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The Russian Federation is set up by the Constitution of 1993.
Under the Constitution Russia is apresidentialrepubllOThe federal government consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial-. Each of them is checked and balanced by the President.
The legislative power Is vested in the Federal Assembly. It consists of two chambers. The Upper Chamber is the Council of Federation; the Lower Chamber is the State Duma.
Each chamberis headed by the Speaker. Legislature maybe Initiated in either of the two Chambers. But to become a law a bill must be approved by both Chambers and signed by the President. The President may veto the bill.
The President is commander-in-chief of the armed forces, he makes treaties, enforces laws, appoints ministers to be approved by the Federal Assembly.
The executive power belongs to the Government which is headed by the Prime Minister. The first action of the Prime Ministeron appointment is to form the Cabinet.
The judicial branch is represented by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and the regional courts.
The members of the Federal Assembly are elected by popular vote for a four-year period.
Today the state symbol of Russia is a three-coloured banner. It has three horizontal stripes: white, blue and red. The white stripe symbolizes the earth, the blue one stands for the sky, and the red one symbolizes liberty. It was the first state symbol that replaced the former symbols in 1991. The hymn of Russia is «The Patriotic Song» by M.Glinka. A new national emblem is a two-headed eagle. It is the most ancient symbol of Russia. It originates from the heraldic emblem of the Ruricovitchcs. All these symbols are official. They have been approved by the Federal Assembly.
Topical Vocabulary
.
- to be set up by smth. быть учрежденным, основанным
в соответствии с чем-либо
- under the Constitution в соответствии с конституцией
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a presidential republic
- the federal government a branch
legislative
executive
judicial
to be checked by smbd. to be balanced by smbd.
- to be vested in
the Federal Assembly a chamber
the Council of Federation
- to be headed by the Speaker to initiate a legislature
to approve a bill
to be signed by smbd.
to veto the bill
- commander-in-chief the armed force,s_
to make a treaty_ to enforce a law to appoint a minister
- to belong to smbd. the Prime Minister on appointment
to form the Cabinet
- to be represented by smbd. the Constitutional Court the Supreme Court
a regional court
to be elected by popular vote
the state symbol a banner
a hymn
a national emblem to originate from smth. the heraldic emblem of the Rurico-vitches президентская республика
федеральное правительство
власть (как часть правительства)
законодательный
исполнительный
судебный
контролироваться кем-либо балансироваться, уравновеши ваться кем-либо осуществляться кем-либо Федеральное собрание палата
Совет Федерации возглавляться спикером внести законопроект принять законопроект быть подписанным кем-либо наложить вето на законопроект главнокомандующий вооруженные силы заключить договор проводить закон в жизнь назначить министра принадлежать кому-либо премьер-министр после назначения сформировать кабинет быть представленным кем-либо Конституционный суд Верховный суд региональный суд быть избранным всенародным
голосованием государственный символ знамя гимн
национальный герб происходить от чего-либо родовой герб Рюриковичей
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