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EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM
Grounds for and objectives of the proposal
The environmental impact of domestic ovens and range hoods in the European Union is significant, in particular their energy consumption in the use phase, which was estimated to be 359 PJ1 (primary energy consumption) per year in 2010, corresponding to 16.2 Mt CO2 equivalent.
Provisions for regarding the energy labelling of household electric ovens were established by Commission Directive 2002/40/EC of 8 May 2002 implementing Council Directive 92/75/EEC2. However, technological development in the field of domestic cooking appliances has been rapid in recent years. The ecodesign preparatory studies showed that, in addition to the energy efficiency improvements already achieved for domestic electric ovens, there is scope for further reducing the energy consumption of these appliances. Additionally, the studies showed that domestic gas ovens and range hoods have a significant potential for energy savings.
The aim of this draft delegated Regulation is to introduce a revised labelling scheme for domestic ovens including gas ovens and a new scheme for the labelling of domestic range hoods according to their energy efficiency and energy consumption and providing standard product information for consumers. The labelling requirements also provide a dynamic incentive for suppliers to improve energy efficiency and to accelerate the market take-up of energy-efficient domestic ovens and range hoods.
This draft delegated regulation would complement the proposed draft Commission Regulation implementing Directive 2009/125/EC with regard to ecodesign requirements for domestic ovens, hobs and range hoods 3.
General context
Low-efficiency domestic ovens and range hoods continue to be sold because of failure to provide incentives for suppliers to place high-efficiency appliances on the market and to guide end-users (consumers) away from purchase decisions based on the selling price rather than on the life cycle cost of the product. Furthermore, those who buy the appliances and those who have to bear the running costs (for example building owners and tenants) have different outlooks. The building owners aim to keep the purchase costs of domestic ovens and range hoods installed in their property down, whereas the people renting the accomodation and using these appliances end up paying higher energy bills. Then, information on energy efficiency of ovens is currently limited to electric ovens which causes an imbalance between electric and gas ovens. Potential cost-effective improvements for the end-user are therefore often not realised.
These problems have been only partly addressed lasting recent years by means of the labelling scheme set out for electric ovens leading to energy efficiency improvement. This labelling scheme ought to be a springboard for further improvements. However, the preparatory study has shown that if the current energy efficiency classes are not revised, the already achieved limited improvement in energy efficiency for electric ovens will remain static due to the current design of the label G to A classes where class A is over-populated and the most efficient electric ovens cannot be distinguished from other less efficient A-class appliances.
According to the impact assessment, the annual primary energy consumption related to domestic ovens and range hoods can be further reduced below the business as usual scenario by 26 PJ4 per year in 2020, increasing up to 57 PJ5 per year by 2030 in a cost-effective way. This reduction would be equivalent to almost 1% of the energy consumed annually by households (except for space/water heating and for transport) and would represent a monetary saving of about 10 euros per year and per household by 2030. In term of generation capacity, this would be equivalent in 2030 to savings of almost six coal-fired power units with a power rate of 200 MW.
The proposed delegated Regulation in combination with the effect of the ecodesign requirements set out in the draft Commission Regulation implementing Directive 2009/125/EC on domestic ovens, hobs and range hoods can achieve this target.
Existing provisions in the area of the proposal
Other legislation relevant to domestic ovens and range hoods includes:
Consistency with other policies and objectives of the Union
Increased market take-up of energy-efficient domestic ovens and range hoods through the introduction of revised and new energy efficiency classes and proposed ecodesign requirements will contribute to the 20% energy savings which should be achieved by 2020 according to the Energy Efficiency Action Plan (COM(2006) 545), and are confirmed in the Commissions Communication on Energy 2020 (COM(2010) 639) and Energy Efficiency Plan 2011 (COM(2011) 109).
The present proposal will complement promotion of the market take-up of efficient products, which is at the heart of the EUs Europe 2020 strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth (COM(2010) 2020), as it will greatly improve energy efficiency, support the transition to a resource-efficient economy, encourage investment in R&D and ensure a level playing field for domestic ovens and range hoods.
The proposed energy labelling of domestic ovens and range hoods is in line with the Commissions industrial policy, in particular the Sustainable Consumption, Production and Industrial Policy Action Plan (COM(2008) 397) and the European Economic Recovery Plan (COM(2008) 800), which mentions energy efficiency as one of the key priorities, referring for example to the promotion of the rapid take-up of products offering a high potential for energy savings.
Furthermore, implementation of Directive 2010/30/EU14 contributes to the EUs objective of attaining at least a 20% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2020.
Consultation of interested parties
Consultation methods, main sectors targeted and general profile of respondents
International and EU-level stakeholders and Member State experts were consulted from the very beginning of the preparatory studies, and, together with energy labelling, ecodesign requirements were discussed in the Consultation Forum, which is established by the Ecodesign Framework Directive 2009/125/EC15. The Consultation Forum is composed of experts from the Member States and a balanced representation of stakeholders, namely environmental and consumer NGOs, retailers and manufacturers. During the April and July 2012 meetings of the Consultation Forum, Commission staff presented a working document outlining ecodesign requirements and an energy efficiency ranking for domestic ovens, hobs and range hoods.
All relevant working documents were circulated to the experts and stakeholders, and published in the Commissions CIRCA system alongside the stakeholder comments received in writing. In addition, the initiative was discussed on many occasions at meetings of Commission staff with stakeholders and Member States, as well as with international partners. The draft delegated regulation measure was notified to the WTO/TBT on [date after ISC] to ensure that no barrier to trade would be introduced.
Summary of responses and how they have been taken into account
In general, a revised energy labelling scale for electric ovens and a new scheme for domestic gas ovens and range hoods is well supported by stakeholders and Member States. The following responses on key aspects of the proposal were received:
Product scope and label
The Commissions proposal to extend energy labelling requirements to gas ovens, and to set out a new labelling scheme for domestic range hoods was supported by all stakeholders. The suggested scope covers domestic electric and gas ovens and domestic range hood, also when used for non-domestic purposes s.
Appliances that use energy sources other than electricity or gas, appliances which offer a microwave heating function, small ovens, portable ovens and range hoods without motor are excluded, either because such appliances are becoming obsolete or their environmental impact is relatively small compared to the impact of the domestic ovens and range hoods under consideration.
Stakeholders, in particular consumer organisations, want the labels to be kept simple for end-users. The product label is generally approved by Member States and stakeholders, with an energy efficiency scale that goes from D to A+++ for ovens and from G to A+++ for domestic range hoods.
Energy labelling scales
The initial draft working proposal that the Commission submitted to the Ecodesign Forum included one combined labelling scheme for electric and gas ovens providing comparative energy classes based on the primary energy consumption and on the same calculation metrics. This draft proposal raised some concerns among stakeholders. The combined labelling scheme could be challenging for electric ovens as their primary energy efficiency depends considerably on the energy mix in general and on the local electricity production process in particular, which are not under the control of the oven manufacturers/suppliers. Additionally for gas ovens, it was considered that in most countries the building regulations and standards require gas ovens to have an extra permanent ventilation provision (e.g. a hole), which indirectly could cost space heating/cooling energy to heat/cool the incoming air also when the oven is not operating. However, the effect of these measures can vary considerably with seasons and depends very much on geographical locations and climatic areas. And there is no tangible method of determining this impact on the overall energy efficiency of gas ovens.
With all these uncertainties as regards determination of the primary/overall efficiency of electric and gas ovens, the combined labelling scheme for electric and gas ovens appeared to be challenging for the industry and for various Member States. In this context, the majority of stakeholders did not wish to consider this proposal and thus this option was discarded. Instead, it was suggested to use a labelling scheme, with similar labels for electric and gas ovens but different metrics, which can give incentives to bring both electric and gas ovens into the top classes (class A++ as a maximum for electric ovens according to the potential technological development and class A+++ for the potentially higher energy-efficient gas ovens).
The current label for electric ovens distinguishes three discrete categories based on the volume of the oven cavity. This has proven to be less effective and creates some bunching of models just beyond category limits. Stakeholders agreed to redesign this metric and eliminate this type of categorisation and proposed to base the energy classes on a linear relation between volume and energy efficiency of the oven cavity.
For electric ovens, the question of downgrading the energy classification of existing models was also raised. While in general there was understanding between stakeholders that downgrading of existing models (e.g. from A to B) should be avoided as much as possible, it was agreed that downgrading of some models was unavoidable in the design of an effective electric oven label, but this would also be compensated by upgrading of other models.
As regards the general ambition level of labelling requirements, a consensus was reached that all ovens could attain a level that is comparable to the current A level for electric ovens and that would leave the A+, A++ and A+++ levels for the most efficient appliances as envisaged in the Labelling Directive.
Timetable
For the labelling of domestic range hoods, stakeholders agreed to make provision in the draft delegated Regulation for an energy efficiency scale that goes from G to A+++ in three successive stages aligned with the ecodesign timetable.
Collection and use of expertise
Input from scientific expertise
Preparatory studies and an impact assessment provided the relevant technical, market and economic analysis needed for setting up the energy labelling scheme for domestic ovens and range hoods. They were carried out by consortiums of external consultants on behalf of the Commissions Directorate General for Energy.
Main organisations/experts consulted
The preparatory studies were conducted in an open process, taking into account input from stakeholders, including manufacturers, retailers and their associations, environmental NGOs, consumer organisations, EU/EEA Member State experts and experts from outside the EU.
Summary of advice received and used
No potentially serious risks with irreversible consequences were mentioned by any stakeholder, nor were any identified during the preparatory work.
Impact assessment
An impact assessment of the possible policy measures was carried out in accordance with Article 15(4)(b) of the Ecodesign Directive 2009/125/EC, which also examined the option of labelling.
Several policy options for achieving a market transformation fulfilling the appropriate level of ambition were considered, including the business as usual scenario, self-regulation, energy labelling only, ecodesign requirements only and a combination of the latter two.
However, due to the clear mandate given by the legislator to establish ecodesign requirements and energy labelling for domestic ovens, hobs and range hoods, the depth of analysis for options other than an implementing legal act is proportionate, and the focus is on assessment of the proposed implementing regulations.
The various impacts that could result from introducing energy labels were assessed against the business as usual scenario. Based on an assessment of costs and benefits, a combination of ecodesign requirements and labelling requirements for the appliances in question was identified as the preferred option to solve the problem of market failure in the take-up of domestic ovens and range hoods with improved environmental performance, as that combination best meets the requirements of the Ecodesign and Energy Labelling Directives.
Consequently, the option comprising the adoption of ecodesign requirements together with the introduction of a product labelling scheme was chosen, as it delivers most savings and is also preferred by stakeholders.
It will ensure that:
Summary of the proposed action
The measure sets out new and revised mandatory information requirements for suppliers placing domestic ovens and range hoods on the market, and for dealers offering these appliances at the point of sale or by distance selling such as via catalogues or the internet. The scope of the measure is aligned with the scope of the draft Commission Regulation implementing Directive 2009/125/EC with regard to ecodesign requirements for these appliances.
The energy efficiency ranking of the appliances in question is based on the scheme laid down in Directive 2010/30/EU in having one energy efficiency scale (D to A+++) for electric and gas ovens and one energy efficiency scale (G to A+++) for domestic range hoods.
For domestic range hoods, shortly after the entry into force of the draft delegated Regulation in 2014, a scale from G to A will become mandatory, while other scales F to A+, E to A++ and D to A+++ are to be used for A+, A++ and A+++ appliances respectively, so that the labelling scheme is fully beneficial to the most energy-efficient appliances. In 2015, this scale is to be replaced by a new scale F to A+, followed by a scale E to A++ in 2017 and by a scale D to A+++ in 2019, while classes G to E are to be abolished to accomodate more ambitious ecodesign requirements. This will ensure dynamic market transformation towards highly energy-efficient domestic range hoods.
The proposed product labels and standardised product information will help overcome the lack of information for people buying domestic ovens and range hoods and create a more balanced outlook among building owners and tenants.
The measurement methods and the verification procedure for market surveillance purposes are fully aligned with the draft Commission Regulation implementing Directive 2009/125/EC.
Legal basis
The draft delegated Regulation implements Directive 2010/30/EU, and in particular Article 10 thereof.
Subsidiarity principle
The draft delegated Regulation implements Directive 2010/30/EU in line with Article 10.
Proportionality principle
In accordance with the principle of proportionality, this measure does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve the objective.
The form of the implementing measure is a delegated Regulation which is directly applicable in all Member States. This ensures that national and EU administrations will not incur any costs for transposition of the implementing legislation into national legislation.
In terms of conformity assessment, the extra costs will cover both these energy labelling and ecodesign measures.
Choice of instrument
Proposed instrument: delegated Regulation.
Budgetary implication
There are no budgetary implications for the EU budget.
Additional information
None.
Review/revision/sunset clause
The draft includes a review clause.
European Economic Area
The proposed act concerns a European Economic Area matter and should therefore extend to the European Economic Area (EEA).
COMMISSION DELEGATED REGULATION (EU) No …/..
of XXX
supplementing Directive 2010/30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council
with regard to the energy labelling of domestic ovens and range hoods
(Text with EEA relevance)
THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,
Having regard to Directive 2010/30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 2010 on the indication by labelling and standard product information of the consumption of energy and other resources by energy-related products16, and in particular Article 10 thereof,
Whereas:
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
Article 1
Subject matter and scope
Article 2
Definitions
In addition to the definitions set out in Article 2 of Directive 2010/30/EC, the following definitions shall apply for the purposes of this Regulation:
Article 3
Responsibilities of suppliers and timetable
Suppliers shall ensure that:
Article 4
Responsibilities of dealers
Dealers shall ensure that:
Article 5
Measurement and calculation methods
The information to be provided under Articles 3 and 4 shall be obtained by reliable, accurate and reproducible measurement procedures, which take into account the recognised state-of-the-art calculation and measurement methods.
Article 6
Verification procedure for market surveillance purposes
When performing the market surveillance checks for compliance with requirements set out in this Regulation, the Member States authorities shall apply the verification procedure described in Annex VII.
Article 7
Review
The Commission shall review this Regulation in the light of technological progress no later than 1 July 2020.
Article 8
Repeal
Commission Directive 2002/40/EC shall be repealed from 1 July 2014.
Article 9
Entry into force and application
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
Done at Brussels,
For the Commission
The President
José Manuel BARROSO
ANNEX I
Efficiency classes
1. Domestic ovens
The energy efficiency classes of domestic ovens shall be determined separately for each cavity in accordance with values as set out in Table 1 of this Annex. The energy efficiency of ovens shall be determined in accordance with Annex II, point 1.
Table 1: Energy efficiency classes of domestic ovens |
|
Energy Efficiency Class |
Energy Efficiency Index (EEIcavity) |
A+++ (most efficient) |
EEIcavity < 45 |
A++ |
45 < EEIcavity < 62 |
A+ |
62 < EEIcavity < 82 |
A |
82 < EEIcavity < 107 |
B |
107 < EEIcavity < 132 |
C |
132 < EEIcavity < 159 |
D (least efficient) |
EEIcavity > 159 |
2. Domestic range hoods
a) The energy efficiency classes of domestic range hoods shall be determined in accordance with values as set out in Table 2 of this Annex. The Energy Efficiency Index (EEIhood) of domestic range hoods shall be calculated in accordance with Annex II, point 2(1).
Table 2: Energy efficiency classes of domestic range hoods |
|
Energy Efficiency Class |
Energy Efficiency Index (EEIhood) |
A+++ (most efficient) |
EEIhood < 30 |
A++ |
30 ≤ EEIhood < 37 |
A+ |
37 ≤ EEIhood < 45 |
A |
45 ≤ EEIhood < 55 |
B |
55 ≤ EEIhood < 70 |
C |
70 ≤ EEIhood < 85 |
D |
85 ≤ EEIhood < 100 |
E |
100 ≤ EEIhood < 110 |
F |
110 ≤ EEIhood < 120 |
G (least efficient) |
EEIhood ≥ 120 |
b) The fluid dynamic efficiency classes of a domestic range hood shall be determined in accordance with its Fluid Dynamic Efficiency (FDEhood) as in the following Table 3. The Fluid Dynamic Efficiency of domestic range hoods shall be determined in accordance with Annex II, point 2(2).
Table 3: Fluid Dynamic Efficiency classes for domestic range hoods |
|
Fluid Dynamic Efficiency Class |
Fluid Dynamic Efficiency (FDEhood) |
A (most efficient) |
FDEhood >28 |
B |
23 < FDEhood ≤ 28 |
C |
18 < FDEhood ≤ 23 |
D |
13 < FDEhood ≤ 18 |
E |
8 < FDEhood ≤ 13 |
F |
4 < FDEhood ≤ 8 |
G (least efficient) |
FDEhood ≤ 4 |
c) The lighting efficiency classes of a domestic range hood shall be determined in accordance with its Lighting Efficiency (LEhood) as in the following Table 4. The Lighting Efficiency of domestic range hoods shall be determined in accordance with Annex II, point 2(3).
Table 4: Lighting Efficiency classes for domestic range hoods |
|
Lighting Efficiency Class |
Lighting Efficiency (LEhood) |
A (most efficient) |
LEhood > 28 |
B |
24 < LEhood ≤ 28 |
C |
20 < LEhood ≤ 24 |
D |
16 < LEhood ≤ 20 |
E |
12 < LEhood ≤ 16 |
F |
8 < LEhood ≤ 12 |
G (least efficient) |
LEhood ≤ 8 |
d) The grease filtering efficiency classes of a domestic range hood shall be determined in accordance with its Grease Filtering Efficiency (GFEhood) as in the following Table 5. The Grease Filtering Efficiency of domestic range hoods shall be determined in accordance with Annex II, point 2(4).
Table 5: Grease Filtering Efficiency (GFEhood) classes for domestic range hoods |
|
Grease Filtering Efficiency Class |
Grease Filtering Efficiency (%) |
A (most efficient) |
GFEhood > 95 |
B |
85 < GFEhood ≤ 95 |
C |
75 < GFEhood ≤ 85 |
D |
65 < GFEhood ≤ 75 |
E |
55 < GFEhood ≤ 65 |
F |
45 < GFEhood ≤ 55 |
G (least efficient) |
GFEhood ≤ 45 |
ANNEX II
Measurements and calculations
For the purposes of compliance and verification of compliance with the requirements of this Regulation, measurements and calculations shall be made using a reliable, accurate and reproducible method that take into account the generally recognised state-of-the art measurement and calculation methods, including harmonised standards the reference numbers of which have been published for the purpose in the Official Journal of the European Union. They shall meet the technical definitions, conditions, equations and parameters set out in this Annex.
1. Domestic ovens
The energy consumption of a cavity of a domestic oven shall be measured for one standardised cycle, in a conventional mode and in a fan-forced mode, if available, by heating a standardised load soaked with water. The actual temperature inside the oven cavity shall correspond to the temperature setting of the oven thermostat and/or the oven control display during the complete measurement. The energy consumption per cycle corresponding to the best performing mode (conventional mode or fan-forced mode) shall be used in the following calculations.
For each cavity of a domestic electric and gas ovens, the Energy Efficiency Index (EEIcavity) shall be calculated according to the following formulas:
for domestic electric ovens:
SECelectric cavity = 0.0042 x V + 0.55 (in kWh)
for domestic gas ovens:
SECgas cavity = 0.044 x V + 3.53 (in MJ)
Where:
EEIcavity = Energy Efficiency Index for each cavity of a domestic oven, in %, rounded to the first decimal place;
SECelectric cavity = Specific Energy Consumption (electricity) required to heat a standardised load in a cavity of an electric heated domestic oven during a cycle, expressed in kWh, rounded to the second decimal place;
SECgas cavity = Specific Energy Consumption required to heat a standardised load in a cavity of a domestic gas-fired oven during a cycle, expressed in MJ, rounded to the second decimal place;
V = Volume of the cavity of the domestic oven in litres (L), rounded to the nearest integer;
ECelectric cavity = Energy consumption required to heat a standardised load in a cavity of an electric heated domestic oven during a cycle, expressed in kWh, rounded to the second decimal place;
ECgas cavity = Energy consumption required to heat a standardised load in a gas-fired cavity of a domestic oven during a cycle, expressed in MJ, rounded to the second decimal place.
The Energy Efficiency Index (EEIhood) is calculated as:
and is rounded to the first decimal place.
Where:
SAEChood is the Standard Annual Energy consumption of the domestic range hood in kWh/a, rounded to the first decimal place;
AEChood is the Annual Energy Consumption of the domestic range hood in kWh/a, rounded to the first decimal place.
The Specific Annual Energy Consumption (SAEChood) of a domestic range hood shall be calculated as:
SAEChood = 0.55 x (WBEP + WL) + 15.3
Where:
WBEP is the electric power input of the domestic range hood at the best efficiency point, in Watt and rounded to the first decimal place;
WL is the nominal electric power input of the lighting system of the domestic range hood on the cooking surface, in Watt and rounded to the first decimal place.
The Annual Energy Consumption (AEChood) of a domestic range hood is calculated as:
i) for the fully automatic domestic range hoods:
ii) for all other domestic range hoods:
Where:
tL is the average lighting time per day, in minutes (tL=120);
tH is the average running time per day for domestic range hoods, in minutes, (tH=60);
Po is the electric power input in off-mode of the domestic range hood, in Watt and rounded to the second decimal place;
Ps is the electric power input in standby mode of the domestic range hood, in Watt and rounded to the second decimal place;
f is the time increase factor, calculated and rounded to the first decimal place, as:
f = 2 (FDEhood ×3.6)/100
Calculation of the Fluid Dynamic Efficiency (FDEhood)
The Fluid Dynamic Efficiency (FDEhood) at the best efficiency point is calculated by the following formula, and is rounded to the first decimal place:
Where:
QBEP is the flow rate of the domestic range hood at best efficiency point, expressed in m3/h and rounded to the first decimal place;
PBEP is the static pressure difference of the domestic range hood at best efficiency point, expressed in Pa and rounded to the nearest integer;
WBEP is the electric power input of the domestic range hood at the best efficiency point, expressed in Watt and rounded to the nearest integer.
Calculation of the Lighting Efficiency (LEhood)
The Lighting Efficiency (LEhood) of a domestic range hood means the ratio between the average illumination and the nominal electric power input of the lighting system. It shall be calculated in lux per Watt and rounded at the nearest integer, as:
Where:
Emiddle is the average illumination of the lighting system on the cooking surface, in lux and rounded to the nearest integer;
WL is the nominal electric power input of the lighting system of the domestic range hood on the cooking surface, in Watt and rounded to the first decimal place.
Calculation of the Grease Filtering Efficiency (GFEhood)
The Grease Filtering Efficiency (GFEhood) of a domestic range hood means the relative amount of grease retained within the range hood grease filters. It shall be calculated and rounded to the first decimal place as:
GFEhood = [wg / (wr + wt + wg)] × 100 [%]
Where:
wg = the mass of oil in the grease filter, including all detachable coverings, in g and rounded to the first decimal place;
wr = the mass of oil retained in the airways of the range hood, in g and rounded to the first decimal place;
wt = the mass of oil retained in the absolute filter, in g and rounded to the first decimal place.
Noise
The Noise Value (in dB) is measured as the airborne acoustical A-weighted sound power emissions (weighted average value - LWA) of a domestic range hood at the highest setting for normal use, rounded to the nearest integer.
ANNEX III
The label
1. Label for domestic ovens
1.1. Domestic electric ovens
1.1.1 Label presentation for each cavity of a domestic electric oven
I, II III IV V, VI |
[N.B.: Numbering of the Regulation to be added on the label before publication in the OJ]
1.1.2 Label information domestic electric ovens
The following information shall be included in the label:
I Suppliers name or trade mark;
II Suppliers model identifier, where model identifier means the code, usually alphanumeric, which distinguishes a specific domestic oven model from other models with the same trade mark or suppliers name;
III Energy source of the domestic oven;
IV The energy efficiency class of the cavity determined in accordance with Annex I. The head of the arrow containing the indicator letter shall be placed at the same height as the head of the arrow of the relevant energy efficiency class;
V. Usable volume of the cavity in litres, rounded to the nearest integer;
VI. Energy consumption per cycle expressed in kWh/cycle (electricity consumption) for the heating function(s) (conventional and/or the forced air convection) of the cavity based on standard load determined in accordance with the test procedures, rounded to the second decimal place (ECelectric cavity).
1.1.3 Label design domestic electric ovens
The design of the label for each cavity of a domestic electric oven shall be as in the following figure:
[N.B.: Numbering of the Regulation to be added on the label before publication in the OJ]
Whereby:
(i) The label shall be at least 85 mm wide and 170 mm high. Where the label is printed in a larger format, its content shall nevertheless remain proportionate to the specifications above.
(ii) The background shall be white.
(iii) Colours shall be CMYK cyan, magenta, yellow and black, following this example: 00-70-X-00: 0 % cyan, 70 % magenta, 100 % yellow, 0 % black.
(iv) The label shall fulfil all of the following requirements (numbers refer to the figure above):
Border stroke: 4 pt colour: cyan 100% round corners: 3 mm.
EU logo colours: X-80-00-00 and 00-00-X-00.
Energy logo: colour: X-00-00-00;
pictogram as depicted: EU logo + energy label: width: 70 mm,
height: 14 mm.
Sub-logos border: 1.5 pt colour: cyan 100% length: 70 mm.
Scale of energy classes
- Arrow: height: 5.5 mm, gap: 1 mm colours:
Highest class: X-00-X-00;
Second class: 70-00-X-00;
Third class: 30-00-X-00;
Fourth class: 00-00-X-00;
Fifth class: 00-30-X-00;
Sixth class: 00-70-X-00;
Last class: 00-X-X-00;
- Text: Calibri bold 18 pt, capitals and white; “+” symbol: Calibri bold 12 pt, white, aligned on a single row.
Energy efficiency class
- Arrow: width: 20 mm, height: 10 mm, 100% black;
- Text: Calibri bold 24 pt, capitals and white; “+” symbol: Calibri bold 18 pt, white, aligned on a single row.
Energy consumption per cycle
- Border: 1.5 pt colour: cyan 100% round corners: 3 mm.
- Value: Calibri bold 19 pt, 100% black; and Calibri regular 10 pt, 100 % black.
Volume
- Border: 1.5 pt colour: cyan 100% round corners: 3 mm.
- Value: Calibri bold 20 pt, 100% black; and Calibri regular 10 pt, 100 % black.
Asterisk: Calibri regular 6 pt, 100% black.
Numbering of the Regulation: Calibri bold 10 pt, 100% black
Supplier's name or trademark
Supplier's model identifier
The suppliers' name or trade mark and model identifier should fit in a space of 70 x 13 mm.
1.2. Domestic gas ovens
1.2.1 Label presentation for each cavity of a domestic gas oven
I, II III IV V, VI |
[N.B.: Numbering of the Regulation to be added on the label before publication in the OJ]
1.2.2 Label information
The following information shall be included in the label:
I Suppliers name or trade mark;
II Suppliers model identifier, where model identifier means the code, usually alphanumeric, which distinguishes a specific domestic oven model from other models with the same trade mark or suppliers name;
III Energy source of the domestic oven;
IV The energy efficiency class of the cavity determined in accordance with Annex I. The head of the arrow containing the indicator letter shall be placed at the same height as the head of the arrow of the relevant energy efficiency class;
V. Usable volume of the cavity in litres, rounded to the nearest integer;
VI. Energy consumption per cycle expressed in MJ/cycle and in kWh/cycle20 (gas consumption) for the heating function(s) (conventional and/or the forced air convection) of the cavity based on standard load determined in accordance with the test procedures, rounded to the second decimal place (ECgas cavity).
1.2.3 Label design domestic gas ovens
The design of the label for each cavity of a domestic gas oven shall be as in the following figure:
[N.B.: Numbering of the Regulation to be added on the label before publication in the OJ]
Whereby:
(i) The label shall be at least 85 mm wide and 170 mm high. Where the label is printed in a larger format, its content shall nevertheless remain proportionate to the specifications above.
(ii) The background shall be white.
(iii) Colours shall be CMYK cyan, magenta, yellow and black, following this example: 00-70-X-00: 0 % cyan, 70 % magenta, 100 % yellow, 0 % black.
(iv) The label shall fulfil all of the following requirements (numbers refer to the figure above):
Border stroke: 4 pt colour: cyan 100% round corners: 3 mm.
EU logo colours: X-80-00-00 and 00-00-X-00.
Energy logo: colour: X-00-00-00;
pictogram as depicted: EU logo + energy label: width: 70 mm,
height: 14 mm.
Sub-logos border: 1.5 pt colour: cyan 100% length: 70 mm.
Scale of energy classes
- Arrow: height: 5.5 mm, gap: 1 mm colours:
Highest class: X-00-X-00;
Second class: 70-00-X-00;
Third class: 30-00-X-00;
Fourth class: 00-00-X-00;
Fifth class: 00-30-X-00;
Sixth class: 00-70-X-00;
Last class: 00-X-X-00;
- Text: Calibri bold 18 pt, capitals and white; “+” symbol: Calibri bold 12 pt, white, aligned on a single row.
Energy efficiency class
- Arrow: width: 20 mm, height: 10 mm, 100% black;
- Text: Calibri bold 24 pt, capitals and white; “+” symbol: Calibri bold 18 pt, white, aligned on a single row.
Energy consumption per cycle
- Border: 1.5 pt colour: cyan 100% round corners: 3 mm.
- Value: Calibri bold 19 pt, 100% black; and Calibri regular 10 pt, 100 % black.
Volume
- Border: 1.5 pt colour: cyan 100% round corners: 3 mm.
- Value: Calibri bold 20 pt, 100% black; and Calibri regular 10 pt, 100 % black.
Asterisk: Calibri regular 6 pt, 100% black.
Numbering of the Regulation: Calibri bold 10 pt, 100% black
Supplier's name or trademark
Supplier's model identifier
The suppliers' name or trade mark and model identifier should fit in a space of 70 x 13 mm.
2. Label for domestic range hoods
2.1 Label formats
2.1.1 Domestic range hoods in energy efficiency classes A to G
I, II III IV V, VI, VII, VIII |
[N.B.: Numbering of the Regulation to be added on the label before publication in the OJ]
2.1.2 Domestic range hoods in energy efficiency classes A+ to F
I, II III IV V, VI, VII, VIII |
[N.B.: Numbering of the Regulation to be added on the label before publication in the OJ]
2.1.3 Domestic range hoods in energy efficiency classes A++ to E
I, II III IV V, VI, VII, VIII |
[N.B.: Numbering of the Regulation to be added on the label before publication in the OJ]
2.1.4 Domestic range hoods in energy efficiency classes A+++ to D
I, II III IV V, VI, VII, VIII |
[N.B.: Numbering of the Regulation to be added on the label before publication in the OJ]
2.2 Label information domestic range hoods
The following information shall be included in the label:
I. Suppliers name or trade mark;
II. Suppliers model identifier, where model identifier means the code, usually alphanumeric, which distinguishes a specific domestic range hood model from other models with the same trade mark or suppliers name;
III. The energy efficiency class of the domestic range hood, determined in accordance with Annex I. The head of the arrow containing the energy efficiency class of the domestic range hood shall be placed at the same height as the head of the arrow of the relevant energy efficiency class;
IV. Annual energy consumption (AEChood) calculated in accordance with Annex II, in kWh rounded to the nearest integer;
V. The Fluid Dynamic Efficiency class determined in accordance with Annex I;
VI. The Lighting Efficiency class determined in accordance with Annex I;
VII. The Grease Filtering Efficiency class determined in accordance with Annex I;
VIII. The Noise Value, determined in accordance with Annex II.2.e, rounded to the nearest integer.
2.3 Label design domestic range hoods
The design of the label shall be as in the following figure:
[N.B.: Numbering of the Regulation to be added on the label before publication in the OJ]
Whereby:
(i) The label shall be at least 60 mm wide and 120 mm high. Where the label is printed in a larger format, its content shall nevertheless remain proportionate to the specifications above.
(ii) The background shall be white.
(iii) Colours shall be CMYK cyan, magenta, yellow and black, following this example: 00-70-X-00: 0 % cyan, 70 % magenta, 100 % yellow, 0 % black.
(iv) The label shall fulfil all of the following requirements (numbers refer to the figure above):
Border stroke: 3 pt colour: Cyan 100% round corners: 2 mm.
EU logo: colours: X-80-00-00 and 00-00-X-00.
Energy logo: colour: X-00-00-00. Pictogram as depicted: EU logo + energy label: width: 51 mm, height: 10 mm.
Sub-logos border: 1 pt colour: Cyan 100% length: 51 mm.
Scale of energy classes
- Arrow: height: 4 mm, gap: 0.75 mm colours:
Highest class: X-00-X-00;
Second class: 70-00-X-00;
Third class: 30-00-X-00;
Fourth class: 00-00-X-00;
Fifth class: 00-30-X-00;
Sixth class: 00-70-X-00;
Last class: 00-X-X-00;
- Text: Calibri bold 10 pt, capitals and white; “+” symbol: Calibri bold 7 pt, white, aligned on a single row.
Energy efficiency class
- Arrow: width: 15 mm, height: 8 mm, 100% black;
- Text: Calibri bold 17 pt, capitals and white; “+” symbol: Calibri bold 12 pt, white, aligned on a single row.
Annual energy consumption
- Border: 1 pt colour: cyan 100% round corners: 2.5 mm.
- Value: Calibri bold 21 pt, 100% black; and Calibri regular 8 pt, 100 % black.
Fluid Dynamic Efficiency
- Pictogram as depicted
- Border: 1 pt colour: cyan 100% round corners: 2.5 mm.
- Value: Calibri regular 6 pt, 100% black; and Calibri bold 11.5 pt, 100% black.
Lighting Efficiency
- Pictogram as depicted
- Border: 1 pt colour: cyan 100% round corners: 2.5 mm.
- Value: Calibri regular 6 pt, 100% black; and Calibri bold 11.5 pt, 100% black.
Grease Filtering Efficiency
- Pictogram as depicted
- Border: 1 pt colour: cyan 100% round corners: 2.5 mm.
- Value: Calibri regular 10 pt, 100% black; and Calibri bold 14 pt, 100% black.
Noise level
- Pictogram as depicted
- Border: 1 pt colour: cyan 100% round corners: 2.5 mm.
- Value: Calibri regular 6 pt, 100% black; and Calibri bold 11.5 pt, 100% black.
Numbering of the Regulation: Calibri bold 8 pt, 100% black
Supplier's name or trademark
Supplier's model identifier
The suppliers' name or trade mark and model identifier should fit in a space of 51 x 9 mm.
ANNEX IV
Fiche
A. Fiche for domestic ovens
The information in the product fiche of the domestic ovens referred to in Article 3(1)(a)(ii) shall be given in the order specified below, or given in the description of the appliance. The following notes define the information to be included in the fiche of the domestic oven:
a) supplier's name or trade mark;
b) supplier's model identifier which means the code, usually alphanumeric, which distinguishes a specific ventilation appliance model from other models with the same trade mark or suppliers name and with different declared values for any of the parameters included in the label for the domestic oven (Annex III, point 1);
c) the energy efficiency index (EEIcavity) for each cavity of the model calculated in accordance with Annex II point 1 and rounded to the first decimal place; the declared energy efficiency index shall not exceed the index reported in the technical documentation in Annex V;
d) the energy efficiency class of the model for each cavity as defined in Annex I, Table 1; the declared class shall not be better than the class reported in the technical documentation in Annex V;
e) the energy consumption per cycle for each cavity if available in conventional mode and in fan-forced convection mode (the measured energy consumption shall be expressed in kWh (electric and gas ovens) and in MJ (gas ovens), rounded to two decimal place; the declared value shall not be lower than the value reported in the technical documentation in Annex V;
f) the number of cavities; the heat source(s) per cavity; and the volume of each cavity;
Without prejudice to any requirements under the Community eco-label scheme, where a model has been granted a European Union eco-label under the Regulation (EC) No 66/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 November 2009, a copy of the eco-label may be added.
One fiche may cover a number of appliance models supplied by the same supplier.
The information contained in the fiche may be given in the form of a copy of the label of each cavity (either in colour or in black and white). Where this is the case, the information listed in point 1, not already displayed on the label, shall also be provided.
B. Fiche for domestic range hoods
The information in the product fiche of the domestic range hoods referred to in Article 3(1)(b)(ii) shall be given in the order specified below, or given in the description of the appliance. The following notes define the information to be included in the fiche of the domestic range hood:
a) supplier's name or trade mark;
b) supplier's model identifier which means the code, usually alphanumeric, which distinguishes a specific ventilation appliance model from other models with the same trade mark or suppliers name and with different declared values for any of the parameters included in the label for the domestic range hood (Annex III, point 2);
c) the Annual Energy Consumption (AEChood) calculated according to Annex II point 2, in kWh/a and rounded to the first decimal place; the declared value shall not be lower than the value reported in the technical documentation in Annex V;
d) the Energy Efficiency class, as defined in Annex I, Table 2; the declared class shall not be better than the class reported in the technical documentation in Annex V;
e) the Fluid Dynamic Efficiency (FDEhood) calculated according to Annex II point 2, rounded to the first decimal place; the declared value shall not be higher than the value reported in the technical documentation in Annex V;
f) the Fluid Dynamic Efficiency class, as defined in Annex I, Table 3; the declared class shall not be better than the class reported in the technical documentation in Annex V;
g) the Lighting Efficiency (LEhood) calculated according to Annex II point 2, in lux/Watt and rounded to the first decimal place; the declared value shall not be higher than the value reported in the technical documentation in Annex V;
h) the Lighting Efficiency class, as defined in Annex I, Table 4; the declared class shall not be better than the class reported in the technical documentation in Annex V;
i) the Grease Filtering Efficiency calculated according to Annex II point 2, in percentage and rounded to the first decimal place; the declared value shall not be higher than the value reported in the technical documentation in Annex V;
j) the Grease Filtering Efficiency class, as defined in Annex I, Table 5; the declared class shall not be better than the class reported in the technical documentation in Annex V;
k) the air flow (in m3/h, and rounded to the nearest integer), at minimum and maximum speed in normal use, intensive or boost excluded; the declared values shall not be higher than the values reported in the technical documentation in Annex V;
l) if available, the air flow (in m3/h and rounded to the nearest integer), at intensive or boost setting; the declared value shall not be higher than the values reported in the technical documentation in Annex V;
m) the airborne acoustical A-weighted sound power emissions (in dB rounded to the nearest integer), at minimum and maximum speed available in normal use; the declared value shall not be lower than the value reported in the technical documentation in Annex V;
n) if available, the airborne acoustical A-weighted sound power emissions (in dB rounded to the nearest integer), at intensive or boost setting; the declared value shall not be lower than the value reported in the technical documentation in Annex V;
o) if applicable, the power consumption in off mode, (Po), in Watt and rounded to the second decimal place; the declared values shall not be lower than the values reported in the technical documentation in Annex V;
p) if applicable, the power consumption in standby mode, (Ps), in Watt and rounded to the second decimal place; the declared values shall not be lower than the values reported in the technical documentation in Annex V.
One fiche may cover a number of models supplied by the same supplier.
The information contained in the fiche may be given in the form of a copy of the label (either in colour or in black and white). Where this is the case, the information listed in point 1, not already displayed on the label, shall also be provided.
ANNEX V
Technical documentation
A. Technical documentation for domestic ovens
The technical documentation referred to in Article 3(1)(a)(iii) shall include at minimum:
a) the name and address of the supplier;
b) a general description of the appliance model, sufficient for it to be unequivocally and easily identified, including the supplier's model identifier (i.e. the code, usually alphanumeric) which distinguishes a specific ventilation appliance model from other models with the same trade mark or suppliers name and with different declared values for any of the parameters included in the label for the domestic oven (Annex III, point 1); the general description shall include the following information:
1) the number of cavities;
2) the volume of each cavity;
3) the heat source(s) per cavity;
4) the heating function(s) (conventional and/or the forced air convection) per cavity;
5) the energy consumption per cycle for each cavity if available in conventional mode and in fan-forced convection mode; the measured energy consumption shall be expressed in kWh (electric and gas ovens) and in MJ (gas ovens), rounded to two decimal places;
6) the energy efficiency index (EEIcavity) for each cavity of the domestic oven calculated in accordance with Annex II point 1 and rounded to the first decimal place;
7) the energy efficiency class for each cavity of the domestic oven as defined in Annex I, Table 1;
8) a copy of the calculation;
c) where appropriate, the references of the harmonised standards applied;
d) where appropriate, the other technical standards and specifications used;
e) identification and signature of the person empowered to bind the supplier.
Suppliers may include additional information at the end of the above list.
B. Technical documentation for domestic range hoods
The technical documentation referred to in Article 3(1)(b)(iii) shall include at minimum:
a) the name and address of the supplier;
b) a general description of the appliance model, sufficient for it to be unequivocally and easily identified, including the supplier's model identifier (i.e. the code, usually alphanumeric) which distinguishes a specific ventilation appliance model from other models with the same trade mark or suppliers name and with different declared values for any of the parameters included in the label for the domestic range hood (Annex III, point 2); the general description shall include the following information:
1) the Energy Efficiency Index (EEIhood) calculated in accordance with Annex II point 2 and rounded to the first decimal place;
2) the Energy Efficiency class, as defined in Annex I, Table 2;
3) the Annual Energy Consumption (AEChood) calculated in accordance with Annex II point 2, in kWh/a and rounded to the first decimal place;
4) the time increase factor (f), in accordance with Annex II point 2, rounded to the first decimal place;
5) the Fluid Dynamic Efficiency (FDEhood) calculated according to Annex II point 2, rounded to the first decimal place;
6) the Fluid Dynamic Efficiency class, as defined in Annex I, Table 3;
7) the measured flow rate of the domestic range hood at the best efficiency point (QBEP), in m3/h and rounded to the nearest integer;
8) the measured value of the static pressure difference of the domestic range hood at the best efficiency point (PBEP), in Pa and rounded to the nearest integer;
9) the measured value of the electric power input of the domestic range hood at the best efficiency point (WBEP), in Watt and rounded to the first decimal place;
10) the average illumination of the lighting system on the cooking surface (Emiddle), in lux and rounded to the nearest integer;
11) the nominal power consumption of the lighting system on the cooking surface (WL), in Watt and rounded to the first decimal place;
12) the measured value of the Lighting Efficiency (LEhood) calculated according to Annex II point 2, in lux/Watt and rounded to the nearest integer;
13) the Lighting Efficiency class, as defined in Annex I, Table 4;
14) the measured value of the Grease Filtering Efficiency (GFEhood) calculated according to Annex II point 2, rounded to the first decimal place;
15) the Grease Filtering Efficiency class, as defined in Annex I, Table 5;
16) if applicable the power consumption in off mode, (Po), in Watt and rounded to the second decimal place;
17) if applicable the power consumption in standby mode (Ps), in Watt and rounded to the second decimal place;
18) the airborne acoustical A-weighted sound power emissions at minimum and maximum speed available in normal use, in dB rounded to the nearest integer;
19) if present, the airborne acoustical A-weighted sound power emissions at intensive or boost setting, in dB and rounded to the nearest integer;
20) the air flow values of the domestic range hood at minimum and maximum speed available in normal use, in m3/h and rounded to the nearest integer;
21) if present, the air flow value of the domestic range hood at intensive or boost setting, in m3/h and rounded to the nearest integer;
22) a copy of the calculations.
c) where appropriate, the references of the harmonised standards applied;
d) where appropriate, the other technical standards and specifications used;
e) identification and signature of the person empowered to bind the supplier;
f) test parameters for measurements:
Suppliers may include additional information at the end of the above list.
ANNEX VI
Information to be provided where end-users cannot be expected to see the product displayed
A. Domestic ovens
The information referred to in Article 4(1)(b) shall be provided in the following order:
a) supplier's name or trade mark;
b) supplier's model identifier, i.e. the model identifier of the indoor and of the outdoor elements of the combination to which the figures quoted below apply;
c) the energy efficiency class of the model for each cavity as defined in Annex I, Table 1;
d) the energy consumption per cycle for each cavity if available in conventional mode and in fan-forced convection mode; the measured energy consumption shall be expressed in kWh (electric and gas ovens) and in MJ (gas ovens), rounded to two decimal places;
e) the number of cavities; the heat source(s) per cavity; the volume of each cavity.
Where other information contained in the product information fiche is also provided, it shall be in the form and order specified in Annex IV.
The size and font in which all the information referred in this Annex is printed or shown, shall be legible.
B. Domestic range hoods
The information referred to in Article 4(2)(b) shall be provided in the following order:
a) supplier's name or trade mark;
b) supplier's model identifier, i.e. the model identifier of the indoor and of the outdoor elements of the combination to which the figures quoted below apply;
c) the energy efficiency class of the model as defined in Annex I, Table 2;
d) the annual energy consumption of the model in kWh, as defined in Annex II, point 2(1);
e) the fluid dynamic efficiency class of the model as defined in Annex I, Table 3;
f) the lighting efficiency class of the model as defined in Annex I, Table 4;
g) the grease filtering efficiency class of the model as defined in Annex I, Table 5;
h) the airborne acoustical A-weighted sound power emissions (weighted average value - LWA) of a domestic range hood at minimum and maximum speed available in normal use, in dB rounded to the nearest integer.
2. Where other information contained in the product information fiche is also provided, it shall be in the form and order specified in Annex IV.
3. The size and font in which all the information referred in this Annex is printed or shown ,shall be legible.
ANNEX VII
Verification procedure for market surveillance purposes
For the purposes of assessing conformity with the requirements laid down in Articles 3 and 4, the authorities of the Member States shall apply the following verification procedure:
The Member State authorities shall test one single unit per model.
The model shall be considered to comply with the applicable requirements if the values and classes on the label and in the product fiche correspond to the values in the technical documentation and if testing of the relevant model parameters listed in Table 6 shows compliance for all of those parameters.
If the result referred to in point 2 is not achieved, the Member State authorities shall randomly select three additional units of the same model for testing. As an alternative, the three additional units selected may be of one or more different models which have been listed as equivalent product in the manufacturer's technical documentation.
The model shall be considered to comply with the applicable requirements if testing of the relevant model parameters listed in Table 4 shows compliance for all of those parameters.
If the results referred to in point 4 are not achieved, the model and all equivalent models shall be considered not to comply with this Regulation.
Member State authorities shall use the measurement and calculation methods set out in Annex II.
The verification tolerances defined in this Annex relate only to the verification of the measured parameters by Member State authorities and shall not be used by the supplier as an allowed tolerance to establish the values in the technical documentation. The values and classes on the label or in the product fiche shall not be more favourable for the supplier than the values reported in the technical documentation.
Table 6: Verification tolerances |
|
Measured parameters |
Verification tolerances |
Mass of the oven (M) |
The determined value(*) shall not exceed the declared value of M by more than 5%. |
Volume of the cavity of the oven (V) |
The determined value(*) shall not exceed the declared value of V by more than 5%. |
EEIcavity, ECelectric cavity, ECgas cavity |
The determined value(*) shall not exceed the declared value of EEIcavity, ECelectric cavity, ECgas cavity by more than 5 %. |
EEIhood, AEChood, WBEP, WL, Po, Ps |
The determined value(*) shall not exceed the declared value of EEIhood, AEChood, WBEP, WL, Po, Ps by more than 5 %. |
FDEhood, QBEP, PBEP |
The determined value(*) shall not be lower than the declared value of FDEhood, QBEP, PBEP by more than 5%. |
Qmax |
The determined value(*) shall not exceed the declared value of Qmax by more than 8 %. |
LEhood, Emiddle |
The determined value(*) shall not be lower than the declared value of LEhood, Emiddle by more than 5%. |
GFEhood |
The determined value(*) shall not be lower than the declared value of GFEhood by more than 5%. |
Sound power level LWA |
The determined value(*) shall not exceed the declared value. |
(*) The arithmetic average of the values determined in the case of three additional units tested as prescribed in point 3.
1 i.e 8.6 Mtoe (primary energy consumption) equivalent to around 45 TWh final energy consumption.
2 OJ L 128, 15.5.2002, p. 45.
3 OJ L 285, 31.10.2009, p. 10.
4 i.e. 0.6 Mtoe/a (primary energy consumption), equivalent to a reduction of 3.1 TWh of final energy consumption.
5 i.e. 1.4 Mtoe/a (primary energy consumption), equivalent to a reduction of 7.0 TWh of final energy consumption.
6 OJ L 128, 15.5.2002, p. 45.
7 OJ L 90, 6.4.2011, p. 8.
8 OJ L 339, 18.12.2008, p. 45.
9 OJ L 37, 13.2.2003, p. 24.
10 OJ L 174, 1.7.2011, p. 88.
11 OJ L 374, 27.12.2006, p. 10.
12 OJ L 157, 9.6.2006, p. 24.
13 OJ L 390, 31.12.2004, p. 24.
14 OJ L 153, 18.6.2010, p. 1.
15 OJ L 285, 31.10.2009, p. 10.
16 OJ L 153, 18.6.2010, p. 1.
17 OJ L 128, 15.5.2002, p. 45;
18 OJ L 217, 5.8.1998, p. 18.
19 Directive 2004/108/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 2004 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility and repealing Directive 89/336/EEC, OJ L 390, 31.12.2004, p.24
20 1 kWh/cycle = 3.6 MJ/cycle