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~ Hve you been listening to music ll this time ~ No hven~t been listening s the rdio is broken

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PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS (Progressive)

FORMATION:

have/ has + been + Present Participle

I have been washing up since morning.

Have you been listening to music all this time? – No haven’t been listening as the radio is broken.

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS IS USED:

  1.  Present Perfect Continuous is used to put emphasis on the duration of an action, which started in the past and continues up to the present, especially with time expressions such as for, since, all morning/day/week, etc., e.g.

Sarah has been picking vegetables for two hours. (She started picking vegetables two hours ago and she is still picking them now.)

I have been learning to drive since September.

  1.  Present Perfect Continuous is also used for an action which started and finished in the past and lasted for some time. The result of the action is visible in the present.

He is dirty. He has been playing football. (He is no longer playing football, but the fact that his clothes are dirty is visible now.)

Have you been crying? Your eyes are red and swollen.

Note:  With the verbs “to feel” (have a particular emotion), “to live, to work” and to learn” Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous can be used with no difference in meaning.

He has felt/ has been feeling unwell all morning.

  1.  Present Perfect Continuous is also used in clauses of time and condition for an action, which will be in progress for some time before a certain moment in the future, e.g.  

I’m sure she’ll get used to our way of life after she has been staying with us for a couple of weeks.

  1.  Present Perfect Continuous is used to express anger, annoyance or irritation,

e.g.  

Who has been reading my business papers and misplaced them? (The speaker is irritated.)

  1.  Both Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous are used with the following time expressions (adverbial modifiers of time):
  •  How long…?

How long have you known Jack?  

How long have you been learning English?

  •  for (duration)

I have known Jack for five years.

I have not seen Emily for a long time.

                 She has been working here for twenty years.

  •  since (starting point)

They have been married since last April.

       We have been living here since 1980.  

       I have not talked to Ann since last Sunday.

  •  lately /recently

Have you seen any good films lately/recently?

       She has been going out a lot lately/ recently.




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