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S O M E C O N F U S E D OR C O N F U S I N G ELEMENTS
O F E N G L I S H G R A M M A R
1. SOME PREPOSITIONS CONFUSED
Ex. 1. (p. 345) 1. with; ^ w i t h ; 3. at; 4. with; 5. by; 6. at; 7. by; 8. by; 9. at; 10. by;
11. by; 12. by; 13. with. ч" 4
Ex. 2. (p. 346) 1. among; 2. among; 3. between; 4. Between; 5. Among.
Ex. 3. (p. 346) 1. into; 2. into; 3. into; 4. into; 5. in; 6. in; 7. into; 8. in; 9. into; 10. in.
Ex. 4. (p. 347) 1. beside; 2. besides; 3. Beside; 4. besides; 5. beside; 6. Besides; 7. except.
Ex. 5. (p. 347) 1. like; 2. like; 3. as; 4. like; 5. like; 6. As, as.
Ex. 6. (p. 347-348) 1. into; 2. beside; 3. as; 4. into; 5. besides; 6. with; 7. at, besides;
8. into; 9. into; 10. at; 11 .by; 12. among; 13. at; 14. At; 15. beside; 16. with; 17. beside;
18. with; 19. between; 20. with; 21. in; 22. between; 23. among; 24. between;
25. among; 26. as; 27. like; 28. like, as, as; 29. as; 30. by, by; 31. except; 32. in;
33. with, into; 34. by; 35. beside.
Ex. 7. (p. 348) 1. with water; 2. at my uncle's; 3. with her sick sister; 4. beside my bed;
5. among; 6. by the sea; 7. by bus; 8. as a bus driver; 9. as in Italy; 10. as a hammer;
11. with an axe, by the stove; 12. into the country, into the hills; 13 At noon, in these latitudes,
from it, in the house; 14. between you and me alone; 15. among; 16. besides him; 17. beside
herself; 18. anybody like you; 19. reached into her handbag; 20. no difference between
them; 21. like a youhg man; 22, like your daddy; 23. besides you two; 24. except Vasya*
Ex. 8. (p. 348) 1. beside; 2, Besides; 3. besides; 4. besides; 5. beside; 6. besides;
7. besides; 8. Besides; 9. beside; 10. besides.
Ex. 9. (p. 348) 1. by; 2. by; 3. with; 4. by; 5. by; 6. with; 7. by; 8. by; 9. with.
Ex. 1 0 / ( p . 349) 1. with us; 2. beiside me; 3. by t h e d o o r ; 4. like a teenager; 5. with la
knife; 6. besides eaiting; 7. by train; 8. except your students; 9. by t he back door; 10. at
my girlfriend's; 11. between; 12. among friends; 13. into four parts; 14. as the Five
Corners; 15. at the Five corners.
2 . C O M P L E X SENTENCE
2 . 1 . SUBJECT CLAUSES
Ex. 2. (p. 350) 1. Who doesn't know this doesn't know anything/knows nothing. 2. What I was trying to find out was very important for our investigation. 3. Whoever stole the hat did my aunt in. 4. Whether she ever t r i ed to change i t or no, lay hidden in her own heart. 5. It is surprising how little the district has changed. 6. What I like best about the Colonel is his moustache. 7. Whatever you do don't say "yes" on t he s p o t . 8. Whatever she had meant to say remained unspoken. 9. Where they were to move was not discussed.
10. Whether they will ever meet again is a mystery. 11. How difficult it was to accomplish this work is seen f r om her diary. 12. Whoever d id it is a genius. 13. What you have done is unforgivable. 14. What they enjoyed delighted me. 15 . When you will do it is of no importance to me. 16. How you will do is another matter entirely. 17. How you are going to do it is not clear to me. 18. Whether there is life like that on the Earth somewhere else in the Universe has always^been of great interest to scientists.
2 . 2 . PREDICATIVE CLAUSES
Ex. 4. (p. 351) 1. The most unpleasant condition is that we must; 2. His proposition is that they will make and deliver; 3. Such work is what is called; 4. The greatest riddle is how he has got here; 5. The funniest thing is that; 6. The only thing I don't know is whether he knows; 7. Your support is what she needs most at t he moment. 8. That's why they have sent for you/sent f o r you; 9. The reason is that; 10. His greatest hope is that the experiment will prove successful.
2 . 3 . CLAUSES INTRODUCED BY THAT, W H A T A N D W H I C H
Ex. 5. (p. 352) 1. that; 2. what; 3. that; 4. That; 5. What; 6. that; 7. that, what; 8. that,
that; 9. What; 10. that; 11. That; 12. that; 13. What, that; 14. What, that.
Ex. 7. (p. 353) 1. that, that; 2. that; 3. what; 4. which; 5. that; 6. that; 7. which; 8. what;
9. that; 10. What; 11. that; 12. What, what; 13. that; 14. what; 15. which.
Ex. 8. (p. 353) 2; 4; 7; 8; 10; 13; 14; 15.
Ex. 9. (p. 353) 1. that stood; 2. what you're going to say; 3. The lultaby (that) my father used to sing; 4. which came as a surprise even to himself; 5. that used to hoot; 6. what made you so angry; 7. to what he did or said; 8. by the idea that; 9. That in his new capacity he displayed great talent and obtained great success is unquestionable; 10. What you need is what every working girl needs, a holiday, that is a rest; 11. That's what I don't understand; 12. The trouble is that I'm sleepy at night; 13. Do you know that in Holland they grow tulips by the square mile? 14. The secret of the matter is that; 15. which is, of course, pleasant; 16.1 knew (that) you would come; 17.1 see (that) you don't feel like going there; 18. Where's the book (that) I brought; 19. says (that) he's already left/gone; 20. You know what I mean, don't you?
2.5. AS A N D SINCE IN THE CLAUSES OF TIME A N D CAUSE (REASON)
Ex. 11 - (p. 355) 1. так как; 2. как раз когда; 3. когда; 4. так как; 5. с тех пор как; 6. с
тех пор как Джорджа нет; 7. Когда; 8. так как; 9. так как; 10. так как; 11. с тех пор как;
12. Так как; 13. когда; 14. Так как; 15. с тех пор как; 16. С тех пор как; 17. с тех пор
как; 18. с детства; 19. по мере того как; 2. так как.
-Ex. 12. (р. 356) 1. As; 2. because; 3. As; 4. since; 5. as; 6. As; 7. because; 8. since;
9. since; 10. as; 11. because; 12. since; 13. for; 14. as; 15. because; 16. for; 17. Since;
18. because; 19. since; 20. since; 21. for; 22. Since; 23. because; 24. since; 25. Since;
26. as; 27. Since; 28. because; 29. for.
2.6. UNTIL/TILL AND BEFORE
Ex. 13. (p. 357) 1. before; 2. before/until; 3. until/till; 4. before; 5. till; 6. until; 7. until; 8. until; 9. until; 10. until; 11. Before; 12. before/until; 13. till.
Ex. 14. (p. 357) 1. Just as we started on our way, it began snowing. 2. He walked with care because he did not wish to fall. 3. Since the spring is now well advanced, we shall soon hear the cuckoo's voice again. 4. The game was stopped because a heavy storm broke out. 5. Since she went to Italy in April, I haven't received a single letter from her. 6. As the champion grew weaker, his opponent's attacks became ... 7.1 decided to stop and have lunch first - for I was feeling ... 8. Don't send this telegram until Father reads it. 9.1 made the decision before that phone call came. 10. Don't go there before they ring you up.
Ex. 15. (p. 357) 1. Before you start arguing, ... . 2. Until the engineer comes, ... .
3. Since you cannot reach an agreement 4. As they climbed higher and higher,....
5. Just as they stepped under the arch, ... . 6. ... before they come. 7. ... because she
didn't want to meet them. 8. ... , for on the whole he isn't a debater. 9 until your
parents come. 10. They have lived in this house since their brother left for London.