Если у вас возникли сложности с курсовой, контрольной, дипломной, рефератом, отчетом по практике, научно-исследовательской и любой другой работой - мы готовы помочь.
Предоплата всего
Подписываем
UNIT 2
HIGHER EDUCATION IN GREAT BRITAIN. OXFORD
1. Lead-in
1.1 Look at the pictures and say which one shows the University of Cambridge, Oxford University and the Scottish Police College?
Model: The first (second, third) picture shows __________________ .
1.2 Think and guess which institution
– was founded by Oxford scholars;
– is situated at a castle (замок);
– is the second oldest university in the English-speaking world;
Model: I think that the University of Cambridge (Oxford University,
the Scottish Police College___________________.
1.3 Listen and match the pictures with the description of the education institution. Check your answers.
1.4 Copy and complete the table. Look at your notes and talk about each institution of higher education.
|
Official title |
Foundation date |
Location |
Mission |
Teaching staff |
Students (trainees) |
2. Topical vocabulary
2.1 Listen and pronounce the following words and expressions after the speaker
Education – образование, воспитание
Learning – изучение
Research – исследование
Public – государственный
Private – частный
Institution of higher education – вуз
What type of institution are you in? – В каком вузе ты учишься?
Undergraduate – студент бакалавриата
Graduate – выпускник
Postgraduate – студент магистратуры или докторантуры
To graduate from – окончить университет, вуз
To provide – обеспечивать
To enter – поступать в вуз
To enroll –зачислять
To admit – допускать, принимать
Admission – прием, поступление в вуз
To apply to – подавать заявление, обращаться с просьбой
To register – вносить в списки, отметить(ся), записаться на что-либо
To attend classes – посещать занятия
To deal with – иметь дело с чем-либо
To handle – обращаться с чем-либо; рассматривать
What is the best way to register? – Какой самый лучший способ зарегистрироваться?
How long does it take to apply? – Сколько времени требуется, чтобы подать заявление?
It takes an hour to – требуется час, чтобы
Teaching staff, faculty (Amer.)– преподавательский состав
Tutor – преподаватель, обучающий одного или нескольких студентов
Tutorial – занятия с тьютором
Tuition – плата за обучение
Could you give me some advice about? – Вы могли бы дать мне совет о?
3.Grammar
ACTIVE VOICE
|
INDEFINITE |
CONTINUOUS |
PERFECT |
PERFECT CONTINUOUS |
|
|
PRESENT |
V, Vs |
am is + Ving |
Have |
Have |
|
PAST |
Ved, V2 |
Was |
had + Ved, V3 |
had + been + Ving |
|
FUTURE |
Will + V |
Wiil + be + Ving |
Will + have + V3 |
Will + have + been + Ving |
PASSIVE VOICE
|
INDEFINITE |
CONTINUOUS |
PERFECT |
|
|
PRESENT |
am is +V3 are Usually houses are built in 8 months. Обычно дома строят 8 ме сяцев. |
am is + being + V3 are This house is being built now. Этот дом строится сейчас. |
have + been + V3 has This house has already been built. Этот дом уже построен. |
|
PAST |
was + V3 were This house was built last year. Этот дом был построен в прошлом году. |
» was + being + V3 were When I came last year this house was being built. Этот дом строился, когда я в прошлом году приехал. |
had + been + V, This house had been built before I came. Этот дом был построен до того, как я приехал. |
|
FUTURE |
will + be + V3 This house will be built next year. Этот дом будет построен в следующем году. |
X |
will + have + been + V3 This house will already have been built by January. Этот дом уже будет построен к январю. |
3.1 Think and choose the verb tense to translate the following sentences into English. Put the number of the sentence in the appropriate box.
|
Indefinite |
Continuous |
Perfect |
Perf. Continuous |
|
|
Present |
||||
|
Past |
||||
|
Future |
3.2 Translate the following expressions into Russian and explain the meaning of the tense forms. Put the words characterizing each one into the brackets.
Model: We study English (every day).
The cadets are studying ( ).
have studied ( ).
have been studying ( ).
studied ( ).
were studying ( ).
had studied ( ).
had been studying ( ).
will study ( ).
will be studying ( ).
will have studied ( ).
will have been studying ( ).
3.3 Translate into English
Я тренируюсь сейчас.
уже 3 года.
Я тренировался когда ты пришел в зал.
уже 2 часа, когда ты пришел.
Я тренировался вчера.
Я потренировался только что.
вчера к 10 часам.
Я потренируюсь завтра.
завтра к 10 часам.
Я буду тренироваться когда ты придешь в зал.
завтра в 10 часов.
уже 2 часа, когда ты придешь.
3.4 Choose the correct form of the verbs and translate the following sentences into English.
1. Студенты обычно поступают (are entering / enter / have entered) в университет в возрасте 18 лет.
2. Мой друг изучает (is studying / was studying / has been studying) английский язык с детства.
3. Я запишусь (will register / will have registered / register) в исследовательскую группу до 1 декабря.
4. Вчера мой друг подал заявление (had applied to / applied to / was applying to) о поступлении в вуз.
5. Его брат уже окончил (graduated / had graduated /has graduated) университет.
6. Он служил (served / has served / had served) 2 года в армии до поступления в полицейскую академию.
7. Британские студенты будут платить (are paying / will have paid / will pay) 9 000 фунтов за обучение.
8. Когда мы поступили (were entering / entered / have entered) в Академию, этот курсант уже год занимался исследованием (was dealing with/ has been dealing with / has been dealing with) по криминалистике.
9. К следующему году он будет посещать (will attend/ will have been attending/ will be attending) научный кружок уже 4 года.
10. Следователь составлял протокол (has been making a record / made a record /was making a record) когда ему позвонил (calls/ called, has called) эксперт-криминалист.
3.5 Think and choose the verb tense to translate the following sentences into English. Put the number of the sentence in the appropriate box.
|
Indefinite |
Continuous |
Perfect |
|
|
Present |
|||
|
Past |
|||
|
Future |
13. The most difficult assignment will be explained by the tutor tomorrow.
14. The assignment for the students is being explained by the tutor now.
15. Your assignment will have been explained by the beginning of the test.
16. The assignment had been already explained when you came to the meeting.
3.6 Transform the Active Voice forms into the Passive Voice ones and translate them into Russian.
Model: I ask (я спрашиваю).
I am asked (меня спрашивают).
ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE
I asked
I will ask
I am asking
I was asking
I have asked
I had asked
I will have asked
3.7 Change the sentences from the Active Voice into the Passive Voice
Model:
(A.V.) I will learn Criminal Law next term.
(P.V.) Criminal Law will be learnt by me next term.
3.8 Translate into English
1. Эссе (essay) обсуждают сейчас.
на каждом занятии.
обычно при зачислении.
2. Эссе обсуждали когда ты пришел.
вчера на занятии с тьютором.
3. Эссе обсудили вчера.
только что.
до того, как вы пришли.
4. Эссе обсудят завтра.
до того, как ты посетишь занятия.
3.9 Read the text choosing the correct form of the verbs.
The Russell Group Universities
The Russell Group is a union of twenty UK universities that together (receive / are received) two-thirds of the research grant in the United Kingdom. The Russell Group (names / is named) so because the first informal meetings of the Group (had been taken place / took place) at the Russell Hotel in Russell Square, London. It (was established / established) in 1994 to represent their interests to the government, parliament and other bodies. The group (chairs / is chaired) by Professor Michael Arthur, Vice Chancellor of University of Leeds. The Russell Group (is contained / contains) many of the United Kingdom's leading universities. 16 members are from England, two from Scotland, one from Wales and one from Northern Ireland.
At present over 30% of British students (are being attended / are attending) classes at Russell Group universities. In total, 20 universities (take / are taken) in about 75,000 new students in the first year, every year. The Russell Group (is stated / states) that its objectives are to: lead the UK's research; maximize income for its member institutions; attract the best staff and students to those institutions.
4. Speaking
The Simple Sentence Structure
Структура простого предложения
Subject (S) – подлежащее
Predicate (P) – сказуемое
Object (O) – дополнение
Adverbial modifier (AM) – обстоятельство
Question word (QW) – вопросительное слово
Auxiliary verb (AV) – вспомогательный глагол
|
QW |
AV |
S |
P |
O |
AM |
|
+The cadets |
patrol |
streets |
every day |
||
|
– He |
didn’t serve |
in the army |
last year |
||
|
? Will |
you |
solve |
this crime? |
||
|
?When |
are |
they |
leaving |
home? |
4.1 Answer the following questions about your education institution.
Model:Q- Is there a library at your education institution?
A -1 - Yes, there is.
A -2 - Yes, there is one big library at my education institution.
A -3 - No, there isn’t.
A -4 - No, there is not any library at my education institution.
Is there a/any (reading room / stadium / tuition fees / strong teaching staff / scholarship / variety of courses / Internet access / campus / museum / home comfort) at your higher school?
Model:Q - Are there any admission tests at your Academy?
A -1 - Yes, there are.
A -2 - Yes, there are some admission tests at my Academy.
A -3 - No, there aren’t.
A -4 - No, there are not any admission tests at my Academy.
Are there any/ many (graduates / tutors / girl-cadets / tutorials / innovations / graduation tests / different degree programs / postgraduate courses / student loans) at your Academy?
Model:Q - How long does it take to get a bachelor’s degree?
A - It takes 4 years(to get a bachelor’s degree).
How long does it take to (write an essay / become a Colonel of police / learn law enforcement English / get a Master’s degree / read “War and Peace” / speak Chinese / study at the Academy / learn to drive a car / learn to use the weapon)?
4.2 Look at the pictures of the University of Cambridge, Oxford University and the Scottish Police College (ex.1.1). Compose 10 questions to Craig Duar about these education institutions.
4.3 Imagine that the best cadet of your group has just come back from educational trip to the Scottish Police College. He made a presentation about it. Ask him about the college. The text below will help you.
The Scottish Police College at Tulliallan Castle celebrated its 56th anniversary as the home of police training in Scotland. The history of its building is very interesting. It was a medieval castle reconstructed by Admiral Keith. During the Second World War it served as the home of the Polish Free Forces. The building was modernized and the first courses for inspectors and sergeants began in 1954.
The task of the Scottish Police College was to train constables from different police forces centrally and to provide some form of higher training for senior officers. The recruits were to have two-stage training, initial training lasting 12 weeks and the second-stage training lasting 8 weeks. These two periods of training were separated by a period of practice in the force. The new recruit program now consists of a 16 week training course at the College, a 50 week period of operational patrol duties and a final 2 week period to check knowledge and skills of the trainees.
Traditionally the trainees of the Scottish Police College are junior officers of the Scottish police service. In the course of their training, the cadets are to get actual knowledge of the following: crime, evidence, general police duties, traffic policing and investigational techniques.
Besides classroom activities, young police officers handle Officer Safety Training, skills of self-defense, baton and handcuff techniques. They are also to have intensive physical training and pass the Scottish Police Fitness Test.
The instructors of the Scottish Police College are experienced workers of the Scottish police forces.
Before reading
5.1. Read and translate some international words: academic, typical, factor, location, home comfort, course, historically, normally, financed, maximum, international student, hierarchy, prestigious, technological, innovation, inspector, standard.
variety – разнообразие
various – различный, разный
to offer – предлагать
to go on – продолжать
to last for – длиться, продолжаться
to complete – завершать
eligible– иметь право
to undertake – предпринимать, брать
access – доступ
worship – поклонение, культ
to charge – установить цену
to entitle – давать право на
to maintain – поддерживать, сохранять
student loan – кредит на учебу
scholarship – стипендия
hierarchy – иерархия
to contain – содержать в себе
to date from –восходить к, датироваться
innovation – новшество
syllabus (singl.) – программа, учебный план; syllabi (pl.) – программы
peculiarity – особенность
collegiate – коллегиальный, состоящий из колледжей
|
tutorial |
grant |
|
access |
to suggest |
|
to deal with |
different |
|
scholarship |
class |
|
financed |
supported |
|
to offer |
to finish |
|
to go on |
admission |
|
various |
new development |
|
to complete |
to continue |
|
innovation |
to handle |
5.4 Complete the word-building table with words from tasks 2.1 and 5.2.
|
Verb |
Noun |
Noun (person) |
|
to educate |
1 |
educator |
|
2 |
entrance |
entrant |
|
to graduate |
graduation |
3 |
|
to teach |
4 |
teacher |
|
5 |
application |
applicant |
|
to learn |
learning |
6 |
|
to research |
7 |
researcher |
|
to provide |
provision |
8 |
|
to innovate |
9 |
innovator |
|
10 |
maintenance |
maintainer |
5.5 Think and answer.
How many universities are there in Great Britain?
What are the oldest English universities?
What degrees do English universities offer?
Is there any English university graduate among the people you know?
Text: Higher Education in Great Britain
The UK has a variety of higher education opportunities for students. There are over 100 universities which offer various degree programs. About one-third of all UK school graduates go on to some form of higher education. Students normally enter university from age 18, and study for an academic degree.
The typical first degree offered at English universities is the bachelor's degree. It usually requires three years. Many institutions now offer an undergraduate master's degree as a first degree, which typically lasts for four years. During a first degree students are known as undergraduates. Students who have completed a first degree are eligible to undertake a postgraduate degree, which might be a: Master's degree (typically taken in one year, though research-based master's degrees may last for two) and Doctorate (typically taken in three years).
Choosing the right school depends on a large number of factors such as: location of the school, tuition, size of the school, access to home comforts, place of worship, home food, courses available.
Historically, all undergraduate education outside the private University of Buckingham was largely state-financed. Most undergraduates paid tuition that was set at a maximum of £3,375 per year. At present fees of up to £9,000 per year are charged. These fees are repayable after graduation, at a certain level of income. The state pays all fees for students from the poorest families. UK students are generally entitled to student loans. The fees for international students can be up to £18,000 per year or more.
Postgraduate fees vary but are generally more than undergraduate fees, depending on the degree and university. However, full scholarships are available for postgraduates.
There is a distinct hierarchy among universities, with the Russell Group containing most of the country's more prestigious, research-led and research-focused universities. The two oldest universities in England are Oxford and Cambridge. These date from the Middle Ages. England had no other universities until the 19th century. The universities which were founded between 1850 and 1930 are known as ‘Red Brick universities’. They were called so because that was the favorable building material of the time. These universities were built to provide a liberal education for the poorer boys and to give technological training. The universities which were founded after the Second World War are called ‘the new universities’. The most interesting innovation is Open University.
The state does not control university syllabi, but it does influence admission procedures. It still has control over teacher training courses, and uses its inspectors to maintain standards.
5.7. Find English equivalents to the following word-combinations: степень бакалавра, учиться для получения академической степени, степень магистра, четкая иерархия, университеты, где проводятся и сосредоточены исследования, излюбленный строительный материал, курсы подготовки учителей, разнообразие возможностей, средние века, процедура приема, студентам дают право на получение ссуды.
After reading
5.8 Are the following statements true or false? Correct the false ones.
a) Every high school graduate in UK enters university.
b) The state provides financial aid to students.
c) All undergraduate education is state financed.
d) The “new universities” were founded in the middle of the XX century.
e) The admission procedure is under the state control.
5.9 Answer the questions.
6. Activity
6.1 Can you write letters in English? What is a letter of inquiry? What are the rules of writing it?
Read the text and answer the questions above!
A letter of inquiry is a business letter. It requests information. Identify the information you need in a one- or two-paragraph letter. As a student, you may occasionally write a letter of inquiry requesting a company, person or institution to send you information for use in a class project or report. To write a letter of inquiry, use these guidelines:
State who you are and why you are writing.
Ask questions that the respondent can answer.
Tell the respondent how to reach you.
Thank the respondent for his or her time and effort.
6.2 Study the example of a letter of inquiry.
1437 West Horwath Drive
Oklahoma City, OK 73100
April 2, 2015
Mr. John O'Brien
Chief Officer
Defensive Means Corp.
871 Cashew Boulevard
Lewiston, ME 04240
Dear Mr. O'Brien,
For my research paper on terrorism I am investigating the forms, means and methods of fighting it. In the reading I have done, I found your article where you mention a new weapon 409 CR. Could you please take a few minutes to supply more information on the following questions:
What are the advantages of this weapon?
What divisions have it at their disposal?
Are there any known terrorist groups using this weapon?
Is there any possible way for any law-abiding citizen to use it?
Is it possible to arrange its demonstration for law-enforcement cadets?
You can write to me at the above address, or you can call (715) 253-2580 on Monday and Wednesday (9 a.m.-12 p.m.) or Friday after 10 a.m. My fax number is (715) 352-0001 and e-mail is bsmirnov@gmail.com. My deadline for using this information is May 1. I hope to hear from you soon. Thank you for taking time to answer these questions.
Sincerely,
Boris Smirnov
6.3 Write a letter of inquiry to the Oxford Admission Office asking for general information about enrollment and peculiarities of the university. The text below will help you.
The University of Oxford (informally Oxford University, or simply Oxford) is the second oldest surviving university in the world and the oldest in the English-speaking world. Although the exact date of its foundation remains unclear, there is evidence of teaching there as far back as 1096.
The University of Oxford is a “public university” in the sense that it receives a large amount of public money from the government and from local authorities, but it is a "private university" in the sense that it is entirely self-governing and could choose to become private by rejecting public funds.
The peculiarity of Oxford is that it is a collegiate university. It comprises over forty self-governing colleges and halls. Central administration is headed by the Vice-Chancellor. There is no upper or lower limit on the age of those who want to enter the university. Colleges have responsibility for admitting undergraduates and organizing their tuition. They provide social, cultural, and recreational activities for their members. As for graduates, this responsibility falls upon the departments.
The academic departments are not affiliated with any particular college. Departments provide facilities for teaching and research, determine the syllabi and guidelines for the teaching of students, perform research, and deliver lectures and seminars. Colleges arrange the tutorial teaching for their undergraduates. Graduate students are usually instructed through classes and seminars, though there is more focus upon individual research. The various academic faculties, departments, and institutes are organized into four divisions, each with its own Head.