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КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 1
Для студентов 1 курса, обучающихся по специальности
«ПСИХОЛОГИЯ»
ВАРИАНТ 1
1. Перепишите предложения, определите функцию окончания s, переведите предложения на родной язык:
2. Перепишите предложения, употребляя местоимение в нужной форме. Переведите предложения на родной язык:
3. Перепишите предложения. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных:
4. Перепишите предложения, определите в каждом из них
видовременную форму сказуемого. Письменно переведите предложения на родной язык.
5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст:
Ernst Weber
Ernst Weber was born in Wittemberg, Germany, the third of 13 children. He received his doctorate from the University of Leipzig in 1815, in phycology. He began teaching there after graduation, and continued until he retired in 1871.
His research focused on the senses of touch and kinesthesia. He was the first to show the existence of kinesthesia, and showed that touch was a complex sense composed of senses for pressure, temperature and pain.
His chosen interests led him to certain techniques: first, there is the two-point threshold which is a matter of measuring the smallest distance noticeable to touch at various parts of the body. For example, the tongue had the smallest threshold (1 mm), and the back had the largest (60 mm).
This is known as Webers Law, and is the first such “law” relating a physical stimulus with a mental experience.
Ernst Weber also named and studied discipline psychophysics, which he defined as the study of the systematic relationships between physical events and mental events. In 1860 he published The Elements of Psychophysics. In this work Weber showed that psychological events are tired to measurable physical events in a systematic way, which everyone at that time thought impossible.
Kinesthesia - кинестезия
Two-point threshold - пороговая величина между двумя точками
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 1
Для студентов 1 курса, обучающихся по специальности
«ПСИХОЛОГИЯ»
1. Перепишите предложения, определите функцию окончания s, переведите предложения на родной язык:
2. Перепишите предложения, употребляя местоимение в нужной форме. Переведите предложения на родной язык:
3. Перепишите предложения. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных:
4. Перепишите предложения, определите в каждом из них
видовременную форму сказуемого. Письменно переведите предложения на родной язык
5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст:
Wilhelm Max Wundt, German psychologist, the founder of scientific psychology as an independent discipline. Born in Neckarau, he was educated at the universitis of Tubingen and Heidelberg and at the Institute of Physiology in Berlin. After teaching physiology at the University of Heidelberg (1858-1874), he taught philosophy at the University of Zurich (1874-1875) and was Professor of Philosophy at the University of Leipzig from 1875 to 1917.
Wundt offered the first academic course in psychology in 1862 and established the first laboratory for experimental psychology in 1879. He founded the first psychological journal, Philosophische Studien (Studies in Philosophy), in 1881.
Wundt promoted what is known as structuralist psychology, focusing on observations of the conscious mind rather than inference. Wundt also carried out extensive experimental research on perception, feeling, and apperception (a phase of perception where there is full recognition of what has been perceived). His more than 500 published works include Principles of Physiological Psychology and the monumental work Elements of Folk Psychology. He also wrote Logik, Ethik, and System der Philosophie.
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 1
Для студентов 1 курса, обучающихся по специальности
«ПСИХОЛОГИЯ»
1. Перепишите предложения, определите функцию окончания s, переведите предложения на родной язык:
2. Перепишите предложения, употребляя местоимение в нужной форме. Переведите предложения на родной язык
3. Перепишите предложения. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных:
4. Перепишите предложения, определите в каждом из них
видовременную форму сказуемого. Письменно переведите предложения на родной язык
5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст:
Alfred Binet
Alfred Binet, French psychologiest known for his achievement in developing a standard intelligence test.
Binet was born on July 11, 1857, in Nice. He was educated at the Sorbonne, where he studied law. However, he decided to continue his studies in medicine and psychology. In 1889, at the Sorbonne, he helped to found the first psychological research laboratory in France. As director of the laboratory, Binet tried to develop experimental techniques to measure intelligence and reasoning ability. In 1895, he founded the first French psychological journal, LAnnee Psychologique (The Psychological Year), and used it to publish the results of his research studies.
Binets most important work was in intelligence testing. With his colleague, psychologists Theodore Simon, he developed a test to measure the mental ability of children. The Binet-Simon Scale first appeared in 1905. It was made up of problems designed to measure general intelligence, and items were graded according to age level. The childs score, based on the number of correct answers, showed the childs mental age.
Biten died in Paris on October 18, 1911. His work on intelligence measurement remained important among psychologists in other countries. The Standford-Binet Scale, an adaptation of Binets original test, was widely used for many years in the United States, where great importance was paid to intelligence testing.
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 1
Для студентов 1 курса, обучающихся по специальности
«ПСИХОЛОГИЯ»
1. Перепишите предложения, определите функцию окончания s, переведите предложения на родной язык:
2. Перепишите предложения, употребляя местоимение в нужной форме. Переведите предложения на родной язык
3. Перепишите предложения. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных:
4. Перепишите предложения, определите в каждом из них видо-временную форму сказуемого. Письменно переведите предложения на родной язык
5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст:
William James (1842-1910) is an American psychologist, who developed the philosophy of pragmatism. James was born in New York on January 11, 1842. His father, Henry James, was a theologian. William James attended private schools in the Unit4ed States and Europe, the Lawrence Scientific School at Harvard University, and the Harvard Medical School, from which he received a degree in 1869. Before finishing his medical studies, he went on an exploring expedition in Brazil and also studied psychology in Germany. After three years of retirement due to illness, James became an instructor in physiology at Harvard in 1872. After 1880 he taught psychology and philosophy at Harvard; he left Harvard in 1907 and gave highly successful lectures at Columbia University and the University of Oxford.
Jamess first book, the monumental Principles of Psychology (1890), established him as one of the most influential thinkers of his time. The work was devoted to the principle of functionalism in psychology, thus removing psychology from its traditional place as a branch of philosophy and establishing it among the laboratory sciences based on experimental methods.
In the next decade James applied his methods iof investigation to philosophical and religious issues. He explored the questions of the existence of God, the immortality of the soul, free will, and ethical values by referring to human religious and moral experience. His views on these subjects were presented in the lectures and essays published in such books as The Will to Believe and Other Essays in Popular Philosophy (1897), Human Immortality (1898) and The Varieties of Religious Experience (1902).
James died in New Hampshire, on August 26, 1910.
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 1
Для студентов 1 курса, обучающихся по специальности
«ПСИХОЛОГИЯ»
ВАРИАНТ 5
1. Перепишите предложения, определите функцию окончания s, переведите предложения на родной язык:
2. Перепишите предложения, употребляя местоимение в нужной форме. Переведите предложения на родной язык
3. Перепишите предложения. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных:
4. Перепишите предложения, определите в каждом из них видо-временную форму сказуемого. Письменно переведите предложения на родной язык
5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст:
Jean-Martin Charcot was born in Paris on November 29, 1825. He received his Masters degree at the University of Paris in 1853. In 1860 he became a professor at his alma mater. Two years later, he began to work at the hospital as well. In 1882, he opened a neurological clinic and became known throughout Europe. Students came from everywhere to study the new field. Among them were Alfred Binet and a young Sigmund Freud.
Charcot is well-known in medical circles for his studies of the neurology of motor disorders, resulting diseases and localization of brain functions. He is considered the father of modern neurology.
In psychology, he is best known for his use of hypnosis to successfully treating women suffering from the psychological disorder then known as hysteria.
Charcot believed that hysteria was due to a congenitally weak nervous system, combined with the effects of some traumatic experience. Hypnotizing these patients brought on a state similar to hysteria itself. He found that, in some cases, the symptoms would actually lessen after hypnosis, although he was only interested in studying hysteria, not in curing it. Others would later use hypnosis as a part of curing the problem.
Charcot died in France, on August 16, 1893.
Congenitally - врожденно