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Good day, ladies and gentlemen. My name Maxim Yakimenko, I am the first-year student of Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation. The subject of my presentation is court system of California state.
My presentation will be in four parts. Firstly, I’ll be talking about the structure of California court system. Secondly, I’ll move on to Superior Court. Thirdly, I’ll be talking about Courts of Appeal. Then, I’m going to look at Supreme Court. Finally, I will… I am going to answer the questions in the end.
So, let’s get started. People turn to the courts to settle their disputes when they are unable to settle them alone. California has two types of courts:
I’d like to move on to the next point. California has 58 trial courts, one in each county. In trial courts, or superior courts, a judge and sometimes a jury hears witnesses' testimony and other evidence and decides cases by applying the relevant law to the relevant facts. The California courts serve nearly 34 million people. Superior courts have trial jurisdiction over all criminal and civil cases. Special departments of the courts handle family, probate, mental health, juvenile, small claims, and traffic cases. Many superior courts also have specialty departments for nonviolent drug offenses and domestic violence cases. Superior courts handle cases in which parties ask for special relief, such as an injunction or a declaratory order.
Now let’s look at Courts of Appeal. What is an Appeal? An appeal is a request to a higher court to review a decision made in a completed trial or proceeding. The California Courts of Appeal review the vast majority of appealable orders or judgments from a superior court. The Courts of Appeal have appellate jurisdiction in appeals from cases heard in a superior court and in other matters prescribed by statute. Courts of Appeal review such diverse matters as: criminal convictions, civil cases involving personal injury, regulatory disputes, business transactions, family law disputes, employment claims, contracts, and other matters that litigants may bring to the courts.
Here I’ll turn to Supreme court. The court’s primary role is to review the decisions of the California Courts of Appeal and superior courts and decide matters of statewide importance in order to maintain uniformity in the law throughout California. The Supreme Court is called the “court of last resort” in California because its decisions are binding on all other courts of this state. Under the state Constitution, the Supreme Court is required to review all death penalty judgments from the superior courts. The Supreme Court has discretion to review decisions of the Courts of Appeal. In addition, the court has original jurisdiction in proceedings for “extraordinary relief,” such as petitions seeking writs of certiorari, mandate, prohibition, and habeas corpus.
To finish I would like to say that California’s judicial branch, which includes 7 justices of the Supreme Court, 105 justices of the intermediate Courts of Appeal, and approximately 1,600 superior court judges, is the largest court system in the world.