Employed v працювати самостійно; працювати не за наймом work freelnce

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1Text: Employment

 

Terms to remember:

employment		зайнятість, робота за наймом; надання роботи
reflect (v)		відображувати
be self-employed (v)		працювати самостійно; працювати не за наймом
work freelance (v)		працювати не за наймом; бути вільним художником
businesspeople		ділові люди
flexible		гнучкий
employer		наймач, роботодавець
entrepreneur		підприємець
fixed-term contract		строковий контракт
part-time worker		робітник, який зайнятий неповний робочий день
permanent job		постійна робота
temporary job		тимчасова робота
administration		управління, керування (справа-ми); адміністрація, керівництво
reject (v)		відхиляти
Human resources (HR)		персонал, людські ресурси
Human Resources department		відділ кадрів
recruitment		набір (кадрів); надання роботи
staff appraisal		оцінка роботи персоналу
welfare		соціальне забезпечення; допомога з соціального забезпечення
pension		пенсія
ensure (v)		забезпечувати, гарантувати
available		наявний, доступний
meet the needs (v)		задовольняти потреби
team		бригада, група, команда
job rotation		зміна робіт; ротація робочих завдань
job security		гарантія роботи, стабільність роботи, гарантія зайнятості, забезпечення роботою

Employment

Work plays a major part in most people’s lives. People of all sorts work in business, and the terms businessman and businesswoman reflect this, referring to a wide range of individuals, from the rich and famous to small company owners, from people in large organizations to those who work for themselves.

Businessmen and women are referred to together as businesspeople.

Many people choose to be self-employed (to have their own business) or to work freelance for several employers.

An entrepreneur is someone who starts their own company.

As the labour market becomes more flexible, many employers respond by increasing the number of fixed-term contracts and part-time workers. We can also speak about permanent or temporary job.

In large organizations, administration of people is done by the personnel department, although this expression is now sometimes rejected. Companies talk instead about their human resources or HR.

The Human Resources department of a company is responsible for planning, recruitment of new people, staff training and development, staff appraisal, welfare, pensions administration and industrial relations. It works to ensure that the right people are available to meet the company’s needs.

Some companies move their workers regularly between teams or departments. This is called job rotation. Job security is knowing or feeling that a job will last for a long time.

Exercises in Word Study

Ex.1. Give the English for:

зайнятість, ділова жінка, власник компанії, відділ кадрів, відповідати за планування, набір нових кадрів, підготовка кадрів, соціальне забезпечення, задовольняти потреби компанії, бригада, зміна робіт, гарантія роботи, строковий контракт, роботодавець, оцінкa роботи, працювати не за наймом, підприємець, постійна робота, тимчасова робота.

Ex2. Match words from list A with words from list B that have a similar meaning:

A	B
available rich famous businessman human resources department be responsible for staff ensure staff appraisal last fixed-term contract	continue business person personnel department be in charge of performance appraisal wealthy renowned make sure terminal contract personnel obtainable

Ex.3. Find suitable opposites to the following words and phrases:

employment, rich, full-time worker, employee, famous, regularly.

Ex.4. The following sentences could be used to describe jobs. Find sentences:

1.  that describe a positive aspect to a job;
   1.  that describe a negative aspect to a job;
   2.  that could be either positive or negative.

•  It's a temporary job.
•  It's a permanent job.
•  It's well-paid.
•  It's badly-paid.
•  You work full-time.
•  You work part-time.
•  It's dull.
•  It's tiring.
•  It's demanding.
•  It's stressful.
•  It's stimulating.
•  You have to clock in and clock out every day.
•  You have to work in shifts.
•  There are a lot of opportunities.
•  There's a lot of job rotation.
•  There's a lot of job satisfaction.
•  You need to be talented.
•  You need special training and qualifications.

Text: Human Resources: the people

 

Terms to remember:

skills		навички
job title		назва посади
define (v)		визначати
personal assistant		секретар-референт
authority		керівництво, влада; повноваження
executive (exec)		керівник, адміністратор, службовець; виконавець
supervisor		інспектор; керівник персоналу (на підприємстві); контролер; керівник нижчої ланки
workforce		робоча сила; кадри, штатні працівники
on the payroll		в штатному складі (підприємства)
payroll		платіжна відомість
monthly-paid staff		персонал, який отримує заробітну платню щомісячно
weekly-paid staff		персонал, який отримує заробітну платню щотижнево
hourly-paid staff		персонал, який отримує заробітну платню погодинно
white-collar worker		службовець; білий комірець (працівник, зайнятий інтелектуальною працею)
manual worker		робітник фізичної праці
blue-collar worker		робітник; блакитний комірець (працівник, зайнятий фізичною працею)
colleague/co-worker		колега, співробітник

Human Resources: the people

“Human Resources” means people, plus the skills and experience they bring to an organization. Job titles such as “Accounts Manager” or “Personal Assistant” define what people do.

An employer is a person or company that provides job. Boss is an informal word meaning “someone in authority”, for example an employer or owner of a company, or simply someone in a superior position.

The person who runs a specific part of an organization is called a manager. An executive or, informally, an exec is usually a manager at quite a high level. People at the head of an organization, as it was already mentioned, are senior executives, top executives or top managers. Someone who is in charge of making sure a job is well done e.g. on the factory floor, or in retailing, is sometimes called a supervisor.

People working for a company are referred to as its workforce, employees, staff or personnel and are on its payroll.

Payroll is the list of all the people employed by a company, and the amount of money paid to each of them. The payroll is usually divided into monthly-paid staff, weekly-paid staff and hourly-paid staff.

Professionals or people who perform various office jobs are white-collar workers, while manual workers in factories, on building sites, etc. are called blue-collar workers. Someone who works with you in your job is a colleague (sometimes called a co-worker).

Exercises in Word Study

Ex.1. Give the English for:

людські ресурси; навички та досвід; роботодавець; керівник; службовець (2); платіжна відомість; персонал, який отримує заробітну платню щомісячно/щотижнево/погодинно; робітник; колега; керівництво.

Ex.2. Match words from list A with words from list B that have a similar meaning:

A	B
specific manual provide workforce colleague define authority owner	give co-worker definite physical possessor personnel specify power

Ex.3. Find suitable opposites to the following words and phrases:

employee, blue-collar worker, general, inferior, junior, formal.

Ex.4. Look at the words and phrases in the box. Match them with the correct definition from the list below:

1.  a person who works for another person, business or government;
2.  a person who is employed to control, organize and direct part or all of a business or organization;
3.  (informal) a person who is responsible for the work of a company, a department or at least one other person;
4.  a person with authority who watches others work to make sure a job is done properly;
5.  a list of all the people employed by a company, and the amount of money paid to each of them;
6.  the (official) power to give orders, make decisions, etc.;
7.  a person that you work with in a profession or business;
8.  an employee who does unskilled work, usually in a factory;
9.  a person who works in an office;
10.  all the employees in an office or factory;
11.  a manager in a company who has the power to spend money, hire and fire employees.

Ex.5. Write the appropriate word or phrase in the following spaces. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.

1.  The new salary structure only affects … .
2.  Health and safety regulations state that all … must wear a uniform.
3.  Many of his … are more qualified than he is.
4.  The … has been reduced by half in the last five years.
5.  If you have any problems please talk to your … .
6.  She has been on the … for nearly 20 years.
7.  I have no … to change decisions taken by management.
8.  She has excellent advertising … .
9.  She is an … with a bank.
10.  The company has over 1000 people on its … .

Text: Interviewing

Terms to remember:

interviewee		особа, яка дає інтерв’ю; запрошений на співбесіду
interviewer		інтерв’юер
reference		рекомендація
accept the job offer		приймати пропозицію про роботу
turn down the job offer		відхиляти пропозицію про роботу
appoint (v)		призначати, затверджувати    (на посаду)
sign (v)		підписувати
employment contract		трудовий контракт
working conditions		умови праці
salary		заробітна платня
in advance		заздалегідь
research (v)		вивчати, досліджувати
implement (v)		виконувати, здійснювати
relocate (v)		переміщати, переселяти
training course		курс навчання
strengths		сильні сторони
weakness		недолік, уразливе місце

Interviewing

An interview is a formal meeting between a candidate and people from the company. In this situation, the candidate is the interviewee and the representatives of the company are the interviewers. After an interview, the interviewers will follow up the references of promising candidates. To do this they ask for a letter about the candidate from a previous employer (or a tutor, in the case of a recent graduate). Once this process has been completed, the interviewers need to select the best candidate for the job and offer him or her the post. The candidate will then accept, or turn down the job offer.

When the person has been officially appointed (given the job), an employment contract is signed, agreeing the working conditions and salary.

If you are an interviewee you should do the following in advance:

•  research the organization
•  read the job description carefully
•  think about the questions you may be asked, and plan your responses
•  be ready to talk about your career, both past and future
•  be prepared to explain why you think you are suitable for the job

Below are some questions that are frequently asked in job interviews:

•  Why do you seek a job with this company?
•  What information do you have about our company?
•  What do you think you can bring to this job?
•  What changes would you implement if you got this job?
•  How would you feel about relocating to another city (working in a very small team? training courses?)
•  Could you tell us something about your responsibilities in your last job? (about your experience of dealing with difficult client? about your long term goals?)
•  What would you say are your strengths/weaknesses?
•  What do you see yourself doing in 5 years?
•  How do you see yourself developing personally?

Exercises in Word Study

Ex.1. Give the English for:

офіційна зустріч; особа, яка дає інтерв’ю; представники компанії; рекомендації; перспективний кандидат; відібрати кращих кандидатів; запропонувати посаду; прийняти/відхилити пропозицію про роботу; підписати трудовий контракт; узгодити умови праці та заробітну платню; кар’єра; досвід спілкування з "важким" клієнтом; довгострокові цілі; роботодавець.

Ex.2. Match words from list A with words from list B that have a similar meaning:

A	B
formal turn down appoint conditions salary carefully response relocate implement responsibility	duty put into action move to a new place answer attentively payment terms designate reject official

Ex.3. Find suitable opposites to the following words and phrases:

interviewee, formal, to accept, to dismiss, strengths, inattentively.

Ex.4. Look at the words and phrases in the box. Match them with the correct definition from the list below:

1.  a meeting at which a person applying for a job, is asked questions about his/her work, experience, interests to see if he/she is suitable;
2.  a person who is interviewed, esp. for a job;
3.  a person who carries out an interview;
4.  a written report on a job applicant’s character or ability to do the job;
5.  a legal agreement made between an employer and an employee, giving details of salary, hours of work, holidays, etc;
6.  a regular fixed payment for work or services;
7.  a person offering to take up a post or job.

Ex.5. Write the appropriate word or phrase in the following spaces. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.

1.  The … will last for about 40 minutes.
2.  Have you … the job offer?
3.  Why did you … the job offer in that prosperous firm?
4.  In her early twenties, she was … head of Public Relations.
5.  The … asked him some awkward questions.
6.  The starting … is € 15 000 per year.
7.  The Personnel Manager went through … with each new employee to make sure that it was fully understood before signing.
8.  My former boss said that I could use him as a ….
9.  She was … to the post of sales director.
10.  Finance is not one of her … .

Authority, executive, skills, payroll (2), supervisor, workforce, colleagues, blue-collar workers, white-collar workers.

Strengths, reference, the contract of employment, salary, interviewer, appointed (2), turn down, accepted, interview.

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