Если у вас возникли сложности с курсовой, контрольной, дипломной, рефератом, отчетом по практике, научно-исследовательской и любой другой работой - мы готовы помочь.
Предоплата всего
Подписываем
Safety instructions for a chemical laboratory.
General safety instructions for a working place.
To encure your safety you should observe and obey the rules and guidelines appropriate to the general populace or specific jobs:
The blast furnace
The modern blast furnace is a tall circular structure about 100ft. high built of firebrick and reinforced by a steel shell on the outside. The interior from is circular.
The air blown through the furnace is heated by means of stoves. The ore, coke. And limestones are conveyed from the ground to the top of the furnace by means of two cars running on an inclined hoist. Hot air is blown into the through the tuyeres in the hearth of the furnace.
There are two holes in the hearth of the blast furnace. The iron is tapped from the lower hole; the slag is tapped from the upper hole.
Open hearth furnace.
The name open hearth is given to it because the hearth of the furnace is exposed to the sweep of the flames which melt the steel.
The furnace is lined with firebrick to withstand the very high temperatures. The charge consist of molten pig iron, scrap iron and steel and some hematite.
The fuel the blown into furnace through one of the two large openings, or ports, located on each end of the furnace. Combustion occurs above the hearth, and the smoke and other products of combustion escape through the ports at the other end of the furnace.
Beneath the furnace are two large chambers through which air or gas flows freely. There are three stages in the operation of this furnace. The first is the process of charging, the second – melting down process, the third – period of refining.
Metallurgy Process.
Metallurgical process involves:
Metallurgical processes fall into 3 main categories:
Hydrometallurgy – occurs in aqueous solutions at temperatures up to 300 degrees.
Pyrometallurgical – processes at temperatures above 300 degrees.
Electrometallurgy. Electrometallurgy involves metallurgical processes that take place in some form of electrolytic cell. The most common types of electrometallurgical processes are electrowinning and electro-refining.
What is metallurgical engineering?
Metallurgical engineering involves the study, innovation, desigh, implementation and improvement of processes that transform mineral resourses and metals into useful products.
Metals provide the foundation for our modern way of life. Metals come from minerals that must be physically separated and chemically processed in order to transform them into the impotent products we use every day. Metallurgical engineers work to meet the mineral and metal product needs of our modern civilization in an environmentally responsible way buy designing processes and products that minimize waste, maximize energy efficiency, increase performance and facilitate recycling.