Th course to preprtion for module Mcrophges were found surrounded by foreign erythrocytes t smer microscopy of the exudte obtined from rts with septic peritonitis with the ddit

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Bank of tests from “Clinical Immunology”

(specialty “Dentistry” 5-th course)

to preparation for module

Macrophages were found, surrounded by foreign erythrocytes, at smear microscopy of the exudate, obtained from rats with aseptic peritonitis, with the addition in exudate of bird erythrocytes. What stage of phagocytosis was described?

A. Approximation.
B. Sticking.
C. Immersion.
D. Intracellular digestion.
E. Incomplete phagocytosis.

Young man 20 years old injured right testicle. What is the danger for the left (healthy) testicle at 2-3 weeks after the injury?

A. The development of infectious process.
B. The development of atrophy.
C. The development of hypertrophy.
D. Uncovering of the antigen and development of damage by antibodies.
E. It does not threaten by anything.

Synthesis of “acute phase” proteins begins in the body at inflammatory processes. What substances are stimulants of their synthesis?

A. Interleukin-1.
B. Immunoglobulins.
C. Interferons.
D. Biogenic amines.
E. Angiotensin.

The patient D., 32 years old, has festering wound in the lower third of the forearm. A smear of pus from wound was made for patient. Which cells are mainly found in the smear colored by Romanovsky-Himza?

A. Erythrocytes.

B. Eosinophils.

C. Lymphocytes.

D. Neutrophils.

E. Basophils.

Thymus gland has been removed from newborn rats in the experiment. It caused a disease characterized by a sharp decreasing of lymphocyte level in blood, the development of infections, splenomegaly, stopping of growth and lethal outcome. What dysfunction of the immune system is this?

A. Lack of T-lymphocytes.
B. Lack of B-lymphocytes.
C. Overactivity of T-lymphocytes.
D. Overactivity of B lymphocytes.
E. Combined defect of T-and B-lymphocytes.

Body temperature, the content of antibodies and white blood cells increased while modeling an inflammation of the lower extremity in the animal. What substance caused the development of these general reactions in inflammation?

A. Somatomedin.
B. Glucocorticoids.
C. Mineralocorticoids.
D. Biogenic amines.
E. Interleukin.

The woman, 23 years old, hospitalised with diagnosis "pneumonia." She got ill acutely 2 days ago. She got fever to 39°C, fatigue, dry cough. Which of these inflammatory mediators has the properties of endogenous pyrogen?

A. Histamine.
B. Serotonin.
C. Bradykinin.
D. Interleukin-1.
E. Thromboxane A2.

20-year-old girl suffers from intestinal polyposis. She had frequent fungal and viral diseases in anamnesis. What link of immune system is most likely affected in this case?

A. Phagocytes.
B. B-lymphocytes.
C. Natural killers.
D. Complement.
E. T-lymphocytes.

What change in blood test most likely indicates the presence of inflammation in the body?

A. The increased number of reticulocytes.

B. The increased number of neutrophilic leukocytes.

C. The increased number of platelets.

D. The increased number of basophilic leukocytes.

E. The decreased number of monocytes.

During the medical examination of 19 old worker was discovered generalized swollen lymph nodes with primary lesion the posterior neck, elbow and axilla. On the skin of ulnar bends  - multiple traces of injections. use drug denies, traces of injections explains the treatment of influenza. In the blood: er. - 3.2 * 1012 g / l, Hb - 100 g / l, leukocytes - 3.1 * 109 / l, moderate lymphopenia. What kind of research should be done first?

1.  Sternal puncture.
2.  Immunological research.
3.  Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for HIV.
4.  Roentgenography of the lungs.
5.  Lymph node biopsy.

In the baby with the sluggish progress of pneumonia for two months was found the hypoplasia of retrosternal gland. What will be change in the immune response?

1.  Decrease the humoral and normal cellular immunity.
2.  Decrease of cellular immunity.
3.  Normal cellular response.
4.  Decrease of cellular and humoral immunity.
5.  Increase of cellular and humoral immunity.

After use of analgin, in the patient appeared hives, increased body temperature, in the blood - leukopenia. What type of hypersensitivity has evolved in the patient?

1.  IgE-mediated and cytotoxic.
2.  Immunocomplex.
3.  Immediate.
4.  Delayed.
5.  Cytotoxic.

  

The patient after walks outside the city  complaining of a sudden runny nose, itching in nose, sneezing, dark circles under the eyes. What are the antibodies react in this type of reaction?

A. Ig E, Ig M.  

В. Ig M, Ig G4. 

С. Ig E, Ig A.    

D. Ig A, Ig M.  

Е. Ig E, Ig G4.  

Girl, 6 years old, suffers from atopic bronchial asthma. Her grandpa has asthma also. Patient was made an immunological examination, indicators of certain classes of immunoglobulins were pathological. Raising of which class Ig in atopic form of asthma will be pathognomonic?

A. Ig A.

В. Ig M.  

С. Ig E.  

D. Ig D.  

Е. Ig G.

In the boy, 5 years old, recurrent furunculosis, in the mother and grandmother - periodontitis, brother was operated after appendicitis phlegmonous. Which are the most likely violation of immunity in a child?

1.  Of phagocytosis.
   1.  Of humoral link.
   2.  Of cellular link.
   3.  Selective deficiency IgA.
   4.  Deficiency of complement system.

Patient 18 years old, arrived with complaints of headache, weakness, fever, sore throat. OBJECTIVELY: enlarged lymph nodes of all groups, 1-3 cm in diameter, elastic, little painful, not soldered together. Hepatosplenomegaly. In the blood - leukocytosis, atypical mononuclear cells - 15%. Probable diagnosis?

1.  Angina.
2.  Diphtheria.
3.  Infectious mononucleosis .
4.  Acute lympholeukemia.
5.  Chronic myeloleukemia.

Patient R., 22 years old, turned to the hospital on the second day of illness with complaints of high fever, headache in the forehead area, pain during movements of the eyeballs, pain in muscles and joints. Objectively: T-39, 0 ° C. Hyperemia of the face, injection of scleras. The mucous membrane of the soft palate, posterior wall of pharynx is  hyperemic with dot hemorrhages, follicles are hypertrophied . What changes in hemogram typical for this disease?

1.  Leukocytosis.
2.  Neutrocytosis.
3.  Leukopenia.
4.  Accelerated ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate).
5.  Lymphocytosis.

The patient, 23 years, entered the department with the diagnosis: ulcerative-necrotic angina. From the side of internal organs pathology were detected. Before the admission independently was taken streptocide of 1.0 g 4 times a day.  In the blood: Leukocytes - 2.2 g / l, basophils-0%, eosinophils-1%,  band neutrophils-0%,segmented neutrophils-10%, lymphocytes-77%, monocytes-12%, ESR - 40 mm / hour. Probable diagnosis?

1.  Acute leukemia.
2.  Immuno-allergic agranulocytosis.
3.  Sepsis.
4.  Iso-immune neutropenia.
5.  Immuno-allergic granulocytosis.

To immunodeficiency with B-cell deficiency is belongs:

1.  Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome.
2.  Chronic granulomatosis.
3.  Bruton's disease.
4.  Di-George Syndrome.
5.  Nezelof's syndrome.

Among the primary immunodeficiencies the most common is next:

1.  Agammaglobulinemia.
2.  Hyper IgM syndrome.
3.  Insufficient of complement.
4.  Insufficient of secretory IgA.
5.  Syndrome of "naked" lymphocytes.

Deficiency of which cells is Bruton's disease:

1.  Macrophages.
2.  Neutrophils.
3.  B-cells.
4.  T-cells.
5.  Natural killers.

With which impaired in the system of protection is associated the chronic granulomatosis?

1.  Insufficient complement system.
2.  Violation functions neutrophils.
3.  Violation functions macrophages.
4.  Violation of B-cells.
5.  Violation of T-cells.

Clinical manifestations of common variable immunodeficiency isn't the following:

1.  Icterus.
2.  Herpetic damage.
3.  Diarrhea.
4.  Purulent sinusitis.
5.  Chronic purulent bronchitis.

To deficiency system of phagocytes is not belong :

A. Deficiency of the expression of adhesion molecules.

В. Chronic granulomatosis.  

С. Job's syndrome.  

D. Chediak-Higashi Syndrome.  

Е. Louis-Bar syndrome.

At the heart of Di-George syndrome is:

1.  Deficiency of humoral link of immunity.
2.  T-cell defect.
3.  Combined of T-and B-immunodeficiency.
4.  Deficiency of complement system.
5.  Deficiency of the system of phagocytosis.

Development of innate angioneurotic edema caused by inhibitor deficiency:

А. С3.

В. С5.

С. С8.

D. С6.

Е. С1.

Immune changes at AIDS resemble the following congenital immunodeficiencies:
A. Common variable immunodeficiency.
B. Severe combined immunodeficiency.
C. Bruton disease.
D. B-cell failure.
E. Lack of phagocytosis.

Epstein-Bar virus mainly affects:
A. Macrophages.
B. Leukocytes.
C. B-lymphocytes.
D. T-lymphocytes.
E. T-helpers I type.

AIDS affects mainly:
A. Macrophages.
B. Leukocytes.
C. B-lymphocytes.
D. Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.
E. T-helpers.

The causes of secondary immunodeficiencies are, except:
A. Diabetes.
B. Burn disease.
C. Rheumatoid arthritis.
D. Hypertension.
E. Frequent psychological and emotional overload.

At secondary immunodeficiency on the basis of diabetes occurs:
A. Allergy syndrome.
B. Imunoproliferative syndrome.
C. Autoimmune syndrome.
D. Infection syndrome.
E. Syndrome of "naked" lymphocytes.

Female, 35 years old, is being treated in the therapeutic department with diagnosis "pneumonia". Three courses of antibiotic therapy brought no result. Fever, systemic lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, infiltration of lung tissue, leukocytosis, weight loss are still keeping . Over the last two years, frequent viral infections, genital candidiasis, two months ago - pyelonephritis. Your preliminary diagnosis? Further tactics?

A. HIV infection. Appropriate additional examination, review by infectiologist.
B. Hemoblastosis. Sternal puncture, review by hematologist, to inform relatives.
C. Tuberculosis. Additional examination in the diagnostic department Phtisiatric and Pulmonologic Center.
D. Sarcoidosis. Additional examination in Pulmonological department.
E. Out-hospital pneumonia, a protracted course, induced secondary immunodeficiency, infectious and imunoproliferatyvnyy syndrome. Transfer to imuno-therapeutic department.

How many clinical stages of AIDS do you know?:
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 2.
E. 6.

The patient N., 23 years old, hospitalized from diphtheria epidemic hearth, with pain in the throat. On examination of throat: tonsils with membraneous whitish stratifications, that were hard to take off with trowel, the surface beneath them was bleeding. What therapy is a primary?

A. Appointment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
B. The introduction of antibiotics.
C. Introduction of antidiphtherial serum.
D. Appointment of immunomodulators.
E. Infusional detoxification therapy.

Four pupils from 9th grade of secondary school fell ill with viral hepatitis A (HAV), the last one was hospitalized 2 days ago. There were 25 pupils in the class, aged 14-15 years, which placed under medical observation, carried out disinfection measures. Which of these next steps are most appropriate for students who are not sick of HAV?

A. Immediately conduct the active immunization with recombinant vaccine "HAVRIX".
B. Immediately start the course of immunomodulators.
C. Immediately enter alpha-interferon.
D. Immediately enter antyHAV donor immunoglobulin.
E. Do not enter anything.

The patient, 42 years old, came to the clinic complaining of pain in the right submaxillary area, fever up to 37,5 ° C. Palpated lymph node - up to 2 cm, elastic, painful on palpation. Other groups of lymph nodes were not enlarged. Make a preliminary diagnosis and assign treatment.

A. Lymphogranulomatosis, chemotherapy.
B. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, chemotherapy.
C. Infectious mononucleosis, antiviral therapy.
D. Reactive lymphadenitis, antibiotics.
E. Cytomegalovirus infection, antiviral therapy.

To the infectious department entered patient M., 58 years old complaining of pain in the left half of the chest, fever. On examination: body temperature 37,5 ° C, over the course of XI-XII intercostal spaces on hyperemial-swollen background grouped small blisters filled with clear content. What drug is optional for treating of this patient?

A. Suprastin.
B. Laferon.
C. Prednisolone.
D. Biseptol.
E. Cefazolin.

Patient A., 47 years old, becouse of ARVI took aspirin and Biseptolum (2 tablets of both). 4 hours later the condition suddenly deteriorated: increased fever, occured sore throat, general weakness, and in 8 hours increased neck and axillar lymph nodes, sclera became icterouse, the skin of the trunk and extremities covered with papular-macular rash, further jaundice and angina developed with necrosis and ulcers on the mucous membrane of the mouth. What preliminary diagnosis is most likely?

A. Sepsis.
B. Acute myeloblast leukemia.
C. Autoimmune hepatitis.
D. Viral hepatitis A.
E. Immune (hapten) agranulocytosis.

Female, 40 years old hospitalized with complaints of attacks of breathlessness, cough with sputum. Sick for 4 years.  First  attack of breathlessness appeared while staying in the village. Further attacks bothered during the cleaning up the house. After 3 days of treatment in the hospital situation has improved considerably. What are the most probable etiological factor?

1.  Pollen of plants.
2.  Infectious.
3.  Chemicals.
4.  Household allergens.
5.  Psychogenic.

The patient, 35 years old, complaining on severe bouts of breathlessness, runny nose with considerable watery discharge, sneezing, itching, rash on exposed areas of the body, swelling of the face. Symptoms arise during the finding in rural areas, especially near the stables and seats of cattle. what is the most probable allergen that causing pathological manifestations?

1.  Epidermal.
2.  Microbial.
3.  Pollen of plants.
4.  Fungal.
5.  House dust.

Which antihistamines belong to the first generation?

1.  Fenkarol.
2.  Loratadine.
3.  Cetirizine.
4.  Desloratadine.
5.  Fexofenadine.

Disadvantages of the first generation antihistamines:

А. The ability to penetrate through hematoencephalic barrier.

В. Sedative effect.

С. Reduce the ability to learn.

D. All the listed above.

E. None of the above.

       

Indications for the appointment of antihistamines:

A. Pollinosis.

В. Perennial allergic rhinitis.  

С. Hives.  

D. Atopic dermatitis.  

Е. All the listed above.

The main system, that reacts, at anaphylactic shock:

А. Respiratory system.

В. Cardiovascular system.

С. Digestive System.

D. Urogenital system.

Е. Nervous System.

Antibodies are produced by:

A. T-helper cells.
B. B-cells.
C. Epithelial cells.
D. Plasmatic cells.
E. Cells of spleen.

The main immunoglobulins in secretions of the respiratory tract in a healthy person are:
A. IgM.
B. IgG.
C. IgA.
D. IgE.
E. IgD.

Clinical manifestations of common variable immunodeficiency are:
A. Jaundice.
B. Constipation.
C. Abdominal syndrome.
D. Purulent sinusitis.
E. Attack of breathlessness.

The presence of allergic laryngeal edema may be indicated by:
A. Wheezy vote.
B. "Barking" cough.
C. Stridor breathing.
D. Expiratory wheeze.
E. All of the listed above.

What urgent measures are justified by allergic swelling of the larynx?
A. Intravenous corticosteroids injection.
B. Parenteral carrying of adrenaline.
C. Parenteral carrying of furasemid.
D. All listed above.
E. None of the listed above.

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