the Carnival Spirit. Named after Thomas Chippendale, the 15th-century English style of furniture is recognized by its graceful lines and rococo ornamentation. The room's main features are columns shaped like giant Chippendale table legs. The mural of an English garden overlooks a traditional secretary and bookcases mounted on desks, which hold computer terminals offering internet access for guests.
venue – место сбора, встречи
tinted – окрашенный
dense – плотный, сжатый; густой, частый
winding – извилистый, витой
pillar – столб, колонна; опора, стойка
bud – почка, бутон
secretary – секретер; письменный стол
2. Find the English equivalents in the text:
стеклянный купол, в линейном порядке, цветочный рисунок, на всем протяжении, сцена для эстрадных артистов, на борту, огромный
3. Find the synonyms to the following words:
remarkable, to be situated, towering, to include, forms, fresco, round, exquisite, the chief characteristics
4. True or false?
1) The dining venue is situated only on the Carnival Spirit.
2) The Nouveau Supper Club is located on the upper deck.
3) The floral pattern can be found only on pillars.
4) The visitors can observe the work of the cooks.
5) The entertaining area is located in another place, not in the Nouveau Supper Club.
6) The designer of the library on the Carnival Spirit was Thomas Chippendale.
7) The columns in the library have the form of human’s legs.
8) The guests can surf the Internet in the library.
5. In what meaning are the underlined words used in the sentences? In what meaning are the words used in the text?
to characterize – 1) изображать, характеризовать, описывать; 2) отличать; служить отличительным признаком, определять, характеризовать
The artist has that excellent taste which characterizes his paintings.
You have characterized him as ambitious person.
The hero of the book is characterized as a person of very strong principles.
An interest in people’s deepest feelings characterizes all her writings.
to overlook – 1) обозревать; 2) выходить на; 3) не заметить, просмотреть, пропустить; 4) не обращать внимания; смотреть сквозь пальцы, прощать
1) My windows overlook the street.
2) These little details are easily overlooked.
3) I went on deck and overlooked the boundless waters.
4) I won’t overlook your mistakes next time.
6. Answer the questions:
1) In what style is the Nouveau Supper Club designed?
2) What are the main features of Art Nouveau style?
3) In what style is the library decorated?
4) What are the distinguishing characteristics of this public room?
7. Translate the sentences:
1) Одно из самых примечательных помещений корабля выполнено в стиле модерн.
2) Отличительной чертой стиля модерн являются растительные узоры.
3) Комната украшена фресками, расписанными вручную.
4) Многие предметы мебели выполнены в форме цветочных бутонов.
5) Изящные линии и отделка в стиле рококо характеризуют декор библиотеки.
Part 3
1. Read the text
The three-level Pharaoh's Palace Lounge is decorated in Egyptian style. Sarcophagi designed after that of the golden King Tutankhamen are situated between the windows and stone walls which are decorated with hieroglyphics. Twenty-foot-tall stone figures flank the stage. A circular staircase and elevator provide access to all three levels of the lounge, which has a retractable orchestra pit, turntable stage and loft for scenery, lights and stage props.
The ornate Versailles Lounge is located one deck below the Egyptian Lounge, and, as its name implies, is richly done in the elegant, highly decorative manner that emerged in 18th-century France. The sloping floor provides excellent sight lines to the stage, which extends into the seating area for greater interaction between the entertainers and the audience. Since the room is on a lower deck, there are no windows. However, faux windows have been created using ornate frames around French skyline scenes of chateaux with starry skies lit by fiber optics. With a large dance floor, the room has been designed as a cross between a lounge and an intimate theater.
"Funky" best describes the décor of the two-level Dancing Club. A large dance floor is located on the lower level of the club, with a bar and overlook seating located on the upper level. The room also features a two-deck, 20-by-20-foot video wall of 48-inch monitors.
lounge – гостиная, холл, комната для отдыха
to flank – быть расположенным сбоку, располагаться по обе стороны
retractable – втягивающийся, втяжной
loft – чердак; верхний этаж
props – бутафория, реквизит
faux windows – фр. фальшивые окна
chateaux – фр. Замок
to feature – характеризуется
2. Find the English equivalents in the text:
лифт, обеспечивать доступ, поворотная платформа, богато украшенный, палуба, подразумевать, появляться, пол с наклоном, простираться, взаимодействие
3. True or false?
1) There are real sarcophagi decorated with hieroglyphics in the Lounge.
2) On either side of the stage there are stone sculptures.
3) The Pharaoh's Palace Lounge is situated above the Versailles Lounge.
4) The decorative style of the Versailles Lounge is rather restrained.
5) Both these lounges have an area for entertainment.
6) The Dancing Club is decorated in the same style as the Versailles Lounge.
7) There are seats for guests on the dancing floor of the Dancing Club.
4. Match the synonyms to the words:
1) access a) amusement, leisure
2) circular b) graceful
3) lounge c) rounded, spherical
4) elegant d) cooperation, communication
5) entertainment e) admission, right of entry
6) decorative f) public
7) excellent g) sitting-room
8) interaction h) first-rate, brilliant
9) audience i) ornamental
Fill in the gaps with some of these words:
1) The … applauded loudly at the end of the concert.
2) The managers of this hotel provide … to the guests.
3) The only means of … to this building is along a muddy track.
4) That was a really … idea to buy this … piece of furniture!
5) The designer decorated the … in the art deco style.
5. Answer the questions:
1) What public rooms for entertainment are there on board the ship?
2) In what style is the Pharaoh's Palace Lounge performed?
3) What style did designers use in décor of the Versailles Lounge?
4) What style of interior decoration is applied in the Dancing Club?
5) What are the distinguishing features of each lounge? What elements of decoration are used there?
6) What entertaining activities are held in each Lounge and in the Dancing Club?
6. Translate the sentences:
1) Дизайнер использовал египетский стиль при оформлении гостиной.
2) Огромные каменные скульптуры расположены по бокам сцены.
3) Стиль Франции 18-ого века характеризуется богатым и утонченным декором.
4) Двухуровневый танцевальный клуб выполнен в стиле «фанки».
Part 4
1. Read the text
The Champions' sports bar is done in the sophisticated modern style. Decorated like a 1950s club with wood and black lacquer with copper accents, one wall has bas-relief figures of famous sports legends like Babe Ruth and Alonzo Mourning. The room features big-screen televisions and tabletop gaming machines.
The Shanghai Bar, the Carnival Spirit's piano bar, features a heavy Oriental "Chinese" style that emphasizes elaborate ornamentation. The walls are covered in Chinese fabric, and silk screens are illuminated from behind. Although contemporary, the room has many authentic Chinese elements to create an impressive Oriental atmosphere.
The Spirit's main dining room, the Empire Room, is a two-deck affair done in the Napoleonic, or early 19th-century French style. The ceiling is decorated with domes painted with murals in the grandest empire style, with crystal chandeliers providing an elegant atmosphere. In the center of the room is a grand circular staircase decorated with a sculpture of the regal Napoleon at his coronation. Flanking the entrances there are pilasters, which are created in the form of female statues. Large circular windows are bordered with a cast frame embossed with shapes of fruit and flowers.
The Lido restaurant, called La Play a Grille, takes postmodernism for its style. The room features a skylight that culminates two levels above and houses a spectacular chandelier. The majority of seating is adjacent to windows between which are wooden columns connected to deconstructed masonry-like arches that appear to be falling apart. Multi-colored terrazzo flooring in an arabesque design and hand-painted murals on the walls create a stunning and elegant atmosphere. The aft section of the restaurant features an outdoor bar and serving area under a large awning.
All of these diverse public rooms are connected by a two-level promenade. A waterfall and grand staircase lead from one level to the other.
sophisticated – сложный, замысловатый
bas-relief – барельеф
regal – 1) королевский, царский; 2) величественный, великолепный, царственный
chandelier – люстра; канделябр
to emboss – выбивать, чеканить; тиснить
skylight – потолочный свет; застекленная крыша; световой люк
masonry – каменная кладка
to fall apart – разваливаться, расходиться
terrazzo – итал. балкон, лоджия
aft – в кормовой части; в корме, на корме
2. Find the English equivalents in the text:
игровые автоматы, тщательно разработанный, освещаются, производящий глубокое впечатление, обрамлены, достигать высшей точки, расположенный рядом, навес, место для прогулок, водопад
3. Find the synonyms to the following words:
varnish, to make an accent, embellishment, textile, up-to-date, genuine, components, wall paintings, splendid, statue, pillar, imposing, arcs, colorful, striking, open-air, various
4. True or false?
1) The Champions' sports bar looks like a club in the mid of the 20th century.
2) There are photos and sculptures of famous sportsmen in the sports bar.
3) The Shanghai Bar has lots of ornamental elements in its décor.
4) There is a large dome on the ceiling of the empire Room.
5) Caryatids flank the entrance of the Empire Room.
6) Floral patterns are etched on the frames of windows in the Empire Room.
7) The skylight of the restaurant is provided by the gorgeous chandelier.
8) There is no tent on the outdoor bar.
5. Match the parts of the sentences:
1) The style of the Shanghai Bar … a) an atmosphere of the East.
2) Genuine elements of decoration … b) are performed in the grandest empire style.
3) Murals of the Empire Room … c) has an accent on elaborate décor.
4) The chandelier of the room … d) connects all the public rooms.
5) The balcony of the restaurant … e) is designed in Arabian style.
6) Two-level promenade … f) provides an elegant atmosphere.
6. Answer the questions:
1) What style is used in the décor of the Shanghai Bar?
2) In what way is textile décor used in the design of the Shanghai Bar?
3) What atmosphere is created in the restaurants (the Shanghai Bar, the Empire Room and the Lido restaurant)?
4) How is the ceiling of the Empire Room decorated?
5) Are there any statutes or sculptures in the Empire Room?
6) What is the style of the Lido restaurant?
7) Where can the guests admire hand-made murals?
8) Where is an outdoor bar situated?
9) How are the public rooms of the ship connected?
7. Translate the sentences:
1) Спорт-бар известен барельефными изображениями легендарных чемпионов.
2) Стены ресторана задрапированы различными китайскими тканями.
3) Дизайнеры использовали шелк для текстильного декора ресторана.
4) Восточная атмосфера ресторана создана благодаря тщательно продуманному оформлению в китайском стиле.
5) Восхитительные фрески и хрустальные люстры создают элегантную, утонченную атмосферу.
8. Project “The décor of a restaurant’. What are your design ideas about decorating a restaurant? Use the following words and phrases:
to be decorated, to be designed, to be situated (located), to be characterized, to be done in the … manner (style), to be created (done), to be shaped like, to use ornamentation, to be draped, to be covered, to be illuminated, to feature some style, to be etched, to be embossed, to flank the entrance, to provide (create) an atmosphere, textile décor, architectural elements, bas-relief, sculpture, statues, floral patterns, crystal chandeliers, pillars, pilasters
TEXT 9
1. Read the text
Feng Shui Tips for Your Home Office
Feng Shui is a very popular and intriguing concept in home design today. In addition to the life benefits it provides, it also offers a roadmap, so to speak, of not just how to decorate but why. In short, it offers you, the homeowner, design with purpose.
Did you know that over 50% of women now run their own home business or work from home? Get your compass out and find the following directions because we are going to try and make things run a little smoother for you using the ancient art of object placement – Feng Shui.
The most ideal locations to situate a home office are the North (the career sector), the Southwest (the wealth sector), the Northeast (skills and talents sector) or the South (the fame and recognition sector.) If it is possible, try to locate your home office in one of those locations.
Here are some other general tips that are thought to bring prosperity to your business.
Always sit with a solid wall behind your back to ensure that you have support in your life. Never sit with a window behind you.
In the office place the fax machine, telephone, and computers in the southeast wealth sector, as this will attract more contacts.
Position your desk to have a clear view of the door. If this is not possible, hang a small mirror so you can easily view the door's reflection.
Don't put a shelf over your desk. This symbolizes burdens of the world crashing down on you at any moment. The heavy shelf also symbolizes burdens and difficulties.
Avoid having sharp accessories, such as a paper cutter blade or the corner of a Xerox machine pointed at your desk. It is shar chi that symbolizes the cutting knife-edge or a disapproving finger pointing at you.
Make sure that you can walk completely around your desk in a full circle. The workload should not cramp you. You should have space to breathe!
Do not have clutter in your office. Desktops must be kept tidy and clutter free. Avoid placing “In” and “Out” trays on your desk. Try to keep what is in use on your desktop.
Avoid placing cactuses in your office as the needles of these plants are thought to create negative shar chi. Shar or sha chi is stagnant or harmful energy.
In your office, never have the main door opening into your desk as it causes you to be faced with unexpected situations to deal with. Never have a door jamming against your desk, or your prosperity will always be blocked.
Do not place your desk in a room so that it is between two doors because this causes chi to rush by and pass you by along with all of your good fortune. In other words, the good energy walks in one door, right past you and out the back door!
Never set your desk at the top of a staircase as chi will roll down the stairs and cause you loss of opportunity and wealth. If this is unavoidable, place a mirror above the front door looking in and facing the staircase.
If people entering your business immediately face a wall and a long corridor, try placing a hanging crystal in this area to allow good chi to accumulate. Also, place mirrors here to direct the chi into your office.
Do not place large electric equipment, such as photocopy machine or microwave near to the main door. These are considered to be "hot" items that cause energy to dissipate. Heat causes the dispersal of good chi.
Do not place paper cutter or fax machines or any machine with a blade next to the front door. The "cutting" energy can cause staff and customers to be unpleasant and even possibly to back stab and fight each with other.
Do not place an empty vase next to the main door, as empty vessels suck good chi trying to enter your place of business. If you have a vase make sure it is full of flowers!
If you have candles in your office, light the wicks to make sure they are burnt, even if you don't plan to light the candle. An unlit candle is bad feng shui as it represents the limitations of possibility.
Place a fish tank or fishpond in the southwestern corner of your office. If this is not possible consider building a pond in the southwestern sector outside your building.
To enhance your wealth and prosperity, position your indoor water feature in the southeast element of your home or office. For career luck, place it in the north. A tabletop fountain made of bamboo or flat round stones is always good for this purpose.
If you have a company signboard or logo, it should be optimally placed in the southeastern area, the southern area or the northern area of your home office.
burden – груз, ноша
workload – объем работы
to deal with – иметь дело с
jam – зажимать, сжимать, блокировать; давить, жать
dispersal – рассеивание; рассыпание; рассредоточение
to back stab – наносить удар в спину
vessel – сосуд (для жидкости)
wick – фитиль
2. Find the English equivalents in the text:
план действий, размещать (x4), основные советы, видеть отражение двери, символизирует трудности, убеждаться, беспорядок, поверхность стола, потеря возможностей и богатства, накапливать, рассеивать(ся), «колющая» энергия, фирменный знак, настольный фонтан
3. Find the synonyms to the following words:
fascinating theory, profits, arrangement of things, perfect position, wealth, critical, inactive and damaging power, restriction of chances, aquarium, to increase your richness
4. True or false?
1) Feng Shui helps to place pieces of furniture and other accessories in a proper way.
2) Feng Shui is a popular modern trend in design that has recently appeared.
3) According to Feng Shui you can locate objects in strictly definite places.
4) According to Feng Shui there are four sectors in your home.
5) Each sector corresponds to a definite aspect of our life.
6) It is necessary to follow Feng Shui instructions if you want to have prosperity.
7) A heavy shelf can crash down on you at any moment.
8) The space around your desk should not be blocked.
9) Plants in your office can produce a negative energy.
10) Hanging crystals and mirrors accumulate good energy.
11) It is obligatory to have candles and aquarium in your office.
12) You must place the logo of your company in your office.
5. Match the words to their synonyms:
1) to attract a) to be a sign of, to indicate, to mean
2) to place b) to guarantee, to make sure
3) to symbolize c) to limit
4) to avoid d) to pull towards you
5) to cramp e) to stay away from
6) to ensure f) to locate, to situate
Fill in the gaps with the appropriate form of these verbs:
1) He … the book carefully on the shelf.
2) Please, …that all lights are switched off.
3) If you don’t place the objects in an appropriate Feng Shui way, it will … a bad energy to your home.
4) The owl … wisdom and learning.
5) You’d better … placing sharp things near your desk.
6. Combine the words into phrases:
1) to run a) business contacts
2) to follow b) a home office
3) to bring c) business
4) to attract d) good energy
5) to situate e) prosperity
6) to accumulate f) feng shui instructions
Fill in the gaps with these phrases:
1) According to Feng Shui some objects can … .
2) It is necessary … in sectors which correspond to career, wealth, skills and fame.
3) He didn’t … in furnishing the room.
4) She wants … when she graduates from the university.
5) According feng shui, the proper placement of office machines will … .
6) Some people don’t believe that if you design a home office in a feng shui manner, it … .
7. Answer the questions:
1) How can feng shui help us in decorating?
2) What is feng shui?
3) Remember your working place at home. What is arranged according feng shui? What does not correspond to the directions of feng shui?
4) Are you a follower of feng shui? Do you follow feng shui directions in designing your home? Why?
8. Find any picture or photo of an office. Describe the design of the room from the point of feng shui. Use the following phrases in your description:
to be located (to be situated, to be placed) in a sector of …
the sector corresponds to …
it is an ideal location (position, place) because …
to bring prosperity, to attract business contacts, to support in your life
to symbolize
to create negative energy, to accumulate good (positive) energy
9. Project. Draw a sketch of a study (office, working place) where objects and furniture are arranged in accordance with feng shui directions. Describe it using phrases from the text and ex.8.
TEXT 10
1. Read the text
Feng Shui Bagua Map
The feng shui bagua map is an octagonal shaped map, which allows you to evaluate in feng shui terms any living or working space. The feng shui bagua is a very important feng shui tool and indispensable when we wish to harmonize a place and the elements in it.
According to the feng shui bagua map, each part of your house corresponds to a different life aspect. The life aspects are nine and each one of them has its own characteristics and elements. By properly harmonizing each of the bagua areas within your home or working place, you will be harmonizing each area of your life.
The nine life areas symbolized in the feng shui bagua are: prosperity, fame and reputation, relationships and love, family, health, creativity and children, skills and knowledge, helpful people and travel, and career.
Prosperity is the area which you should pay attention to when you are having money related problems, its color is purple and the elements you should use in it are wood and water.
The feng shui bagua life area called fame and reputation is the one, which should be paid attention to when wishing a reputation improvement of any kind; it is represented by the red color and its most important elements are fire and wood.
Relationships and love area is the one which should be improved when looking for starting or improving a relationship of any kind. Its color is pink and the elements are earth and fire.
Family is another feng shui bagua life area and you can harmonize family boundaries by working on it, its colors are green, black and blue and its main element is water.
Health, another life area represented in the feng shui bagua map, can be improved by working on that area of your house. Health colors are yellow, brown and orange, and its main elements are earth and fire.
The next feng shui bagua life area is creativity and children. Creativity and children should be harmonized when having problems with children in the family, when wishing to have children or when wishing to improve our creativity. The colors of this area are yellow and earth tones, and its element is metal.
On the other hand, the colors you should use in order to improve the skills and knowledge life area are black and green and the element you should add is earth.
Helpful people and travel is another feng shui bagua life area, it can be improved by using the colors white and black, and by making sure, it contains the elements metal and water.
The life area of career can be harmonized and improved by using blue and white in the space, which corresponds to it as well as by adding some metal in it.
octagonal – восьмиугольный
family boundaries – семейные узы
2. Find the English equivalents in the text:
оценить, соответствовать аспектам жизни, обладать отличительными признаками, гармонизировать, мастерство (умения), улучшение репутации, улучшить творческий потенциал
3. Find the synonyms to the following words:
feng shui instrument, essential (very important), to focus on
4. Answer the questions:
1) What is the feng shui bagua map?
2) How many life aspects are there in our house?
3) Do they have its own characteristics? What do they have in common?
4) What do these areas symbolize?
5) What color and elements correspond to each life area?
6) What do the necessary colors and elements of the areas help to improve?
TEXT 11
1. Read the text, then think of the title to this article.
Cheap interior design ideas come in many forms these days: from television shows to magazines. The industry is trying to teach the consumer how to design cheap. In the past, ideas such as cheap design would have left most interior designers horrified. The industry of interior design has changed dramatically over the past few years in order to better accommodate consumers.
In its early to mid stages of evolution, interior design was an industry of prestige. Now, due to the demand for design for the average customer, designing on a budget and cheap interior design has become a topic of much interest and acceptance. Of course, you will always find the designers who insist that durability and style of a design is identifiable with the brand name. The brand is associated with the contents therein, which relates back to the price tag. Most everyday people do not relate to this line of thinking. A secret tool to marvelous rooms, which are created using cheap interior design ideas, is a good decision making. By purchasing some slightly more expensive key items of furniture and by cost-cutting on the smaller items or accessories you can save big bucks and still achieve the same look that is achieved in other more expensive, brand name rooms.
The first question that pops into your mind here is “where do I buy the bargain items?” It can be easily answered! Your hunt for cheap interior design ideas and items can begin successfully at any bargain-type store. The stores and availability of items in these stores will vary according to your locations. There are locally known bargain-fairs or stores at which you can by slightly damaged or used items at a fraction of the cost associated with similar store bought items. When buying at these stores, be careful not to overspend. Many of us have a tendency to get overly enthused and purchase items that are not good bargains or ones that we are not very likely to use. Save your money for where it counts. You will find the perfect items in the bargain shop that fit into your lifestyle and space. If you search and search for a certain item and are unable to find it, try to improvise or select another similar item to take its place. Cheap interior design ideas are abundant to the creative thinker who is willing to overcome obstacles with unusual, cheap solutions.
Other places where you can find cheap interior design ideas are yard sales, estate sales, and flea markets. Remember again when shopping in areas such as this that it is easy to get caught up in the moment and overspend. Take your time and comb the items carefully for objects of value. Many times in these types of sales the physically larger items tend to be sold for more than cost value and the smaller valuable items are looked over in haste. Cheap interior design ideas are not limited to large items! If you find an accessory or such, especially if it is part of a group or collection of items, buy it and use it to accentuate your other items.
Cheap interior design ideas are easy to find these days, you just have to know the right places to look and the right items to purchase. Time is the essential element in designing cheaply. Patience pays off in most any situation, including interior design.
due to – из-за, благодаря, обязанный (чему-л.)
identifiable – опознаваемый
to purchase – покупать
to cost-cut – сбивать цену
to pop into – неожиданно появляться
to overspend – тратить слишком много; сорить деньгами
to enthuse – приходить в восторг; проявлять энтузиазм
to be abundant – быть в изобилии
2. Find the English equivalents in the text:
приспосабливаться к потребителям, престижное производство, спрос на дизайн для среднего потребителя, настойчиво утверждать, срок службы и стиль, наличие предметов в магазине, подходить вашему стилю жизни, в спешке
3. Find the synonyms to the following words:
low-priced, a matter of high importance and significance, pieces of furniture, good deal, spoiled or second hand things, to solve problems, not to be in a hurry,
expensive things, to put the accent on, important component of decoration
4. True or false?
1) The ideas of cheap design have always been popular among interior decorators.
2) All the changes in the sphere of interior design have happened due to the demands of the average customer.
3) Most people nowadays think that only the name brand design can be stylish and durable.
4) You won’t be able to achieve the marvelous look of a room if you use cheap items of furniture and accessories.
5) You can buy necessary cheap items at any bargain-type store.
5) If you have a creative way of thinking it’ll be easy for you to realize your cheap design ideas.
6) You don’t need a lot of time and patience in cheap designing.
5. Match the words to their synonyms:
1) to accommodate a) to look for, to examine carefully
2) to demand b) to connect, to relate
3) to associate c) to create spontaneously
4) to purchase d) to adapt
5) to achieve e) to waste a lot of money
6) to overspend f) to require
7) to search g) to emphasize, to put a stress on
8) to improvise h) to reach
9) to accentuate i) to buy
Fill in the gaps with the appropriate form of the verbs:
1) He will never … his objectives if he doesn’t work harder.
2) The roads are built … gradual temperature changes.
3) I always … the smell of those flowers with my childhood.
4) The dark frame … the brightness of the picture.
5) He was a creative thinker and it could … very easily.
6) This work … your immediate attention.
7) We … for some cheap items of furniture in the shop.
6. Make up sentences with the following phrases:
to accommodate (подгонять; приспосабливать(ся))
to accommodate oneself to smth. – приноравливаться к чему-л.
to accommodate oneself to smb. – привыкать к кому-л.
prestige (авторитет, престиж)
to enjoy, have prestige – иметь вес/авторитет
to damage smb.'s prestige – подорвать чей-л. авторитет, чью-л. репутацию
to gain prestige – завоевать авторитет
tendency (склонность, стремление, тенденция)
to display a tendency, to show a tendency – проявлять склонность к чему-л. growing tendency – набирающая силу, возрастающая тенденция
7. Answer the questions:
1) What do you think about cheap interior design? Does it have the right to existence?
2) Are cheap design ideas popular nowadays in this country? Why?
3) Do you agree with the opinion that cheap design is worse than expensive name brand design? Why?
4) Have you got any ideas how to decorate a room without spending a fortune?
8. Translate the sentences:
1) В настоящее время дизайнеры интерьера стараются приспособиться к запросам среднего потребителя.
2) Обычно известная торговая марка ассоциируется с качеством, надежностью и стилем.
3) При оформлении интерьера вы можете творчески комбинировать дешевые и дорогие вещи.
4) Вы можете приобрести дешевый аксессуар, который подчеркнет остальные элементы декора интерьера.
TEXT 12
1. Read the text
If you are looking forward to spruce up a room that you are tired of, but do not want to invest a lot of money, the following tips will help you do some affordable interior decorating.
Make a framed picture collage on the wall.
Update your bathroom fittings/fixtures. By coordinating new bathroom fittings with your current fixtures and adding vanity lighting, you can change the appearance of your bathroom.
Light up your room with new lamps. You can mix and match lamp bases and shades for a new lighting solution in any room,
Replace your cabinet hardware with new pulls and knobs. Plenty of styles are available to help modernize the look of your kitchen.
to spruce up – прихорашиваться; наряжаться
dimension –. 1) измерение 2) размеры, величина; объем; протяжение
green thumb – садоводческое искусство
to soften – смягчать
fittings – оборудование
fixture – приспособление, прибор
vanity – зд. комплект, состоящий из раковины и туалетного столика (тж. vanity unit)
2. Find the English equivalents in the text:
ожидать с нетерпением, допустимый (по средствам), переставить мебель, дерзкий или утонченный, служит дополнением к цвету, произведение искусства, оттенок новизны, пестрый (броский) оттенок
3. Find the synonyms to the following words:
to smarten up an interior, to spend a fortune, more attractive position, to be astonished, the look of the bathroom, door handles, to renovate
4. Answer the questions:
1) What advice is given in the text?
2) Why do people usually want to spruce up their rooms?
3) Have you ever tried to spruce up your room?
4) If you are going to smarten any interior will you follow this advice?
5) Have you got any other design ideas how to redecorate an interior? Can you continue this list of tips and give your own recommendations?
5) What tips did you like best? What advice will you follow?
5. Dialogue. A friend of yours has got tired of his/her room and wants to renew the interior. He/She asks you to give a piece of advice.
Список использованной литературы
1) Dictionary of English Language and Culture: Longman, 2000.
2) Электронный словарь ABBYY Lingvo 11: Англо-русский словарь общей лексики. 100 тыс. статей. © ABBYY Software, 2005.
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Text 7
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