rndom inventions mde by their cretors millionires
Работа добавлена на сайт samzan.net:
Project:
«10 random inventions made by their creators millionaires»
Completed:
Komissarenko Dima
Pupil 9-B class
Nikolaev 2013
- Ice lolly
Inventor: Frank Epperson
In fact, 11 - letniyEpperson not only produced a kind of revolution in the industry of street food , but also was the author of the world's first prescription " fruit ice ". According to legend, the boy forgot evening on the porch with a glass of soda ( it was winter ), and remained in a glass rod , which soda powder is mixed in water. 18 years later , in 1923 , the grown Epperson used his discovery in business and opened with a frozen lemonade. Another year later, the inventor made a fortune on his " eppsiklah " (as they were then called ), so that made a little rebranding , patented his invention and opened " Popsikl Corporation ." After the sale of the patent in 1928, Epperson receives royalties from each sold in the U.S. " popsikla "; By 1983, when the brand bought the world's largest food holding " Yunilever ", his price was $ 155 million.
2. Superglue
Inventor: Harry Coover
During the Second World Coover American chemist who led the research team in the company " Eastman Kodak" , has been developing high-precision weapon sights using cyanoacrylate acid. With sights he did not succeed , but in one experiment, the whole team literally "sticked" in substance , in consequence called superglue . By 1958 , the ninth year adhesive was released in mass circulation; over the next few years Coover participated in the development and release of another 320 species of glue , including adhesives for wound contraction and covers surgical sutures , and by the time the scientist's death in 2011 mgodu , he owned no fewer than 460 patents.
3.Dye movein
Inventor: William Henry Perkin
Another " unfortunate " chemist - this time from the UK - a few years worked hard to find ... cure for malaria. As a result, in 1856 Perkin research led him to the invention of the first synthetic dye in the world , and Perkin 's no fool , quickly patented his invention . Soon he opened a factory near London, and by 1862 th purple dye became so popular that Queen Victoria herself in outfits sported dyed moveinom . And , despite the fact that the hype on the dye faded fast , in less than 10 years Perkin managed to earn millions in the '60s sold the factory and subsequently devoted himself entirely to research.
4. Teflon
Inventor: Roy Plunkett
Another discovery has made it through forgetfulness and low night temperatures. American Roy Plunkett was experimenting with the properties of gases in the development of coolants . Accidentally left on the street one of the samples in the morning Plunkett discovered that the substance hardened and turned into a kind of wax. Further research led to the fact that in 1945 the company he worked for Plunkett , patented PTFE and began to use it in the production of hundreds of kinds of products ( from metal utensils to cable insulation ) . Today invention has brought its author and producers billions of dollars , the latter , by the way , took third place in the global ranking of players Chemindustry .
5. Plastic Bakelite
Inventor: Leo Hendrik Bakelan
Bakelite polymer widely used in home appliances , electronics and utensils. It does not melt , a poor conductor of heat , scratch-resistant , pressure, friction and impact, is a good insulator, easily handled and can withstand temperatures up to 300 C. These properties allow the use of Bakelite almost everywhere - as in the engineering and production of weapons , and in electrical ( telephones , irons, sockets, switches, electricity ), and the manufacture of household goods ( pen knives and pans , checkers, chess, souvenirs, etc. ) .
However, initially the Belgian Bakelan sought quite another matter - a substitute natural shellac resin , which was used for the production of paints and varnishes. Shellac is also very tolerant of external physical impact , but it perfectly lit. Received Bakelite , the Belgian inventor killed two birds with one stone - found what I was searching for , and at the same time valuable polymer and the world's first non-meltable plastic. In 1910 Bakelan patented discovery, created the company " Bakelite Corporation" and added to his already rather big as tens of millions of dollars.
6. Petrolatum
Inventor: Robert Chizbro
In 1859 - m 22 -year-old chemist Chizbro came to Pennsylvania to try their hand in the oil industry. One fine day, in all senses , he found at the bottom of the oil sump sticky substance that called paraffin oil or " wax plugs " and used for healing cuts and burns . Enterprising Chizbro took a sample with a researched and substance of it ekstraktiroval operating components . In 1872, the Mon patented petrolatum and organized the production , to seredine1870 's opened offices in London , Paris and Barcelona , and in 1911 mzavody Chizbro already worked in dozens of countries in Europe and Africa . By the time in 1987, the company acquired all the same " Yunilever ", she brought over $ 75 million in annual revenue.
7. Plasticine
Inventor: Joseph MakViker
Before becoming one of the favorite children's entertainment , clay for 22 years as an ... detergent for wallpaper. However, in 1954, the daughter of a certain Joe MakVikera - an employee of the manufacturer of clay - took a piece of matter in kindergarten, where she worked as a teacher , to show his children. Plasticine aroused kids so excited that after the story MakViker sister immediately realized its true commercial value and gave the idea to his superiors . Having opened his own shop in the company , added to clay chemist various dyes and almond flavoring, set a price of $ 1.5 per can ( while continuing to trade " wallpaper cleaner " for $ 0.34 ) , and for four years has increased the company's profits from 100 thousand to $ 3 million in 1960, it was separated from the main company , and became the owner of his own factory; v1964 - m MakViker production and sold the patent for $ 18 million.
8. Stickers "post-it"
Inventor: Arthur Fry
Divine inspiration descended on Fry Sunday morning gogoda 1973 , when he sang in the church choir . Flag of songwriter Fry constantly dropped out , so the hapless singer strayed from the words and had to re-look the right page. And then he remembered seminar inventor pensioner Spencer Silver , which visited a few days ago : Silver told that was unique adhesive , but do not know where to find him a commercial application . A Fry found . However, the process of developing , marketing research and implementation in production took almost 8 years , but the result is definitely worth it. To date, approximately six billion units sold annually stickers ; manufacturing company produces about 400 different kinds of stickers and notebooks and sells them in more than 100 countries worldwide .
9.Microwave
Inventor: Percy Spencer
Experimenting with the device to detect enemy aircraft, an American engineer Percy Spencer accidentally melted chocolate bar in his own pocket. Scientist quickly realized that the cause steel microwave radiation , and continued to investigate their properties in other foods. During demonstrations of his discovery colleagues Spencer repeatedly blew eggs cooked popcorn and hot dogs warmed up , and to kontsu1940 's patented microwave and gave the nod to mass production. Last year the company's turnover " Reteon " - the largest U.S. Department of Defense contractor and producer of the first microwaves - was $ 25 billion ; Percy Spencer takes the company as senior vice president and chairman of the board of directors .
10. Velcro
Inventor: George de Mestral
In 1941 , after a morning jog in a small Swiss village , George de Mestral scientist long and hard to tear off from the thistle flowers sweatpants . Intrigued " pristavuchestyu " this plant, de Mestral examined the flowers under a microscope and found that their ability to adhere to various tissues will provide hundreds of microscopic hooks scattered across the surface. Being grounded in several scientific fields , de Mestral began developing a new fastening material , and ten years later , went on sale the first Velcro . However, in order to win the consumer popularity, the invention of the Swiss took another almost 20 years in the early '70s Velcro steel used in the manufacture of suits for NASA astronauts , and since the sale of the material began to grow multiple rates. According to the wife of the late de Mistral , the last 30 years he lived and feed my family solely on patent royalties from his invention.
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