The milky wy The solr system consists of the sun 8 plnets revolving round it
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Celestial bodies as stars, plants, moons and rocky bodies rotate in space
Stars They are celestial bodies that emit heat& light.
G.R Astronomers don't measure the distances between stars by kilometers.
B. stars far away by millions of kilometers from us
* Astronomers measure the distances between stars by light year.
light year The distance covered by light in a year.
light year = 9.467 x 1012 km
Galaxies A group of thousands of millions of stars and the biggest unit of the universe
The galaxy of our solar system is "The milky way"
The solar system consists of the sun, 8 planets revolving around it.
* Planets revolve around the sun in oval paths
The moon is the satellite of earth, which is affected by its gravity.
* Mercury and Venus have no moons – Mars has 2 moons –
Earth has one moon.
* Jupiter has the biggest number of moons
Asteroids They are celestial bodies which are formed of stones& rocks (rotates around the sun between Mars & Jupiter)
The wonderer asteroid belt The region which separates between the group of inner planets from the group of outer planets (between Mars and Jupiter)
Meteors
They are celestial bodies which form luminous arrows in the sky.
Meteorites they are Celestial bodies which penetrate the atmosphere& some of them reaches the earth's surface.
Comets Celestial bodies which consist of head& tail and composed of rocks, ice& solidified gases.
Halley comet The most famous comet which was seen in 1986.
Halley comet complete one rotation around sun every 76 years.
Compare between: The inner planets and the outer planets
|
Points |
The inner planets |
The outer planets |
|
1. Size |
They are small solid planets |
They are big sized (giant planets) |
|
2. Distance from sun |
The nearest 4 planets to the sun. |
The farthest 4 planets from the sun. |
|
3. Density |
They have high density |
They have low density |
|
4. Characters |
They all have atmosphere except Mercury. |
The presence of a large number of moons rotating around them. |
|
5. Names |
Mercury, Venus, Earth& Mars. |
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. |
|
6. Composition |
Solid rocks |
Solid gases |
The scientist Issac Newton proved that there is a force of gravity
between any 2 objects in space.
The force of gravity depends on: the mass and distance between 2 objects
- Jupiter has the biggest gravity – Mars has the smallest gravity force
Telescope
The most important instrument that are used in identifying the Celestial bodies.
7. The two types of telescopes are reflecting telescope & refracting telescope
Function (uses) of telescopes:
they form large image for (identifying) celestial bodies
Q2 Give reasons:
- The presence of hydrogen gas in a solidified state in outer planets group.
Due to the high pressure and extreme coldness on the surface of these planets.
- The outer planets have low densities.
Because they are gaseous planets consists of solidified gases.
Q4 Complete:
1. The --------- are celestial bodies that emit heat& light.
2. ------------- are the biggest unit of the universe while the galaxy
That our system belongs to is called ------------------.
3. -----------------Planet has the biggest number of moons, while Mars has ------------------------- moons only.
4. The ------ belt separates the inner from the outer planets.
5. The head of the comet is a mixture of ---------, ----------, ----& water molecules while the ---------------consists of a gaseous cloud.
6. The scientist ---------------------------- proved that there is a force of gravity between 2 objects in space.
7. The two types of telescopes are ----------& --------------.
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