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UNIT 12
The TIR CONVENTION
Text
International carriage of cargo by road vehicles involves crossing the borders of one or more countries and passing through customs clearance and control.
To simplify the formalities and to minimize delays at the borders the TIR Convention was signed in 1975 and came into force in 1978.
TIR is the abbreviation for Customs Convention on the International Transportation of Goods. The TIR system allows to replace expensive physical inspection in the countries of transit for checking seals and the external conditions of the vehicle. It contains four main requirements:
(1) With regard to security it requires that goods must be carried in such road vehicles or compartments of containers that no goods can be removed from or introduced into the sealed part of the vehicle without breaking customs seal.
(2) The second principle is the guarantee system. The system ensures that customs duties and taxes during transit operations are paid at any moment by a National Guaranteeing Association, if the transport operator cannot be held responsible.
(3) The third principle is the TIR Carnet. The goods must be accompanied by an internationally accepted document – Carnet, issued at the check point within the country of departure and serving as a control document at the borders in the countries of departure, transit and destination.
(4) The last principle is the international recognition of customs control measures: when goods are transported under this transit regime, the Customs office of departure checks the goods, seals the vehicle, reports it in the TIR Carnet and the cargo is transported without further unloading and inspection in the countries of departure, transit and destination.
When the cargo arrives at the Customs office of destination, they become responsible for the goods to be transferred to another Customs procedure.
Nowadays the Convention has been signed by more than 50 Contracting Parties. It covers the European Union, North Africa, Near and Middle East, the USA, Canada, Chile and Uruguay. A number of countries in Western and Central Africa and Latin America are also considering the establishment of the TIR system.
Since 1978 the Convention has proved that it is one of the most successful transit systems because it contains provisions for a multi-modal transit regime in line with modern techniques and requirements and offers transport operators and Customs authorities a simple, cost-effective and safe regime for the international transportation of goods across frontiers.
Working on the text
Ex.1 Read and translate the text.
Ex.2 Find in the text the English equivalents of the following:
международные перевозки; автотранспортное средство; задержки на границе; внешнее состояние; основные требования; безопасность; таможенная пломба; система гарантий; международный документ; страна отправления, транзита, назначения; меры таможенного контроля; разгрузка; таможенный режим; стороны, подписавшие конвенцию; перевозчики
Ex. 3 a)Mark the stress in the Russian words and compare it with the English words. Tick the pairs of words with different stressed syllables.
physical физический
transit транзит
condition кондиция
container контейнер
guarantee гарантия
principle принцип
system система
b) Read the English words again.
Ex. 4 Insert prepositions.
1) to carry cargo _____ road vehicles
2) to come _____ force
3) to replace inspection _____ checking seals
4) to remove something _____ or introduce _____ the sealed part of vehicle
5) the duties are paid _____ a National Guaranteeing Association
6) it serves _____ a control document
7) to transport goods _____ transit customs regime
8) the goods must be accompanied _____ a Carnet
9) the cargo is transported _____ reloading
10) to be responsible _____ the clearance of goods
Ex. 5 Make word combinations with the words from the text and the following verbs:
a) to simplify
b) to minimize
c) to sign
d) to replace
e) to contain
f) to break
g) to guarantee
h) to issue
i) to check
j) to establish
k) to offer
Ex. 6 Answer the questions:
1) What does TIR stand for?
2) Why was the Convention signed?
3) What is the main advantage of the system?
4) Are there any special requirements in respect of security?
5) What if transport operator cannot pay the duties during the transit operation?
6) What document must accompany the cargo while it is transported under the TIR procedure?
7) Are the goods checked by the Customs in the countries of transit?
8) Are there many contracting parties to the TIR Convention?
9) Why is the TIR Convention so successful?
Ex.7 Translate the sentences from Russian into English:
1) Главная цель транзитных таможенных систем – обеспечить международные перевозки грузов и обеспечить надежность таможенного контроля.
2) Грузы перевозятся в таких транспортных средствах или контейнерах, которые полностью исключают возможность доступа к перевозимому грузу без видимого нарушения пломб и печатей.
3) Груз должен сопровождать международный карнет TIR, выданный в стране отправления и действительный в качестве контрольного документа в странах транзита и назначения.
4) Таможенные органы могут обращаться в Национальное гарантийное объединение в случае каких-либо нарушений.
5) Меры таможенного контроля, предпринятые в стране отправления, признаются в странах транзита и назначения.
6) К транспортным документам должны прилагаться фотографии транспортного средства с изображением регистрационного номера и пломбы.
7) Информация в карнете TIR представлена на английском и французском языках.
8) Система TIR позволяет увеличить скорость доставки и значительно сократить транспортные расходы, и, таким образом , способствует развитию международной торговли.
Ex.8 Get ready to speak on the topic.
Ex 9. Render the newspaper article.
Customs Officers Seize $1 Million of Cocaine
U.S. Customs and Border Protection officers at the San Luis port of entry stopped almost $1 million in cocaine from being smuggled into the country. CBP officers questioned a 22-year- old man from Mexico driving a 2003 Dodge 2500 truck. During the routine questioning, officers became suspicious of his behavior and answers and decided to thoroughly inspect the vehicle.
During the inspection a CBP narcotics detector dog alerted the odor of narcotics coming from the vehicle, which led the officers to a compartment built into the dashboard. Officers opened the compartment and discovered 14 packages of cocaine, weighing 16kg. Estimated street value of the narcotics is $924,000.
The driver, a Mexican citizen from Rio Colorado, was immediately arrested and turned over to Immigration and Enforcement agents. The vehicle and narcotics were seized.