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Заняття 31
Театр, історія театру. Модальні дієслова.
Vocabulary
Exercise 1: Read and translate the text:
Theatre is a collaborative form of fine art that uses live performers to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place.
The performers may communicate to the audience through combinations of gesture, speech, song, music or dance. Elements of design are used to amuse spectators, make them absorb into the world of art and relax and forget about their problems. The specific place of the performance is also named by the word "theatre" as derived from the Ancient Greek.
Modern Western theatre derives in large measure from ancient Greek drama, from which it borrows technical terminology, classification into genres, and many of its themes, stock characters, and plot elements. Theatre scholar Patrice Pavis defines theatrical language, stage writing, and the specificity of theatre that differentiate theatre from the other performing arts, literature, and the arts in general.
Theatre today includes performances of plays and musicals. Although it can be defined broadly to include opera and ballet, those art forms are outside the scope of this article.
Exercise 4. Answer the following questions:
1. Can you speak German? 2. Can your mother speak English? 3. Could you speak English three years ago? 4. Can you skate? 5. Will you be able to skate tomorrow? 6. Which of your friends can play tennis? 7. Where can you see the films? 8. Will you be able to go to the cinema this evening? 9. Where can you buy books? 10. How can you get to school? 11. What poems can you recite?
Exercise 5. Make the following interrogative and negative:
1. Peter can make a shelf. 2. Ann could go there yesterday. 3. His friends will be able to help him on Sunday. 4. Our pupils can read and speak English. 5. The tourists will be able to reach the village before dark. 6.1 can show you the way to the park. 7. He could buy the ticket beforehand. 8. You will be able to catch the train.
Exercise 6. Insert the necessary modal verbs (can/ may/ must):
Exercise 7. Translate the sentences:
1.Моя сестра не вміє готувати.
2.Ти можеш зробити це сам?
3.Ви можете мені допомогти? Я мушу написати цей твір, але не вмію.
4. Вчора він не міг довго заснути.
5. Пробачте, але я не можу прийти. Я повинен зробити домашнє завдання та підготуватись до заняття.
6. Де я можу купити таке гарне плаття?
7. Ти можеш використати цей підручник.
8. Машина була дуже дорога – він не міг її купити.
9. Ти можеш піти в кіно, якщо захочеш.
10. Можна мені тут палити? Ні. Палити тут не можна!
11. Чи не скажете, яка година?
12. Невже вона зараз працює?
13. Він, напевно, прийде сьогодні. Він не може доїхати через таку погоду.
14. Мені доведеться зустріти їх на вокзалі.
15. Хто повинен прибрати в квартирі?
Заняття 32
Театральні жанри. Особливості організації театру. Модальні дієслова
Vocabulary
Exercise 1: Read and translate the text:
The 20-th century brought great change into the theatre. Television, radio, cinema, video created the new world of art. But still there are hundreds of musical comedy theatres, drama theatres, opera houses, puppet theatres, philharmonics and conservatoires where the audience is excited at the prospect of seeing a play and the actors are most encouraged by the warm reception. But first, I’d like to tell you some words about the theatre. It is a building where plays, operas or ballets are performed. Of course, it has a stage for the actors and an auditorium where the audience sits.
The curtain usually separates the stage from the auditorium. As a rule, the curtain is dropped of lowered between the scenes or acts of a play. The most expensive seats are in the stalls, boxes and dress-circles. The seats in the balcony and the upper circle are comparatively cheaper. A system of lights illuminates the stage. While the curtain is down, the workers on the stage can change the scenery and prepare the stage for the next part of the performance.
A play lives a long life and it makes its appearance on the stage before the audience. It is a real part of art and its creation calls for inspiration, talent and artistic ingenuity. A playwright conceives an idea and after months of hard work his idea develops into the script of the play. And finally, when everything is ready and the rehearsal goes off without a hitch (перешкода), a dress rehearsal is called. After some time the curtain rises, the play faces the audience on its first night.
Exercise 2: Answer the questions according to the text:
1. What did the 20-th century bring into the theatre?
2. What can you say about the theatre nowadays?
3. What is the theatre?
4. What is the curtain for?
5. Where are the most expensive seats?
6. Where are the cheaper seats?
7. What illuminates the stage?
8. When can the workers change the scenery?
9. What is a real part of art?
10. What does a playwright conceive?
Exercise 3: Think over and express your ideas about the followings:
Exercise 4: Give negative answers to the following questions.
Mode 1: May I take this book home?-No, you mustn't. You must not take it home.
1. May I open the window? 2. May we fish in this pond? 3. May we play football here? 4. May I use this telephone? 5. May the children play in the street? 6. May they dance in this room? 7. May we hunt in this forest? 8. May I tell my friends about it?
Exercise 5: Translate into English using the verb must.
І. Учні повинні виконувати домашні завдання. 2. Вона загубила ручку і мусила писати олівцем. 3. Тобі не можна їсти морозива. 4. Я мусив вимкнути телевізор. 5. Ми повинні приходити до школи вчасно. 6. Коли я маю повернути книжку? 7. Нам треба вивчити цей вірш напам'ять? 8. На екзамені вам не можна користуватися словником. 9. Вона сказала, що ми повинні полити квіти. 10. Йому доведеться складати екзамени у серпні
Заняття 33
Мій останній візит у театр. Модальні дієслова.
Vocabulary
Exercise 1: Read the new vocabulary:
11) a spectator – глядач - a person viewing anything; onlooker (глядач); observer (спостерігач)
12) a scenarist – сценарист - a person who prepares scripts, plays.
Exercise 2: Read and translate the text:
Theatre is a place where you can see a play staged. It is also one of entertainments.
A theatre consists of two parts: the stage and the hall. They are separated by a curtain and the orchestra. Actors and actresses perform on the stage and public the hall, the dress-circles, the boxes and the gallery.
If we made up our mind to go to the theatre we should go to the box-office to buy tickets. Seats can be reserved beforehand.
There is a theatre in our town. But we are to admit that theatre is not so popular now as it used to be. There are many people who prefer to seat comfortably in front of the TV and enjoy themselves without leaving their homes. But theater is a wonderful place. There are many actors and actress here. They perform different plays. Our family often goes to the theatre. Last month our family went to the theatre. We saw the play "Romeo and Juliet". Our seats were in the dress circle. It was a wonderful performance. I enjoyed every minute of the play. The actors were really very good, especially the actress playing Juliet. Her dress was beautiful.
I like Shakespeare's plays. I've always wanted to see "Romeo and Juliet" in the theatre. I would like to know more about William Shakespeare and see all his plays in the theatre.
If you want to go to the theatre you should think about some things beforehand. First of all go to the box office and ask if they have seats for the day you want. Don't forget that the most expensive seats are in the front stalls or in the boxes, and the cheapest are in the gallery. The seats in the dress circle are not so expensive, but quite good, especially if they are in the first and second row. If you can't decide about your seats you can look at the map of the hall which usually is on the wall of the box-office and can be quite helpful.
Exercise 2: Answer the questions:
Exercise 3: Read and translate the dialogues:
Mrs. Smith: - Hallo, Nora?
Nora – Yes, it’s me! Hello! Mammy! How are you? Is everything all right with you? I’ve not seen you for whole week.
Mrs. Smith: - Everything is all right. Even my health is normal. Well, Nora, don’t you remember that today is Friday, and we usually go to the Theatre.
Nora. – Good heavens, so it is.
H.P. – Who is that, Nora? What is happened?
Mrs. Smith: - Nora, are you ready to go to the Theatre? Let’s meet in a foyer. Robert said that he would buy tickets beforehand.
Nora. – all right, Mum. See you in the theatre.
Mrs. Smith: - Bye, darling!
H.P. – Nora, who was that? What are you doing?
Nora. – Sunday, Monday, Tuesday… Everything is quite true, today is Friday.
H.P. – Nora, can you explain me, what does all this mean? Whom did you speak with?
Nora. – You know Harry, today is Friday, and there is a show this evening at the Theatre.
H.P. – Oh, yes, today is Friday, we always go to the Theatre on Friday. I promised, that we should always keep this rule.
Nora – So, do you still think, you will go round to the club?
H.P. – No, somehow I don’t think I will. Let’s prepare for going to the Theatre. Nora, do you know, what is on at our Theatre today?
Nora. – It seems to me, that they are showing “Hamlet” after Shakespeare’s tragedy.
H.P. – Oh, really, I like Shakespeare’s plays. What time does the show start?
Nora. – As usually, at 7 p.m.
H.P. – It’s 6 o’clock now. Nora, we must get a more on? Nora, are you ready? Hurry up, darling! It’s high time to go out/
Nora – Harry, do I look well? How do you like my new hat?
H.P. – My darling! Wonderful, charming! But we must go, to come in time for the show.
Nora – All right, let’s go.
“During the interval”
Nora. – I think, the play is very good, don’t you?
H.P. – Well, the acting is certainly good, brilliant, but I didn’t think much about of the play itself.
Nora – Really? I found it very interesting. What don’t you like about it?
H.P. – Well, the subject is treated in a very superficial or sentimental way.
Nora – I don’t think so.
Exercise 4: Change from direct into indirect speech.
Model: The teacher said to the pupils, "You may go home. " - The teacher told the pupils that they might go home.
1. Mother said to her son, "You may go to the cinema." 2. The doctor said to the sick man, "You may go out." 3. He said to me, "You may look at it." 4. The girl said to her friend, "You may work in my room." 5. The militiaman said to them, "You may cross the street."
Exercise 5: Translate into English:
1. Я можу дістати квитки заздалегідь. 2. Ми можемо поїхати туди автобусом або залізницею. 3. У нашій школі є спортзал, де учні можуть займатися різними видами спорту. 4. Вона, напевно,забула дати йому сніданок. Він може пообідати в їдальні. 5. У нашому місті ви можете побачити будинок, що був побудований у 17 столітті. 6. Можливо, вони вже пішли додому. 7. Головний інженер, напевно, повернеться завтра. 8. Може, вона зараз слухає радіо. 9. Вона не може знати твоєї адреси. 10. Можливо, він уже закінчив школу. 11. Аня захворіла. Можна мені її провідати? Ні, не можна.12.Завтра ми повинні йти в коледж. 13. Я мушу вчитися добре. 14. Я вмію малювати, а також співати.
Grammatical Topic
THE MODAL VERBS (Модальні дієслова).
To have:
Need:
Dare:
Exercise: Translate sentences:
1.Як ти смієш запізнитись? 2. Тобі треба ще раз прочитати це правило. 3. Я змушена йти до директора. 4. Він повинен про все розказати. 5. Він не сміє і дихнути без неї. 6. Я не посмію прийти сюди. 7. Нам треба ще трошки часу. 8.Всі студенти змушені вчитись по суботам. 9. Вони мусять все прибрати до 5 години вечора. 10. Я вмію це готувати, ти повинен набратись терпіння.